BackgroundThe violent aggressive behaviors of patients with schizophrenia usually have the characteristics of suddenness， unpredictability， high severity， and great difficulty in prevention. Early identification and accurate assessment of their risk of violent aggression have significant clinical significance. ObjectiveTo construct a predictive model for the violence risk in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia， to identify the key factors influencing the occurrence of violent behavior in these patients， so as to provide references for clinical precise quantitative assessment and early intervention. MethodsA total of 200 patients with schizophrenia who were hospitalized at Taiyuan Psychiatric Hospital from March 2022 to September 2024 and met the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases， eleventh edition （ICD-11） were collected to form the modeling cohort. They were randomly divided into a training set （n=140） and a test set （n=60） at a ratio of 7∶3. Based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator （LASSO） regression algorithm， the feature variables were screened and dimension-reduced. The support vector machine （SVM） from machine learning was selected for model training and prediction. The discrimination efficacy of the model was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve （AUC）， accuracy， precision， sensitivity， specificity， F1 value， and Brier value. ResultsLASSO regression screening identified 16 feature variables. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between prior violent behavior frequency and clinical psychiatric symptom scores （r=0.580， P<0.01）， a positive correlation between hospitalization compliance and current disease status （r=0.550， P=0.003）， and a positive correlation between educational level and family per capita monthly income （r=0.367， P<0.01）. The SVM model achieved an AUC of 0.853， accuracy of 0.800， precision of 0.810， sensitivity of 0.895， specificity of 0.636， F1 value of 0.850， and Brier value of 0.168. ConclusionThe SVM model has a relatively high level of applicability and overall predictive performance in the assessment of violent risk in schizophrenia patients， which is helpful for the early identification of violent risks in such patients. ［Funded by Specialized Research Project for Enhancing the Competence of Health Professionals in Taiyuan City （number， Y2023006）］

Objective: To understand the hydration status and related factors of rural boarding primary school students, so as to provide a scientific basis for drinking water health intervention for primary school students. Methods: In November 2023, a convenience sampling approach was employed to conduct a hydration status survey among 144 boarding students in grades 5 and 6 of a rural primary school in Guangxi. The Duplicate meal method and weighing method were utilized to measure the food derived water intake over three consecutive days. Urine osmolarity of students was measured on site for three days, and a simple physical examination was also carried out. A self administered questionnaire was used to investigate students drinking water literacy, daily water intake, and physical activity levels. Meanwhile, a drinking water literacy survey was conducted among 21 substitute teachers and 144 parents of the boarding students in grades 5 and 6. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with students hydration status. Results: The median daily total water intake of students was 2 043.55 mL, and 54.86% of the students did not reach the recommended Adequate Intake (AI). The median food derived water intake was 1 149.24 mL, accounting for 53.94% of the total water intake. Univariate analysis revealed that the daily drinking frequency, daily water intake, and food derived water intake of students were related factors of hydration status ( β =-1.60, -1.01, -0.00, all P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that primary school students with a daily drinking frequency of ≥7 times were more likely to maintain an adequate hydration status ( OR =0.28, 95% CI =0.09-0.93, P ＜0.05). Conclusions The water intake from food is the main source of water in the body for boarding primary school students in a certain rural school in Guangxi. Primary school students should increase their water intake frequency appropriately to maintain an adequate hydration status.

Objective:To analyze the cerebral hemodynamic characteristics of uremic patients complicated with depressive symptoms by transcranial color-coded Doppler(TCCD),and explore the correlation between cerebral hemodynamic indicators and uremia complicated with depressive symptoms.Methods:A total of 70 uremic patients received hemodialysis in our hospital from Dec 2022 to Dec 2023 were enrolled,in which 37 patients complicated with depressive symptoms were selected as the research group,and 40 patients without depressive symptoms were selected as the control group.Peak systolic velocity(PSV),end diastolic velocity(EDV),mean velocity(MV),and pulsatility index(PI)of bilateral middle cerebral artery(MCA)were compared.Binary logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors for uremia complicated with depressive symptoms,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were generated for key parameters.Results:There was no significant difference in PSV between the two groups(P＞0.05),while EDV and MV of bilateral MCA in the research group were lower but PI was higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Age was positively correlated with the depressive symptoms in uremic patients,while EDV,MV of bilateral MCA and left PSV were negatively correlated with depressive symptoms of uremic patients(P＜0.05).The elevated level of HCO3-in blood increased the risk of uremia complicated with depressive symptoms(OR=1.245,95%CI:1.024-1.513).When the left EDV was 41.25 cm/s,the predicted occurrence rate of depressive symptoms in uremic patients was 74.6%,with a specificity of 62%and a sensitivity of 85%.Conclusions:EDV and MV of bilateral MCA in patients with uremia complicated with depressive symptoms were lower than those in patients with uremia without depressive symptoms.Age,EDV and MV of bilateral MCA and PSV of left MCA were associated with depressive symptoms.Left EDV＜41.25 cm/s may serve as a hemodynamic marker for early clinical detection of depressive symptoms in uremia.TCCD can provide a reference for early clinical detection of uremic patients complicated with depressive symptoms.

