The number of IPFI has increased in recent years because of the increasing of immunocompromised hosts due to abuse of antibiotics,glucocorticoids,immunosuppressants and all kinds of invasive operations,organ transplants.The mortality of IPFI remains highly because it's difficult to early diagnosis.Histopathologic biopsy remains as the gold standard for IPFI diagnosis although limited by materials.Imaging manifestations are nonspecific but have important suggestive values to some kinds of fungus.Direct examination is quickly but it's difficult to distinguish strain.Fungal culture can guide the treatment but its positive rate is low and the distinguish for contamination,infection and colonization is hard.Serological test has high sensitivity and specificity,but it cannot distinguish strain and it can yield false positives and false negative.Molecular biology is one of rapid developing methods,but its application is limited due to lack of standardized procedures and standards to assess its results,furthermore it can yield false positives.The proper diagnosis for IPFI relies on the comprehensive assessment combing with advantages and disadvantages of various methods.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of gastric stromal tumors.Methods A total of 105 cases with gastric stromal tumors were included in the study.The expression of cluster of differentiation 117 (CD117),cluster of differ entiation 34 (CD34),smooth muscle actin (SMA),S-100 protein and Ki-67 in gastric stromal tumors specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry.The clinico-pathologic features of gastric stromal tumors were also analyzed.Results Of 105 gastric stromal tumors specimens,90 were positive for CD117 [85.7 ％ (90/105)],98 positive for CD34 [93.3 ％ (98/105)],21 positive for SMA [20.4 ％ (21/105)],60 positive for Ki-67 [56.1％ (60/105)],13 positive for S-100 [12.4 ％ (13/105)].Conclusion Combined detection of CD117 and CD34 can improve the diagnostic accuracy of gastric stromal tumors.The expression of Ki-67 can be used as a prognostic parameter for gastric stromal tumors as it is correlated with tumor size,risk and mitotic.

AIM:To compare the difference between diopter of refration measured after cycloplegic mydriasis with retinoscopy and hand-held autorefractor so as to explore the feasibility of using hand - held autorefractor for refraction screening in cadet candidates.
METHODS:Respectively using hand-held autorefractor and streak retinoscope to do optometry examination in 317 cadet candidates students ( 634 eyes ) after mydriasis. Main index of refraction values ( spherical, cylindrical mirror degree and axial) were analyzed by difference test and correlation analysis. And the elimination rate was comparatively analyzed.
RESULTS: Diopters of sphere and cyclic refraction measured by hand-held autorefration were significantly higher than those by retinoscopy ( P< 0. 05 ), but the correction analysis showed that there was high correlation (r=0. 733, 0. 694), axial of refration measured by these two methods were non - significant ( P > 0. 05 ). The disqualifying rate using autorefraction was much higher than that using retinoscopy. It was easy to be wrongly eliminated.
CONCLUSION:Because of the high correlation between diopters of autorefraction measured by retinascopy and autorefractor, autorefraction has application value in refraction screening in cadet candidates with normal vision.

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of sexual behavior and HIV infections between normal men who have sex with men (MSM) and money boy (MB) in Jining city,so as to provide the basis for intervention.MethodsSentinel surveillance,VCT and respondent-driven sampling were adopted to recruit the target population,and the data was aualyzed with SPSS13.0.ResultsThe average age of normal MSM was 26.45 ± 5.8 and MB was 22.23 ± 3.3.The rates of single,marriaged and divorced about normal MSM and MB were 48.24％,45.53％,6.7％ and 85.4％,9.8％,4.9％ respectively.The educational level of normal MSM(74.8％ )was higher than that of MB(51.22％ ).MB group's rate of condom used(75.61％ ;51.22％ ) was higher than that of normal MSM ( 52.03 ％ ;32.79％ ).There was statistical significance in age,educational level,marital status and infecting rates of HIV between MB group and normal MSM group.ConclusionCompared with normal MSM,MB is the high risk population and bridge population of transmission of HIV.

