This study was aimed to discuss the difference of Cun-Kou six-pulse (CKSP) diagram of different diseases. The ZBOX-I Type Pulse Digital Analyzer was used to collect CKSP diagram of 30 bronchial asthma cases and 33 chronic gastritis cases. Time-domain parameter was extracted for analysis. Comparison was made by statistical methods. The results showed that there was statistical difference on time-domain parameter of pulse diagram for different diseases (P<0.05). There was statistical difference on time-domain parameter of pulse diagram between the left side and right side (P<0.05). There were statistical differences on t4 of left Cun, t4 and h5 of right Cun, t1\t4 of left Chi between bronchial asthma and chronic gastritis cases (P<0.05). It was concluded that the single-cycle pulse diagram of chronic gastritis was wider but no higher than that of bronchial asthma. The systole phase of single-cycle pulse diagram of bronchial asthma occupied greater proportion than that of chronic gastritis. There was difference on Cun of time-domain parameter in pulse diagram between bronchial asthma and chronic gastritis. It was consistent with the theory of Cun-Kou sub-designated zang-fu organs, which was “left Cun designates heart, right Cun designates lung.” However, there was no further explanation on functional differences between the spleen and stomach. The mechanism of pulse difference on the left and right side still required further illustration.

AIM: To investigate the expression pattern of apolipoprotein M (apoM) protein in renal cortex of a-cute renal failure ( ARF) rats with reperfusion. METHODS: Seventy - five male rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (re =25) , ARF group (n =25) and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamat (PDTC) group (n =25) , five subgroups at time points of 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after reperfusion were set up in each group. The expressions of apoM in cytoplasm and NF - κB p65 in nucleus of renal cortex were detected at the indicated time points. RESULTS: The expression of apoM in ARF group was obviously higher than that in sham operation group ( P <0.01 ) , and two peaks were detected, the first peak was at 6 h after reperfusion, while the second one was from 24 h to 48 h. The tendency of apoM expression in PDTC group was similar to that in ARF group, while the expression in every subgroup was prevalently lower than that in ARF group (P < 0.01). Otherwise, a significant correlation ( r = 0.852, P < 0.01) was found between the expression of apoM and NF -κB p65.CONCLUSION: The results indicate that apoM feasibly take part in the pathogenesis of ARF through the inflammatory reaction mediated by NF - κB.

AIM:To investigate the expression pattern of apolipoprotein M (apoM) protein in renal cortex of acute renal failure (ARF) rats with reperfusion. METHODS:Seventy-five male rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (n=25),ARF group (n=25) and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamat (PDTC) group (n=25),five subgroups at time points of 3 h,6 h,12 h,24 h and 48 h after reperfusion were set up in each group. The expressions of apoM in cytoplasm and NF-?B p65 in nucleus of renal cortex were detected at the indicated time points. RESULTS:The expression of apoM in ARF group was obviously higher than that in sham operation group (P

