Objective To find out if different doses of melatonin have different roles in the cause or treatment of idiopathic scoliosis, and to illuminate whether melatonin can be a substitution in the treatment of pinealectomized chickens. Methods Fifty Little-Shaoxing chickens, in which pinealectomy was performed when 3-day-old, were divided into five groups. Ten served as control group, were kept in light-dark (12h: 12h) cycle, 500 lx in daytime and 0-5 lx in nighttime after surgery. Ten served as M-5 group, were given 5 mg/kg (5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight) melatonin twice every day. Ten as M-10 group, given 10 mg/kg melatonin abdominally twice every day, ten as M-20 group, given 20 mg/kg melatonin twice every day, and ten as M-40 group, given 40 mg/kg melatonin twice every day. The light-dark (12h: 12h) cycle was the same as control group. Radiological examinations were performed on all chicken spines for scoliosis when at 3 months old. Measured of the angle of the scoliosis was taken by Cobb's technique, and the data was analyzed by statistical software. Results Overall, there was 25 chickens developed to scoliosis in all when the chickens were 3 months. The attack rate was only 56%; this rate was consistent throughout all experimental groups. In the control group, 6 chickens had obvious scoliosis, and 5 in M-5 group, 5 in M-10 group, 4 in M-20 group, and 5 in M-40 Group. And the average Cobb's angle of control group was 26.7?. There were 23.5?, 21.7?, 24.5? and 23.2? in M-5, M-10, M-20 and M-40 respectively. There was no statistical significance in the average Cobb's angle and the incidence of scoliosis among all groups. It was determined that neither the prevalence nor the pattern of the scoliosis was affected by the therapy in any of the experimental groups. Conclusion Different dose of melatonin can't reduce the rate of scoliosis in the pinealectomized chickens, and also can't prevent the development of the experimental scoliosis. The results of this study raise doubts regarding the role of melatonin in the development of scoliosis after pinealectomy in the young chicken. Melatonin acting as a vicarious therapeutic tool in the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis is premature, deserved further research.

Objective To summarize treatment experiences of microsurgical clipping for anterior communicating artery aneurysm via pterional approach.Methods Clinical data of 82 cases undergoing microsurgical clipping for anterior communicating artery aneurysm via pterional approach in the first affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University from October 2008 to December 2014 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into different groups by Hunt-Hess illness grading scale,with 11 cases for level 0,7 cases for level Ⅰ,30 cases for level Ⅱ,25 cases for level Ⅲ,8 cases for level Ⅳ,and 1 cases for level Ⅴ.Twenty-one patients underwent operation at early stage of SAH (＜3d),15 at late stage of SAH (4d～2W),and 35 at prolonged stage of SAH (＞2W).The prognosis of patients was evaluated according to GOS classification criteria at discharge.Results A total of 85 ACoAA were found in 82 patients and all of them were clipped and,at the same time,3 aneurysms were resected and 11 thrombuses were punctured,cut and removed.In the operation,15 (17.6％) aneurysms ruptured again and temporary blocking happened for 73 times,with the shortest blocking time of 2 rmin,the longest of 40 rmin,and the average of 9.26min.According to GOS score,good recovery rate was 79.3％ (65/82),moderate disability rate was 12.2％ (10/82),severe disability rate was 3.7％ (3/82),vegetative state rate was 0％,and death rate was 4.9％ (4/82).Good recovery rates for the operations at early,late and prolonged stage of SAH were 85.7％,73.3％ and 82.3％ respectively and for level 0 to level Ⅴ were 90.9％,85.6％,86.7％ and 84.0％,25.0％ and 0.0％ respectively.Results of DSA or CTA re-examination upon 55 patients followed-up at discharge or three months after discharge showed that tumor pedicle were clipped and aneurysm disappeared.Fifty cases were followed up from four months to seven years after the operation,with one case of aneurysm recurrence.Another thirty-two cases were lost to follow-up.ConclusiornS Microsurgical techniques and microdissection are keys to successful operation.Pterional approach can guarantee successful clipping of aneurysms with different directions,locations and sizes.It is also an easy,effective and reliable approach with less postoperative complications.Operation for anterior communicating artery aneurysm should be performed as early as possible.

BACKGROUND:Percutaneous kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral fractures with posterior vertebral wal breakage can relieve pain rapidly, but there is a risk of leakage of bone cement. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of bone filing mesh container in percutaneous kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral fractures with posterior vertebral wal breakage. METHODS: Forty senile patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were enroled, whose CT and MRI showed different degrees of posterior vertebral wal breakage, including 19 males (21 vertebral bodies) and 21 females (28 vertebral bodies), aged 50-87 years. These 40 patients were subjected to percutaneous kyphoplasty, and bone filing mesh container was used to deliver bone cement. Then, changes in visual analogue scale score, vertebral height and leakage of bone cement were observed in patients before and after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The surgery was successful in al the 40 patients, and no pulmonary embolism, cement leakage, and spinal cord and nerve root injuries appeared. Al the patients were folowed for 10-12 months. The visual analogue scale scores and vertebral height were improved significantly at both 1 week and 3 months after treatment compared with those before treatment, but there was no difference in the visual analogue scale scores and vertebral height at 1 week and 3 months after treatment. These findings indicate that percutaneous kyphoplasty with bone filing mesh container is effective to prevent bone cement leakage.

