0. 05), respectively. Conclusion: Repeated +Gz stress may disorder the ratio of ET and NO. This imbalance may be one of the causes which lead to pathology changes in masseter musscles.

Excessive and fast rise of medical expenses in China recent years has worsened the financial burden of both the government and individuals alike,making it a hotspot issue countrywide.To alleviate the difficulties of "accessibility to medical services" and "poverty or repoverty resulting from sickness" faced by the Chinese people at large,we built a multi-factor analysis model to identify key factors contributing to such a fast rise of medical expenses based on an analysis of the medical expenses in Shandong Province.In addition,we discussed the causes for GDP and headcount of medical staff in relation to the rise of medical expenses,and the strategies to curb expenses.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the inhibitive effect of Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with different parameters on dental caries formation in rats.MethodsWistar rats were infected with S.mutans to establish the rat caries mode 1.The rat's teeth were treated with 0.9% NS and 0.2% NaF as controls;laser,photosensitizer and laser plus photosensitizer,respectively as treated groups.Hematoporyrin monomethyl ether(HM ME) was used as photosensitizer and laser as the light source.The rats were sacrificed after five weeks.Keyes count was used to measure the inhibitory effect of PDT on dental caries.The surface morphology of the teeth was evaluated by scan electronic microscopy(SEM).Results The PDT-treated group and NaF-treated group showed significantly reduced Keyes scores compared with the negative controls (P＜0.05).The laser-treated group,photosensitizer-treated group and NS-treated group showed no significantly reduced Keyes scores compared with the negative controls (P＜0.05).The differences of Keyes scores between various parameter PDT treated groups were significant (P＜0.05).Additionally,Keyes scores reduced gradually with the increasing of laser power.The outcome of SEM showed that the teeth treated with different laser powers exhibited different changes in morphology.Conclusion HMMEPDT had significant inhibitive efficacy on caries development in rats and its inhibitory effect presented close correlation with the power of laser,which indicates that it is important to apply appropriate power in clinical treatment.

Objective To explore the expression and significance of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat 3), glucose transporter protein 1 (GluT-1) and proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PC NA) in lesions of condylomata acuminata (CA). Methods SP immunohistochemistry method was used to measure the expression of Stat 3, GluT-1 and PCNA in tissue samples from 40 cases of CA and 20 normal skin controls. Results The positivity rates of Stat 3, GluT-1 and PCNA were 85.0% (34/40), 87.5% (35/40) and 85.0%(34/40), respectively in CA tissue, 35.0% (7/20), 30.0% (6/20)and 55.0% (11/20),respectively in the control tissue; statistical difference was observed in these rates between the two groups (all P ＜ 0.05). The expression intensity of Stat 3, GluT-1 and PCNA was also higher in CA tissue than that in the controls. In addition, the expression intensity of PCNA was correlated with that of Stat 3 and GluT-1in CA tissue (both P＜ 0.05). Conclusions There is an overexpression of Star 3, GluT-1 and PCNA in CA tissue, and the overexpression of Stat 3 and GluT-1 may be associated with the over-proliferation of CA tissue.

Objective To review the clinical and laboratory features of tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Methods The clinical and laboratory data from 246 cases of TBM in Tuberculosis Treatment Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang Province from January 1,1999 to December 31,2005 were collected and analyzed with SPSS 15.0 software. Results In 246 TBM patients,203(82.5%)was of basilar meningitis, 170(69. 1%)complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis. Fever,nausea, vomiting and headache were common symptoms in TBM patients. PPD skin tests were positive in 155(63.0%)patients, but only 12(4.9%)were acid-fast bacillus smear-positive in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF test showed that the white blood cells[(320 - 880)× 106/L], protein(0. 95 - 13.8 g/L)were increased, while glucose(1.53 - 3.2 mmol/L)and chloride content(90 - 111 mmol/L)were decreased. Adenosine deaminase ≥8 U/L was observed in 230(93.5%)patients, and 185(75.2%)patients were tuberculosis antibody positive. Eighty-one(32. 9%)patients showed nodular or annular shadows in cranial CT. After comprehensive therapy, 242(98.4%)patients recovered or improved and no sequela was observed, while 4(1.6%)patients died. Conclusion Early diagnosis of TBM should be based on clinical manifestations, changes of cerebrospinal fluid, imaging examination and PPD test.