BACKGROUND: According to present theories and our clinical experience, immune ablative and tolerance inducing theory is proposed. Immune ablative means to clear out mutate cell clones and without transfusion of hemopoietic stem cells afterwards; intolerance inducing means to induce animal models not to react to mutate somatic cells, which avoids relapse or new occurrence of autoimmune disease. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of immune-ablative and tolerance inducing therapy in treating animal model of immune polymyositis (PM). DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized, controlled animal experiment was performed at the Animal Experimental Center of Nanfang Hospital from December 2008 to April 2009. MATERIALS: One New Zealand rabbit, female, weighing 4.1 kg and 36 England guinea pigs, female, weighing 400-500 g, were used. METHODS: New Zealand rabbit's muscle tissue homogenate and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) were injected into guinea pigs to make PM animal models. The 28 animal models were randomly divided into intense immune-ablative and tolerance inducing group (Busulfan 1 mg/kg, every 12 hours, totally 8 doses; followed by CTX 40 mg/kg per day for 4 days; then cyclosporine A (CsA) 3 mg/kg per day was given till animals were dead); cyclophosphamide (CTX) group: CTX was given, 10 mg/kg per day for 3days; immune-ablative and tolerance inducing group: Busulfan 0.8 mg/kg, CTX 30 mg/kg, CsA 3 mg/kg; the administration time and dose were the same as group 1. Control group was not treated.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Full blood count (FBC) and biochemical index were tested before and after treatment, and surviving time was recorded. In addition, muscle pathological changes were observed.RESULTS: Compared with control group, number of white cells was significantly decreased in the other groups, and hematopoiesis function gradually restored after administration. The number of white cells in the immune-ablative and tolerance inducing group was the most, and striated muscle pathology showed PM. Following administration, the glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and creatine kinase of intense immune-ablative and tolerance inducing and immune-ablative and tolerance inducing groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), but no obvious striated muscle pathological changes were found. The glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase and creatine kinase in the CTX and control groups remained unchanged. Survival time of intense immune-ablative and tolerance inducing group was the shortest among all groups, and there was no significant difference between CTX and control groups. The animals in immune-ablative and tolerance inducing group survived for the longest time. CONCLUSION: Immune-ablative and tolerance inducing therapy has preferable effect on treating animal models of PM, and its prognosis is better than intense immune-ablative and tolerance inducing therapy and regular CTX therapy.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and attitude of smoking and its influencing factors among residents in Hongkou District of Shanghai,so as to provide evidence for tobacco control. Methods Nine hundred and sixty residents in Hongkou District of Shanghai aged 15 to 69 years were selected by multi-level random sampling,among whom 958 completed the investigations on smoking status. Results The smoking rate and standardized smoking rate were 20.04% and 18.73%,respectively.The smoking rate and standardized smoking rate of males were 41.05% and 30.07%,and those of females were 0.80% and 1.70%,respectively.The smoking rate of males was higher than that of females(RR=0.02,95%CI: 0.01-0.03).The smoking rates of age groups of 25 years old and over were higher than those of 15 to 24 years old,and the smoking rate of subjects with or above junior college education was lower than that of subjects with or below middle school education(RR=0.45,95%CI: 0.25-0.79).Subjects who drank alcohol smoked more than those did not(RR=2.68,95%CI: 1.76-4.09).Lower annual per capita income and higher knowledge on smoking hazard led to more tendance to object to smoking and agree with anti-smoking. Conclusion The prevalence of smoking of residents aged 15 to 69 years in Hongkou District of Shanghai was relatively lower.Age,gender,education status and alcohol drinking were influencing factors of smoking.Education on tobacco control among subjects aged more than 35 years should be strengthened,and more attention should be paid to those with lower education.Besides,education on alcohol control should be managed together with tobacco control.

Objective To analyze the changes of the intima-media thickness(IMT)of carotid and femoral arteries, serum advanced glycosylation end-products(AGEs),and AGEs soluble receptor(sRAGE)after intensively controlling blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid. Methods One hundred and thirty-two type 2 diabetic patients were divided into 3 groups and followed for 5 years: 20 patients were treated with intensive control of blood glucose and blood pressure, 80 patients with intensive control of blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid; and 32 patients with conventional therapy. AGEs, sRAGE, and IMT of carotid and femoral arteries were measured and compared among different groups. Results The IMT of carotid and femoral arteries and serum level of AGEs were significantly decreased after intensive treatment. The ratio of sRAGE and HbA1C(sRAGE/HbA1C)were negatively correlated with the mean of HbA1Cin the past five years(r=-0.417, P＜0.001)and the fluctuation of HbA1C(r=-0.309,P＜0.001). Multinomial regression analysis showed that AGEs were the important risk factors of IMT of femoral artery(β=0.152,P=0.068). Conclusion Intensive treatment is significant in controlling the growing IMT of carotid and femoral arteries, while decreasing serum level of AGEs.

