China ; Humans ; Tinnitus

Primary hypophysitis includes 3 subtypes:lymphocytic,granulomatous and xanthomatous hypophysitis. The primary hypophysitis has a low morbidity and the final diagnosis is mostly determined based on the pathological findings after operation.Now it is considered as an organ specific autoimmune disease.Its clinical manifestations and imaging features are similar to hypophyseal tumor,but the endocrine and pathologic features are different.Glucocortieoid pulse therapy and surgery are the two methods of treatment.

Objective: To study the effect of rat neural stem cells on C6 glioma cell proliferation and to explore the possible mechanism. Methods: We co-cultured neural stem cells with C6 glioma cells at different ratios (1:1[2×10 5:2× 105], 1:5[4×104: 2×105], 5:1 [2×105:4×104]) in serum-free medium using Transwell chamber culture system for 7 days, and C6 glioma cells cultured alone served as controls. The tumorigenic ability of C6 glioma cells was observed by means of SCID mice transplantation. RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis were used to examine the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (BMP2, c-Myc, Bcl-2 and p53 mRNA) and Wnt signal molecules (β-catenin and survivin). Results: Compared with the experimental group, the tumor cells in the tissue section of the control group had a higher malignant degree, with more mitoses, higher nuclear/cytoplasm ratio, and there were abundant single- or multi-core giant tumor cells in the tissue section. With the increase of neural stem cell proportion in the co-culture system, the tumor cell atypia degree decreased gradually, the expression of p53 mRNA in C6 glioma cells increased gradually, the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2, Bcl-2, and c-Myc mRNA was decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the expression of β-catenin, survivin protein was decreased significantly(P<0.05). Conclusion: Rat neural stem cells may inhibit the tumorigenicity of C6 glioma cells by promoting apoptosis through Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Humans ; Tinnitus

Humans ; Noise, Occupational ; Occupational Exposure

AIM: To investigate the indications and therapeutic effect of the conservative treatment and surgical treatment for vitreous hemorrhage.
METHODS: Hemorrhage reasons, degree of illness, and treatment and final results of vitreous hemorrhage were recorded from 2008 to 2013, and curative effect of different treatments was analyzed.
RESULTS:Selected 22 cases ( 24 eyes ) of conservative treatment, vision degree of 6 eyes ( 25%) had raised, 5 eyes ( 21%) occurred secondary retinal detachment without treatment, 3 eyes (12. 5%) suffered neovascular glaucoma were underwent operation, but the vision had lost completely. In 26 cases ( 31 eyes ) of control (operation) group, vision of 17 eyes (55%) had improved, 2 eyes (6. 5%) suffered the second operation, 2 eyes (6. 5%) suffered the third surgery, 3 eyes (10%) suffered eyeball atrophy. The number of ultimate vision improved with conservative treatment were significantly lower than the number of cases with surgical treatment (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: The surgical treatment is still visible vitreous hemorrhage treatment means of positive, but there will be eyeball atrophy and other serious complications, so we should choose a different methods in according to the different treatment objects and treatment time.

Objective: To analyze relevant ethical issues in safeguarding the right of informed consent among patients with cancer in the course of medical treatment and convalescence,so as to protect their legal right of informed consent and provide a more rational and humanistic medical treatment and nursing.Methods: Phenomenological method was adopted in this research and 13 subjects who met our criteria were interviewed randomly.Results: After reading,analyzing,introspecting,and classifying the data,8 themes of relevant ethical issues are concluded for the right of informed consent among patients with cancer in the course of medical treatment and convalescence,including the informed consent right of independent hospitalization,the informed consent right on one's own illness state,the informed consent right on medical insurance,the informed consent right on medical risks,the informed consent right on therapeutic schedule,the informed consent right on medical documents,the informed consent right on inspection,and family member's rights of informed consent.Conclusion: In order to provide a more rational and humanistic medical treatment and nursing for patients with cancer,relevant ethical issues of patients' informed consent right must be stressed and well settled,so as to better preserve patients' rights of informed consent.