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of L-thyroxine combined with selenium yeast in patients with lymphocytic thyroiditis.Methods The clinical data of 96 patients with lymphocytic thyroiditis from March 2015 to September 2016 was analyzed retrospectively.The cases were divided into study group(48 cases)and control group(48 cases)according to double-blind method.The control group were treated with levothyroxine and the study group were treated with levothyroxine combined with selenium yeast.Free tetraiodothyronine(FT4),free triiodothyronine(FT3),thyrotropin(TSH),thyroglobulin antibody(TGAb),serum thyroid peroxidase antibody(TGAb)and serum thyroid peroxidase(TPOAb),the level of peripheral blood T cell subsets and the total effective rate between the two groups were compared.Results After treatment,the levels of FT4,FT3,TSH,TGAb and TPOAb in the two groups were significantly better than those before treatment(P<0.05).FT4,FT3,TSH,TGAb,TPOAb levels in the study group were significantly better than that in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the T lymphocyte subsets of the study group after treatment were significantly better(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the total effective rate of the study group was significantly higher(P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of L-thyroxine combined with selenium yeast in the treatment of lymphocytic thyroiditis patients is very significant.The treatment method is worthy of promotion in the clinical treatment.

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of blood glucose,blood pressure and blood uric acid level on hematuria in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).MethodsOne hundred and sixty-two ACS patients were selected and received standardized treatment after admission to hospital.Urine test was taken and patients were divided into no hematuria group(37 cases),microscopic hematuria group (56 cases) and gross hematuria group(69 cases) according to the results.Blood pressure,fasting and postprandial 2 hours blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin and blood uric acid level were measured and compared among three groups.ResultsMicroscopic hematuria group compared with no hematuria group,fasting and postprandial 2 hours blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin,systolic blood pressure and blood uric acid level raised 58.0％[(7.9 ±0.7) mmol/L vs. (5.0 ± 1.1) mmol/L],33.3％[(12.4 ±0.8) mmol/L vs.(9.3 ± 0.6 ) mmol/L ],48.2％ [ ( 8.3 ± 0.8 )％ vs.( 5.6 ± 0.5 )％ ],23.8％ [ ( 151.6 ± 7.0) mm Hg ( 1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) vs.(122.5 ±9.9) mm Hg],29.2％ [(635.4 ±47.4) μmol/L vs.(491.8 ±83.4)μmol/L]respectively,there were significant differences (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ).Gross hematuria group compared with microscopic hematuria group,the above mentioned indexes raised 16.5％[ (9.2 ± 1.1 ) mmol/L vs.(7.9 ± 0.7)mmol/L],30.6％[ ( 16.2 ± 1.8) mmol/L vs.( 12.4 ± 0.8) mmol/L],14.5％[ (9.5 ± 0.8)％ vs.(8.3 ± 0.8)％ ],18.8％[(180.1 ± 12.3) mm Hg vs.(151.6 ±7.0) mm Hg],34.6％[(855.5 ±74.5) μ mol/L vs.(635.4 ±47.4 ) μ mol/L ] respectively,there were significant differences ( P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ).Gross hematuria group compared with no hematuria group,the above mentioned indexes increased significantly(P＜ 0.01 ).The level of diastolic blood pressureamong three groups had no significant difference(P ＞ 0.05).The Logistic regression analysis showed that fasting and postprandial 2 hours blood glucose (r =3.175,P =0.001 ;r =0.906,P =0.001 ),glycated hemoglobin ( r =16.109,P =0.001 ),systolic blood pressure (r =0.429,P =0.003 ),blood uric acid level(r =1.317,P =0.004) were risk factors on hematuria after antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy in ACS patients,the impact of glycated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose on hematuria was stronger than that of blood uric acid level and systolic blood pressure.ConclusionWith the increase of blood glucose,systolic blood pressure,blood uric acid,the risk of hematuria increases in ACS patients.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the activity of nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH ) oxidase in peripheral blood mononuclear cell and left ventricular remodeling in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods Fifty-two patients with AMI hospitalized from December 2010 to June 2011 were selected as AMI group,and 25 patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia hospitalized in the same period were selected as control group.All patients were examined by Doppler echocardiography and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was calculated.Fasting blood was drawn on the second day after hospitalization to measure the level of biochemical indexes,malondialdehyde(MDA ) and the activity of NADPH oxidase.The correlation of the level of MDA,the activity of NADPH oxidase and LVMI was analyzed.Results The level of MDA in AMI group was significantly higher than that in control group [(6.14 ±t 2.80) μ mol/L vs(2.95 ± 1.82) μmol/L,P ＜ 0.01 ].The levd of O2- in AMI group was also obviously higher than that in control group [(21.61 ± 10.66) RLU/mg protein vs.( 7.12 ± 4.48 ) RLU/mg protein,P ＜ 0.01 ],as well as the activity of NADPH oxidase [ ( 2.84 ± 1.05 ) RLU/mgprotein vs.( 1.97 ± 0.80) RLU/mg protein,P ＜ 0.01].Positive correlation was found between LVMI and the level of MDA(r =0.57,P ＜ 0.01 ),as well as between LVMI and the activity of NADPH oxidase(r =0.71,P＜0.01 ).Conclusions The activity of NADPH oxidase in peripheral blood mononuclear cell inereases in AMI patients and plays an important role in left ventricular remodeling after AMI.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of NS398,a specific cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor,on microglial activation-mediated neuronal damage.Methods The microglia of neonatal SD rat were isolated and cultured in the medium containing 1 μg/ml of LPS.The morphological changes of microglial were observed.The IL-1β and TNF-α levels were detected by Western blot in LPS group (group L) and control group (group C).The hippocampal neurons of neonatal SD rats were cultured in the control medium (group C),LPS-activated microglial conditioned medium (group L) and LPS-activated microglial conditioned medium with NS398 (group N),respectively.The survival rate of neurons were detected by MTT.The respiration of hippocampus neurons was determined by detecting the ratio of lactic acid/pyruvic acid.Results LPS-induced microglial activation was characterized by the morphological change and increased secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α.The survival rate of neurons cultured by microglia activated conditioned medium was 64.37％,while the group N was 80.25％ (P＜0.01).In group L,the ratio of lactic acid/pyruvic acid (27.34±8.53) was significantly higher than that of group N (20.32±6.05,P＜0.01) and group C (14.95±4.72,P＜0.01).Conclusion NS398,a specific cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor,has a protective effect on rat hippocampus neuron damaged by activated microglia.