Under the background of rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI),this paper systematically proposes AI-based education(AIBE).It empowers the teaching process,learning process,research process,and teaching management with AI,and constructs an AI-based educational paradigm,including AI-based teaching(AIBT),AI-based learning(AIBL),AI-based re-search(AIBR),and AI-based management(AIBM).Taking the AI course of immunology teaching as an example,this paper deeply analyzes the practices and explorations of implementing AIBT,AIBL,AIBR and AIBM based on the AI course,so as to accelerate the promotion of the transformation of the fourth generation of medical education.

Cytoglobin(Cygb)is a recently discov-ered astrocyte specific globin that is widely distrib-uted in mammalian visceral organs such as the lung,heart,spleen,liver,pancreas,stomach,small intestine,kidney,neuron,and bone tissue.It plays an important role in clearing reactive oxygen spe-cies,nitric oxide and nitrite signal transduction,al-leviating oxidative stress,anti-fibrosis,regulation of cell apoptosis and treatment of cancer,etc.It is worth noting that the anti-fibrosis role of Cygb has attracted increasing attention in recent years.The existing research has involved various fibrotic dis-eases such as the liver,pancreas,kidney,spleen,etc.,especially in the study of liver fibrosis,which has made great progress.This article system re-views the role of Cygb in various fibrotic diseases,with a focus on its mechanism of alleviating oxida-tive stress.Although the application of Cygb in fi-brotic diseases is still in its infancy and the underly-ing mechanisms still require extensive research and exploration,there is no doubt that Cygb can serve as a promising therapeutic target,with the poten-tial to be widely used in the prevention and treat-ment of fibrotic diseases.

This study assessed the role and mechanism of the recombinant Bacillus Calmette-Gue?rin vaccine(rBCG)with c-di-AMP adjuvant in regulating metabolism and immunity in epididymal white adipose(eWAT)in mice.Male C57BL/6 mice were intravenously immunized with BCG and rBCG,and their body weights were monitored.eWAT was isolated from the mice,and the stromal vascular fractions(SVFs)cell number was counted with a hemocytometer.Sections of mouse adipose tissue were prepared,and the size,number,and morphology of eWAT adipocytes and crown-like structure(CLS)formation were compared under a microscope after HE staining.The transcription levels of lipid metabolism-associated factors,cytokines and aging-associated genes in each group were determined with qRT-PCR.The body weights of mice gradually increased after immunization with BCG and rBCG.The proportions of eWAT increased,and the SVFs cell number decreased,in rBCG immunized mice.HE staining indicated that BCG immunization promoted hyperplasia,whereas rBCG immunization promoted hypertrophy of eWAT adipocytes;moreover,both BCG and rBCG immunization induced CLS formation in eWAT.The qRT-PCR results indicated that rBCG immunization inhibited the expression of genes associated with lipolysis and energy expenditure in eWAT.BCG immunization had little effect on cytokine transcription,whereas rBCG significantly induced the transcription of IFN-γ and IL-1Ra,and inhibited that of IL-15 and IL-2,but did not induce the expression of aging-associated genes.Thus,rBCG immunization induced eWAT adipocyte hypertrophy,which was associated with the inhibition of eWAT lipolysis and the regulation of cytokine expression.

BACKGROUND:Dental follicle cells are widely used in periodontal tissue regeneration engineering because of their excellent characteristics.With the development of biological scaffold materials,their relationship with periodontal tissue regeneration technology is increasingly close.OBJECTIVE:To review the performance of ivory follicle cells under the influence of internal and external biological factors by different experiments,and analyze their effects on the biological characteristics of dental follicle cells with scaffold materials.METHODS:Using"dental follicle cell,scaffolds,material,periodontal tissue regeneration,tissue engineering,review"as English and Chinese key words,the articles published in PubMed,Sciencedirect,and CNKI from 2013 to 2023 were searched,and finally 95 articles were included for analysis and discussion.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Dental follicle cells originate from dental follicle tissue,which has certain stem cell differentiation potential.Because of its excellent performance,it is actively used in periodontal tissue regeneration engineering research.(2)The proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of dental follicle cells are affected by many biological factors,and both endogenous and exogenous factors can promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of dental follicle cells to a certain extent.(3)3D printing technology and nanotechnology enable researchers to manufacture more suitable scaffold materials.(4)Polymer materials show us their flexibility and plasticity in periodontal tissue regeneration.We can manufacture targeted scaffold materials according to different defect sites to achieve efficient tissue regeneration.The good biocompatibility of inorganic materials makes them widely used in periodontal tissue regeneration engineering.By adjusting the content of nanoscale inorganic materials or improving the performance of scaffolds,scaffolds with better biocompatibility can be prepared.(5)There are many new synthetic(composite)materials,which show us excellent characteristics.However,because the mechanism of biological factors in scaffold materials on dental follicle cells is complicated,and the research on dental follicle cells is mostly concentrated on in vitro culture,so how to make scaffold materials more suitable for the growth and development of dental follicle cells and apply them safely and effectively in clinical treatment is the future research direction.

Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of inspiratory muscle training(IMT)on weaning outcomes in patients with weaning failure.Methods Literatures in Chinese and English were retrieved from databases such as PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Embase,CNKI,VIP,Wanfang data and CBM for researches on the effect of IMT in mechanical ventila-tion weaning failure,from the inception of the databases to October 22,2024.The methodological quality of the researches was evaluated with PEDro scale,and data were extracted for a systematic review.Results Nine randomized controlled trials were included,published between 2011 and 2023,from Brazil,China,the United States,Iran and Australia,with a total of 499 patients.The scores of the PEDro scale ranged five to eight.The population included patients with prolonged weaning,difficult weaning and tracheostomy.The IMT methods included threshold load training and tapered flow resistance training.The training intensity was 30%to 80%of maximal inspiratory pressure(MIP),and some researches did not set the training intensity based on MIP.The pro-gression of intensity varied widely across researches.The intervention frequency ranged from five to 30 breaths per set,with at least one minute rest between sets,two to six sets per session,one to two sessions per day,and five to seven days per week.The duration of the intervention ranged from successful weaning,one week after weaning,extubation,or four days to eight weeks.Regarding the efficacy of the intervention,IMT was not benefi-cial for the duration of mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit(ICU)length of stay on weaning failure pa-tients.However,the effect of IMT on weaning successful rates,duration of weaning,MIP and mortality was in-consistent.Conclusion IMT can not improve the duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay for weaning failure pa-tients,and there is still debate regarding its effect on successful rate of weaning,duration of weaning,MIP and mortality.

Purpose To investigate the expression of SNRPA in gastric cancer and its effect on the proliferation,migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells.Methods The expression of SNRPA in gastric cancer tissues was ana-lyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database.The level of SNRPA was detected by immunohistochemistry(EnVision method),and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters was analyzed.Western blot was used to detect the expression of SNRPA in 15 cases of fresh gastric cancer and paracancerous tissues.The expression of SNRPA in MGC-803 and GES-1 cells was detected by immunofluorescence staining.The effects of SNRPA expression on the proliferation,migration and invasion of gastric cancer cell lines were determined by RNA interference technology and cell function assays,and the expression levels of Cyclin D1 protein and EMT-related proteins(E-cadherin,N-cadher-in)were detected by Western blot.Results The expression level of SNRPA in gastric cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal gastric mucosal tissues(P＜0.05),with an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.902 for diag-nostic accuracy.The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the survival time of the group with high expression of SNRPA was shorter.SNRPA expression correlated with tumor size,Ki67,infiltration depth,and p53 status(P＜0.05).Compared with the corresponding control group,SNRPA silencing inhibited the proliferation,migration and in-vasion ability of gastric cancer cells,accompanied by decreased Cyclin D1 and N-cadherin expression and increased E-cadherin expression(P＜0.05).Conclusion SNRPA expression is upregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines,promoting the proliferation,migration,and invasion of gastric cancer cells,and may be a potential molecular marker for gastric cancer.

Objective:To analyze the attributable burden of active smoking on the deaths of cancer in inhabitants aged 30 years and above in Zhejiang Province.Methods:Comparative risk assessment approach in the Global Burden of Disease Study was used with the data from Zhejiang Adult Tobacco Surveillance System and Death Monitoring Surveillance System in 2020, and population attributable fraction (PAF), years of life lost (YLL), work of potential years of life lost (WPYLL) attributed to smoking on the deaths of cancer in inhabitants aged 30 years and above in Zhejiang Province were calculated with a linear regression model.Results:In 2020, there were 81 536 cancer deaths aged 30 years and above in the surveillance areas of Zhejiang Province, of which 24 518 were attributed to active smoking (PAF: 30.07%, attributable mortality rate: 55.04/100 000). The YLL was 553 078 person-years, with a standardized YLL rate of 12.40‰, and the WPYLL was 56 606 person-years. Among various cancer types, laryngeal cancer had the highest smoking-attributable PAF (44.75%), while lung cancer accounted for the most significant number of attributable deaths and life loss, with an age-standardized YLL rate of 4.65‰.Conclusions:Active smoking is a significant risk factor for cancer mortality in Zhejiang Province, with lung cancer posing the most significant disease burden. It is urgent to advance tobacco control legislation, strengthen targeted interventions, and promote early cancer screening to reduce the disease burden associated with smoking-related cancers effectively.