Adolescent ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; classification ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Child ; Comorbidity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Prognosis

Objective To evaluate the changes of peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and its prognostic value in sepsis patients.MethodThe percentage of CD4+CD25+/CD4+ T cells were measured by flow eytometry present in peripheral blood in 36 sepsis patients on day 1,3 and 5 and 15 healthy people (control group).The changes of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells were analyzed in survivors group and non-survivors group respectively.Results There were 19 survivors and 17 non-survivors in sepsis patients.The percentage of CD4+CD25+/CD4+ T cells in survivors group and non-survivors group on day 1 was significantly lower than that in eontrol group [(12.42± 3.26)%,(12.96± 3.00)% vs (16.97 ± 3.66)%,P＜0.05].The percentage of CD4+CD25+/CD4+ T cells in survivors group and non-survivors group on day 3 were both signifieanfly higher than that on day 1 [(24.47±4.62)%vs (12.42±3.26)%,(26.61±3.85)%vs (12.96±3.00)%,P＜0.05].The percentage of CD4+CD25+/CD4+ T cells in survivors group on day 5[(18.28±4.28)%]was significantly lower than that on day 3 (P＜0.05),and the percentage of CD4+CD25+/CD4+ T cells in nonsurvivors group on day 5 were significantly higher than that on day 3(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the percentage of CD4+CD25+/CD4+ T ceils between survivors group and non-survivors group on day 1,3 respeefively(P ＞ 0.05),but the percentage of CD4+CD25+/CD4+ T cells in survivors group was significantly lower than that in non-survivors group on day 5 (P＜0.05).Conclusions The CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in sepsis patients decreases following by increase after onset.The persistent increase suggests the emergence of immunoparalysis,which is followed by high monaliy,The CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells are valuable in evaluation of immune state and prediction the prognosis in sepsis patients.

BACKGROUND:Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) can inhibit lipid peroxidation after rat brain injury. However, the trend of 5-lipoxygenaseis (5-LOX) and cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) in model of Parkinson’s disease, and whether CAPE protects against rotenone-induced cel ular injuries by inhibiting the levels of 5-LOX and CysLTs stil need further research.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effect of CAPE on the rotenone-induced Parkinson-like injury, and to determine whether 5-LOX involved.
METHODS:(1) PC12 cel s in good-growth were col ected and divided into five groups cultured with different concentrations of rotenone (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10μmol/L). 24 and 48 hours later, changes of cel ular morphology and activity were observed to single out the optimum concentration of rotenone;at 24 hours, the levels of 5-LOX and CysLTs were detected by western blotting and ELISA, respectively. (2) PC12 cel s were pretreated with different concentrations of CAPE (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 μmol/L) for 30 minutes, and 1 μmol/L rotenone was then added. The other cel s received no intervention as blank control group. Subsequently, the cel activity was detected, and the CysLTs production was detected by ELISA at 24 hours.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Rotenone (0.1-10μmol/L) could induce PC12 cel injury with overt morphological and cel activity changes at 24 hours, especial y the 1 μmol/L rotenone. (2) Rotenone also significantly increased the 5-LOX expression and CysLTs production in a concentration-dependant manner. (3) CAPE (1-10μmo/L) significantly attenuated rotenone-induced CysLTs production and cel viability reduction in a concentration-dependant manner. (4) These results suggest that CAPE protects against PC12 cel injuries in the model rat with Parkinson’s disease induced by rotenone involving 5-Lox.

9).Renal pathology revealed 3 patients with class Ⅳ, 1 patient with class Ⅱ. Image results showed diffuse pulmonary infiltration lesions. Bronchial lavage fluid was hemorrhage. Three patients recovered after treatment with corticosteroid and intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy. Conclusions Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage is rare serious complications of lupus nephritis. Aggressive immunosuppressive therapy should be started early for a favorable outcome.

Objective To construct a programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1) co-expression network in lung squamous cell carcinoma,screen potential PD-L1 co-expression biomarkers,and try to find the genes and pathways participating in PD-L1-regulated tumor immune response.Methods The lung squamous cell carcinoma dataset extracted from TCGA was used to screen the co-expression genes of PD-L 1 at the whole-genome transcriptional level by Venny analysis,and the target genes were screened by multiple types of cluster and molecular network analysis to construct a PD-L1 co-expression network.Results A total of 126 genes moderately co-expressed with PD-L1 were retrieved,most of them are plasma membrane targeting genes participating in immune response.Three transcription factors (IRF2/NFKB1/IRF1) were involved in more than 30％ the regulation of the PD-L1 genes transcription.By screening the core molecules of co-expression of PD-L1 gene set and analyzing the connectivity of network node,6 network nodes genes with the highest connectivity were retrieved as follows:IFNG,JAK2,STAT1,CTLA4,CD80 and CCR5.Analysis of the relations of the different expression levels of these genes to the survival situation of patients with lung cancer revealed that CCR5 was a significant prognostic marker.Analysis of the PD-L1 expression and CCR5 gene spectrum data showed the Pearson correlation coefficient is 0.47(P＜0.05);GO-BP cluster analysis showed that the function of CCR5 mainly focused on immune regulation,T cell regulation and signal transduction,in accordance with the PD-L1 function of network regulation.Conclusions The main nodes of PD-L1 co-expressing gene set are immune-related molecules,among which IFNG/CCR5/NFKB1 play the most significant regulatory effects in the gene network.This finding lays a foundation for the research and immunotherapy for lung squamous cell carcinoma.

The internal medicine of paediatrics is the important major course in paediatrics. Focusing on strengthening the constructionof staff, we cultivate all levels of teachers from different administrative level and personality, do schorlarly research meticulously,standardizing management and improve the teaching evaluation system. Besides we promote the construction and development of theinternal medicine of paediatrics by carrying out teaching research, impsoving teaching methods and making paediatics the key subjectin China.

Objective To identify the types of γ?aminobutyric acid type A ( GABAA ) receptors in neurons in brain tissues at the target of anesthetic action of isoflurane in mice. Methods Two mouse strains were developed that were either sensitive or resistant to isoflurane. One hundred isoflurane?sensitive ICR∕CD?1 mice ( 50 males, 50 females) and 100 isoflurane?resistant ICR∕CD?1 mice ( 50 males, 50 fe?males) , aged 65-70 days, were used in this study. Brain tissues were obtained, and total RNA was ex?tracted and then reverse transcribed to cDNA using AMV reverse transcriptase. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the cDNA sequences. Chi?square analysis was used to compare the cDNA sequence of each GABAA receptor subunit between two strains. Results The cDNA sequence of GABAA receptor sub?units α1?6 , β2,3 andγ1?3 in isoflurane?sensitive strain was completely consistent with that in isoflurane?resist?ant strain. A single nucleotide polymorphism at the nucleotide position 462 ( C∕G) in the β1 sequence was found. The allele C frequencies were 11.0% and 87.0% in isoflurane?sensitive strain and isoflurane?resistant strain, respectively. Compared with isoflurane?sensitive strain, the allele C frequency in cDNA sequences of β1 subunit was significantly increased in isoflurane?resistant strain ( P<0.01) . Conclusion β1 subunit?containing GABAA receptor in neurons in brain tissues is the target of anesthetic action of isoflurane in mice.

Objective To analyze the serum calcium , phosphate and alkaline phosphatase level among apparently healthy school children and adolescents in Heilongjiang Province and establish the reference intervals in different gender and different age groups .Methods Random sample of 2 101 primary and secondary school students from 9 to 18-year-old was collected from different district of Heilongjiang Province including Harbin and Mudanjiang from July 2008 to June 2009 .The fasting venous blood was collected and serum calcium , phosphate and alkaline phos-phatase concentration was measured as soon as possible .After screening outlier individual , a total of 2 091 subjects were enrolled.The reference intervals of serum calcium , phosphate and alkaline phosphatase for healthy school children and adolescents were established by gender and age ( P2.5 to P97.5 ) .Results The change tendency of serum calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase with age and sex were presented .All these parameters had shown inverse relationship with age and were significantly higher in boys than girls (P<0.001).Serum calcium, phosphate of both sexes and serum alkaline phosphatase of girls declined progressively with age .However , the highest alkaline phosphatase level was seen at 13 years in boys.Alkaline phosphatase showed a positive correlation with age before 13 years of age , but after that alkaline phosphatase started to decline .Conclusions Reference in-tervals of serum calcium , phosphate and alkaline phosphatase for healthy school children and adolescents in Hei -longjiang Province in the age group of 9-18 years were presented , which supply good reference value for clinicians especially pediatricians to interpret the results of school children and adolescents and make decision .

AIM: To explore the predisposing factors, population characteristics and clinical features of severe fungal keratitis.
METHODS:The data of 233 cases 233 eyes of severe fungal keratitis in my hospital from January, 2008 to November, 2013 was retrospectively reviewed. The predisposing factors, population characteristics and clinical features were analyzed.
RESULTS: In 233 cases of severe fungal keratitis, the number of male patients was 153 ( 65. 7%) and the number ratio of male to female was 1. 9:1. The average age of them was (52. 7±11. 3), and most of them were middle-aged and elderly people living in the rural area (78. 1%) and were farmers ( 66. 1%) with low literacy (59. 7%). In 233 cases, 188 cases (80. 7%) possessed a clear history of ocular trauma, mainly caused by plant-based trauma (60. 9%). 90 cases (57. 3%) were infected with Fusarium, and 47 cases ( 29. 9%) by Aspergillus. The main treatment of severe fungal keratitis was surgery (87. 9%). 83 cases ( 52. 9%) were treated with penetrating keratoplasty, and in Fusarium and Aspergillus infected patients with severe fungal keratitis, 58. 4% ( 80/137 ) were performed with penetrating keratoplasty. In addition, patients treated with eye enucleation or evisceration, 68. 4% (13/19) were infected with Fusarium species.
CONCLUSION: Patients with severe fungalkeratitis in our hospital are mainly elderly male farmers living in rural, because of low economic condition and poor diagnosis consciousness. The main pathogens are Fusarium and Aspergillus species, and the major treatment is penetrating keratoplasty. Most of patients with poor clinical outcomes are infected with Fusarium species.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Child ; Humans ; Macrolides ; pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; drug effects