BACKGROUND:Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis can be accepted by more and more scholars, but some scholars believe that total knee arthroplasty is a better choice. OBJECTIVE:To compare knee scores between patients before and after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty. METHODS:A total of 53 patients with knee osteoarthritis, who underwent unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from March 2013 to November 2014 and obtained fol ow-up, were enrol ed in this study. Simultaneously, 53 patients, who received total knee arthroplasty in the same period and obtained fol ow-up, were selected. Knee scores before surgery and in final fol ow-up were recorded in both groups, including KSS score, WOMAC score, OKS score and HSS score. The knee maximum flexion and patient satisfaction were recorded in final fol ow-up. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Patents with complications were excluded in both groups. Knee scores were significantly higher in final fol ow-up than in pre-operation (P<0.05). No significant difference in knee scores was detected in final fol ow-up between the two groups (P>0.05). Maximum range of motion in final fol ow-up was significantly larger in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group than in total knee arthroplasty group (P<0.05). Patient satisfaction was similar between the two groups. Moreover, the association between WOMAC scores and OKS scores was high. These results suggest that unicompartmental knee arthroplasty could improve patient’s quality of life as total knee arthroplasty so long as physicians grasp strict indications;standard replacement operation and good functional exercise after replacement, but its long-term outcomes stil need further investigations.