Objective To understand the levels of psychological distress in patients with lung cancer,and analyze the reason and influential factors. Methods The general information of the patients and the distress thermometer(DT) were used to carry out the cross-sectional study in 117 patients with lung cancer received treatments from September 2013 to January 2014. Results The score of psychological distress in patients with lung cancer was (3.10±1.70) points,and 56 patients (47.9%) had the significant psychological distress (DT score≥4 points). The main cause of lung cancer psychological distress ranking in the top 10, in turn, was fear, pain, fatigue, sleep problems, fear, tension, economic problems, eating, breathing, constipation. Mutiple linear regression analysis showed that the number of chemotherapy, age, vocation could affect the total score of distress. Conclusions The patients with lung cancer have obvious psychological distress. Emotional and physical problems of the patients are the main reason of psychological distress of patients with lung cancer.The number of chemotherapy,age,vocation of the patients are related to the psychological distress of patients with lung cancer.

Objective To analyze the protein expression changes of retina in diabetic mice using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) approach and to study proteins of apoptosis.Methods 8 diabetic mice were chosen as the diabetic model group (DM group),8diabetic mice as the normal control group.The animals were housed in wire-bottomed cages and received normal pellet chow and tap water in a constant environment.After 10 weeks,all mice were killed,and their retina were dissected.After hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) staining,the sections of retina were examined using light microscopy.The changes of protein expression in retina were studied using iTRAQ approach.Expression of apoptosis associated proteins was analyzed using ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA).Results Compared with control group,mice retina in DM group developed looser structures,tissue edema and obvious telangiectasia under light microscopy.Using iTRAQ approach,a total of 348 differential proteins were identified.Among those proteins,16 proteins were related with apoptosis,including Ataxin-10,Protein NDRG1,mucin-4,Aquaporin-1 and annexin A4,etc.There were 8 apoptosis-related proteins in retina with up-regulation,and the other 8 proteins with down-regulation in the DM group.The relationship between these proteins were analyzed and charted by IPA.Conclusions Apoptosis may be involved in the development of diabetic retinopathy.The identification of the apoptosis-related proteins will be helpful for the further study.

Objective:To investigate the rationality of anti-fungal agents for deep fungal infection used in one hospital and the effects of national rectification of antimicrobial drugs. Methods: The retrospective analysis method was used to survey the inpatients administrated anti-fungal agents for deep fungal infection from April 2010 to Mard 2012, and assessed the rationality. Results:The ir-rational utilization of anti-fungal agents for deep fungal infection included loading dosage lack during the treatment,inappropriate loading dosage and administration frequency. The irrational utilization of anti-fungal agents for deep fungal infection was decreased significantly (P<0. 05)after the national rectification of antimicrobial drugs. Conclusion:After the national rectification of antimicrobial drugs, the hospital can amtrol the irrational use of anti-fungal agents to some extent, while still needs more management and education.

Objective To explore the prevalence and related factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (FTSD) among nurses who took part in rescue of 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake after two years.Methods The PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) was used to diagnose PTSD among nurses from Mianzhu,one of the city where the earthquake happened.Results Totally 223 subjects finished the evaluation.The incidence rate of PTSD among the nurses was 1.7％(PCL-C＞50),and 8.2％ people had different degree of post-traumatic stress disorder.Comparing the three symptom clusters,hyper-arousal was the most prominent one.Different age,professional position,marriage,health condition significantly influenced the prevalence of PTSD.The risk factors of PTSD was bad health condition and being divorced or widowed.Conclusions The nurses still showed some symptoms of PTSD two years after the earthquake,individualized psychological intervention should be applied to them.

In the present study, the effect of serum (fetal bovine serum, FBS) on cellular uptake behaviors of DNA tetrahedron (TDNs) was investigated.Fluorescence-labeled TDNs were synthesized by self-assembly and purified with HPLC to achieve TDNs product with purity of 95%.By means of flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, the kinetics of TDNs endocytosis in HeLa cells in the presence or absence of FBS was compared.The results showed that TDNs remained intact in complete medium and cell lysate for more than 12 hours.FBS increased the amount of internalized TDNs in HeLa cells, whereas it did not change the route of caveolin-dependent endocytosis.Herein, our study provided a new insight into the effects of biomolecules on the interaction between cells and DNA nanostructures, which helped the future development of DNA-based intracellular nanocarriers.