Objective To investigate the incidence of candidal colonization and to analyze its risk factors in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs). Methods Throat swabs, midstream urine and anal swabs from 153 patients with CTDs and 63 healthy volunteers were collected for fungus culture. The logistic regression was completed via the software package SPSS 11.0. Results The incidence rate of candidal colonization was higher in the patients than that in the healthy controls (35.29% vs 7.59%). Of all the isolated fungus strains, the proportion of Candida albicans was the highest. The logistic regression analysis revealed that decrease of blood erythrocytes, increase of urine protein, decrease of complements such as CH50, C3 and C4 in serum, high daily dosage of corticosteroids and broad-spectrum antibiotic administration all significantly increased the risk of candidal colonization (all P 0.05). Conclusions The incidence rate of candidal colonization in patients with CTDs is higher than that in healthy controls. Avoiding the risk factors will help to decrease the incidence of candidal colonization in CTDs.

Objective To identify the therapeutic effect and safety of mini -percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with antegrade modular flexible ureteroscope for the treatment of staghorn stone.Methods The clinical data of 116 patients with staghorn calculi who underwent mini -percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with antegrade modular flexible ureteroscope were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 116 patients,63 cases were men,53 cases were women .Age ranged from 2 5 to 6 7 years .The diameter ofcalculi ranged from 4 6 to 9 8 (mean =4 6 )mm .There were 63 large complete staghorn renal calculi in these patients.Results All procedures were performed successfully using a single lithotripsy tract.The mean surgical time was (125.4 ±30.0)minutes.The initial stone -free rate was 81.03%(94 /116).Twenty -two cases had several residual calculi from 12 to 25mm.Post -procedure complications included hemorrhage in 9 patients,fever(>38.5 ℃)in four patients,and reactive pleural effusion in one patient. Blood loss requiring transfusion,sepsis,adjacent organ injury and kidney loss were not observed.Conclusion Mini -percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with antegrade modular flexible ureteroscope has good therapeutic effect in treating renal staghorn calculi,since the technique in treating the renal staghorn calculi makes the operation period shorter,the rate of stone -free higher,the operation wounds smaller,the rate of complication lower,the rate of surrounding organ injury less.

Objective:This study was aimed to investigate the value of osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF) and osteoclastogen-esis inhibitory factor (OCIF) detection for clinical diagnosis and assessment of patient condition in bone metastasis of lung cancer. Methods:Data from 186 lung cancer patients who were preliminary diagnosed between July 2009 and April 2012 were analyzed. Cas-es were divided into the bone metastasis group with 82 cases (group A) and the non-bone metastasis group with 104 cases (group B). Concentrations of serum ODF and OCIF in each group were detected by ELISA. Results: ODF and OCIF values of group A were (32.22±6.22) ng/L and (41.23±8.13) ng/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than the corresponding values in group B [(8.35 ±5.42) ng/L and (10.15±4.42) ng/L]. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.01). Areas under the re-ceiver operating characteristic curves of ODF and OCIF, which are used to diagnose bone metastasis in lung cancer, were 0.91 and 0.87, respectively, manifesting good diagnostic value. The sensitivity and specificity of ODF in diagnosing lung cancer with bone metastasis were 90.38%and 86.59%, respectively, and those of OCIF were 86.54%and 84.15%, respectively. ODF increased, whereas OCIF de-creased significantly, with increasing bone metastasis. ODF and OCIF concentrations in group A and the group with newly-found bone metastasis were significantly higher than those in group B, with statistically significant differences among these groups (P<0.01). Com-pared with group A, less difference was found in the ODF and OCIF of newly-found bone metastases, without statistical significance be-tween these groups (P>0.05). Conclusion:The serum ODF and OCIF concentrations significantly increase when bone metastasis oc-curs in lung cancer patients. Hence, these variables are useful as indices for monitoring bone metastases and evaluating patient condi-tion. An extensive application prospect is proposed.