Objective To compare whether there is a difference in medical cost of intensive care unit(ICU)pa-tients with catheter-associated infection (CAI)between before and after targeted intervention.Methods CAI in ICU patients in 2010(pre-intervention group)and 2013 (post-intervention group)were investigated by retrospective survey,hospitalization cost of two groups of patients before and after intervention was compared.Results The morbidity and mortality in patients with CAI both decreased significantly after intervention,morbidity of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)decreased from 13.47% in 2010 to 4.41 % in 2013,mortality decreased from 10.36% in 2010 to 2.2% in 2103.Total hospitalization cost,blood transfusion cost,and cost of special material before and af-ter the implementation of targeted intervention all significantly different (all P <0.05),the difference of procalcito-nin and antimicrobial agents cost were also significant(all P <0.05).Conclusion Medical cost in ICU patients with CAI decreased after intervention.

Objective: To explore the relationship between myocardial ischemia and left ventricular diastolic function (LVDF) by fractional lfow reserve (FFR) evaluation in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods: A total of 57 patients with chest pain were studied, the diagnosis of CAD was confirmed by coronary angiography, which indicated 50%-70%of coronary stenosis. All patients received FFR examination and they were divided into 2 groups:Experimental group, the patients with FFR<0.80, n=27 and Control group, the patients with FFR≥0.80, n=30. The basic condition and risk factors affecting LVDF were compared between 2 groups. Echocardiography was conducted for evaluating left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), left atrial dimension (LAD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and E/e ' value in both groups.
Results: The patients’ gender, age, history of hypertension, diabetes, blood levels of cholesterol, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C and glucose were similar between 2 groups, P>0.05. Compared with Control group, the Experimental group had the increased LVEDD, LAD and E/e ' value and decreased LVEF, all P<0.05.
Conclusion: The impact of CAD on early diastolic function depends on functional myocardial ischemia in relevant patients.

OBJECTIVETo study the efficacy of levetiracetam (LEV) in the treatment of electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES) in children.

METHODSThe clinical data of 27 children who were newly diagnosed with ESES and treated with LEV between August 2009 and March 2011 and who were followed up for at least 6 months were retrospectively studied.

RESULTSThe onset age of the 27 children ranged from 9 months to 9 years and 7 months. Partial motion seizures were found in 81% of the children in the early stage. Twenty-three children received LEV treatment after ESES was definitely diagnosed. Of the 23 children, 19 were diagnosed as epilepsy syndrome of benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECT). The age of the patients at the beginning of LEV treatment ranged from 1 year and 8 months to 11 years and 9 months. The follow- up duration was 7 to 19 months. The effective rate of LEV for seizure control was 82% and for EEG recovery it was 78% (P<0.05). The other 4 children received LEV treatment before the occurrence of ESES. Seizure control and EEG recovery were noted in two of the 4 children.

CONCLUSIONSLEV treatment is efficacious, to some extent, for both seizure control and EEG recovery in children with ESES.

Adolescent ; Anticonvulsants ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Electroencephalography ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Piracetam ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Status Epilepticus ; drug therapy ; physiopathology

Objective To research a simple and sensitive K-ras gene mutations detection method in order to be suitable for the routine mutation detection.Methods The corresponding detection locus oligonucleotide probe was designed.By the connection,amplification,labeling and ELISA reaction in probe,the mutation locus genotype was determined by the ELISA reaction detection value.With the six point mutations of G12S,G12R,G12C,G12D,G12A and G12V in 12 codons of K-ras gene as the detection objects,the plasma circulation DNA sample in 72 cases of lung cancer was detected,then the results were compared with those obtained by the direct sequencing.Results Three samples were identified as the G12S,G12R and G12A mutatins by the established method.But no K-ras mutations were detected in the samples by using the direct sequencing,indicating that the direct sequencing had lower sensitivity and was not suitable for the mutation detection of heterogeneous samples such as circulating DNA.Conclusion The simple and sensitive K-ras gene mutation detection method is established and can conduct the routine mutation detection for the heterogeneous samples.