BACKGROUND:Intervertebral disc can bear load but lack vessels. Nucleus pulposus cel s have the problem of phenotype loss during in vitro culture that can lead to degenerative changes. The mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the approaches of isolation, adherence culture, amplification and identification of the rabbit nucleus pulposus cel s in vitro, to observe the growth characteristics of nucleus pulposus cel s in different generations.
METHODS:Type Ⅱ col agenase digestion method plus explants culture method was used to isolate and purify nucleus pulposus cel s and then amplify in vitro. The morphology and growth of primary and passaged cel s was observed under the inverted microscope, the number of cel s was counted and the growth curve was draw. The morphology of the cel s was observed under light microscope after hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the expressions of col agen type Ⅱ and aggrecan were examined by immunocytochemistry.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Nucleus pulposus cel s of rabbit were isolated, cultured and amplified in vitro successful y. Growth activity was observed, and found that the 1-3 generation nucleus pulposus cel s proliferated more rapidly and vigorously. The proliferation of nucleus pulposus cel s was decreased while the cel passaged more generations. These isolated and cultured nucleus pulposus cel s could positively express the col agen type Ⅱ and aggrecan. In vitro combination of type Ⅱ col agenase digestion method and explants culture method could obtain high purity nucleus pulposus cel s, and the cultured nucleus pulposus cel s were grew in round or polygonal. The 1-3 generation of cel s had strong activity.

Objective To investigate the current status, performance,challenges and demands of the health management service-related institutions in China so as to provide evidence for effective policy-making. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used in this report. The health management service-related institutions were identified based on web site searching and government business registration records. Web or mail-based questionnaire was used for data collection. Telephone interview was conducted to confirm the validity and reliability of the data. Results Of 5744 health management service-related institutions in China,585 were investigated for type of organization, personnel profile, business strategy and investment. Since 2000, the number of health management service-related institutions in China had kept increasing in an average rate of 52%. The services included physical check, health education, and disease intervention,etc. Conclusions In China,health management is still at its early stage although an increasing trend could be found and a large number of related- institutions have emerged. However, health management system in China still faces the challenge of poor professional services and insufficient healthcare providers.

The cell culture technology is the basis for the postgraduate students to undertake researches in furure.The department of cell biology of our university carried out the teaching reformation on the cell culture course by means of writing outstanding teaching materials, making supporting DVD, arranging suitable teaching contents and plans and setting up flexible examining systems, which promoted the teaching effects and profited students to master this skill quickly.

Objective To investigate the ischemic preconditioning time for inducing rat brain ischemia tolerance.Methods Procerebrum ischemic preconditioning injury was caused by occlusion of two-side common carotid artery for 10 minutes or 20 minutes,and subsequent cerebral ischemic injury was caused by occlusion of middle cerebral artery for 2 hours after 72 hours of reperfusion.The percentage of brain infarct size was calculated for the investigation of the proper ischemic preconditioning time for rat brain ischemia tolerance.Results Ischemic preconditionaing for 10 minutes and 20 minutes can reduce the percentage of brain infarct size significantly.The difference of the percentage of brain infarct size between 10-minute preconditioning group and 20-minute preconditioning group is insignificant,but the mean percentage of brain infarct size in 10-minute preconditioning group is less than that in 20-minute preconditioning group.Conclusion Ten minutes are the suitable time of ischemic preconditioning for rat brain ischemia tolerance.

AIM:To observe the effect of Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule on learning and memory,and expression of BDNF in brains of picrotoxin-kindled epilepsy rats. METHODS: The epilepsy rat model was established by picrotoxin in jection.The effects of Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule were observed on the model groups and compared with sodium valproate group and piracetam group.The behavior and emotion of epilepsy rats were observed by Action Observing Box.Its reactions were assessed by snatching rats with the gloves.The learning and memory abilities were tested after Morris water maze training.The brains were made into paraffin sections,processed for HE staining and Nissl staining.The expression levels of BDNF were measured by immunohistochemical S-P techniques. RESULTS: Taking Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule,the behavior and emotion of epilepsy rats were markedly improved.The escape latency of searching the platform were shortened and times of rats acrossing the original platform were increased.Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule could reduce neuron impairment and necrosis on the cordex and Hippocampus of epilepsy rats,improve the loss of Nissl bodies,increase BDNF positive remarks. CONCLUSION: Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule can markedly improve impairment of learning and memory in picrotoxin-kindle epilepsy rats,which might be the result of increaseing BDNF expression,the protection of Nissl bodies,making protein synthesize,improving neuron function.

Objective To explore the change of serum osteopontin levels in preoperative and postoperative patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its clinic significance.Methods The levels of serum osteopontin were detected by ELISA.Results In 88 NSCLC patients,serum osteopontin levels were significantly higher than in benign pulmonary disease and healthy control group(P＜0.05.P＜0.01.respectively) There was no difference between benign pulmonary disease and healthy control group(P＞0.05).Serum osteopontin levels were related to clinical stage and lymph node metastasis,and the levels of serum osteopontin were lower in postoperative patients than in preoperative cases(P＜0.05).For NSCLC.the detection of osteopontin had a sensitivity of 84.1%,a specificity of 92.5%,and an accuracy of 88.1%. Conclusion Increased serum levels of osteopontin may be useful as a helpful clinical biomarker to diagnose earlier,predict prognosis and differentiate from benign pulmonary disease.

Burkitt Lymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; SOXC Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism