Microglia, the main innate immune cells in the central nervous system, takes part in lots of physiological and pathological processes in the brain.It not only maintains brain homeostasis but also participates in the process of brain injury and repair under pathological conditions.In developmental brain, microglial synaptic pruning may eliminate weaker synapses and retain stronger synapses.Synaptic pruning also plays a vital role in mediating the formation of neural circuit under physiological condition, contributes to cell and myelin debris clearance, promotes maturation of oligodendrocytes, which surround the bare axon to form myelin sheath, and helps the regeneration of neurons and synapses.Recently, increasing number of studies on microglial synaptic pruning has advanced our understanding of the underlying mechanism for synaptic pruning and its relevant physiological functions.Here, we reviewed microglial synaptic pruning function and its potential regulatory mechanisms in brain under physiological and pathological conditions.

Objective To investigate the physical and mechanical properties of home-made bone cement mixed with different antibiotics.Methods The specimens of bone cement each of 40g were divid-ed in to6groups depending on mixed antibiotics,groupⅠmixed with1g gentamicin,groupⅡwith2g gen tam icin,groupⅢwith1g cephradine,groupⅣwith1.5g cefuroxine,groupⅤwith1g ceftriaxone and groupⅥwith out any antibiotics served as control.The dough time,compressing depth,compressive strength,bending strength and bending elastic modulus were measured respectively,elution examination of antibiotics from bone ce ment was performed by chromatography.Results The dough time and compress-ing depth of the groups were better than that of ISO5833standard,and there was no significant difference a-mong the groups.The com pressive strength and bending strength of the groupⅡwere lower than that ISO5833standard,but there was no significant difference among the groups by analysis of variance.The bending elastic modulus of the groupⅡwas lower than the control group and other groups(P

Clinical data of 2 children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in the Department of Pediatrics of Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital from April 2018 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Patient 1 was an 11-year-old girl with no history of recurrent respiratory infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found in the first sputum culture.A large number of yellow and white secretions were visible under repeated fiberoptic bronchoscopy.Chest CT showed multiple spots and tree-in-bud signs around the bronchi of both lungs. CFTR gene test results revealed 3 heterozygous mutations: c.2909G>A (chr7: 117246728), c.*133T>A (chr7: 117307295) and c. *125delT (chr7: 117307285). The other patient was a 7-year-old boy with a history of recurrent respiratory infections.His parents were close relatives.Multiple cultures of sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the boy were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and chest CT suggested dilation and inflammation in bronchi of both lungs.Gene detection showed that the c. 380T>G homozygous mutation at chromosome chr7-117171059 resulted in an amino acid change p. leu127stop (nonsense mutation). This article suggests that CF should be considered for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected children having signs of bronchiectasis on chest CT and a large number of secretions under bronchoscopy.Besides, it is necessary for such kind of children to perform genetic testing in time to confirm the diagnosis as soon as possible.

To discuss the situation of country doctors' training in Honghe State of Yunnan Province and to search the more useful training methods, the 171 trainees were surveyed by self-designed questionnaire. It appeared that most students improved knowledge and clinical skills obviously and they wanted more knowledge and case analysis and training of clinic skills.

Radiotherapy is an important therapy for uterine cervical cancer and plays a great role in improving the outcome in uterine cervical cancer patients. The high frequency subject headings/subheadings in papers on radio-therapy for uterine cervical cancer in the past 10 years were analyzed by co-occurrence clustering analysis to dis-play the hot spots and a strategic coordinate figure was plotted to show the developing tendency of its hot spots in studies on radiotherapy for uterine cervical cancer in order to provide reference for its-related studies.

Objective To investigate the effects of arsenic trioxide(As2O3)combined with ascorbic acid(AA) on the apoptosis and differentiation of myelocytic leukaemia cells.Methods The acute promyelecytic leukaemia cell lines (NB4 and MR2)and erythroleukemia cell line(KS62)were cultured in vitro.Grouping wasbased on different concentration of As2O3(0,0.1,0.2,0.5,1.0 μmol/L),which WaS used a8 control groups.Then,AA(113.0μmol/)was added into each group.Cell morphologic changes of cell lines NB4,MR2 and K562 were observed under light microscope;The apoptosis symbols [Annexin V(+)/PI(-),Annexin V(+)/PI(+)]and differentiation symbols(CD11b and CD33)were detected by flow cytometry 96 hours later.Results

AIM: To make evaluation on fluid resuscitation with either hypertonic saline(HS) or dextran 40(Dx) on pancreatic microthrombi and dysfunction of microcirculation in rats with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).METHODS: SD rats were allocated into 4 groups randomly,ie.SAP group,HS group,Dx group,which respectively received normal saline(NS,4 mL/kg),HS(4 mL/kg),Dx(4 mL/kg) for 2 h by the tail intravenous injection consecutively after being made as SAP animal models,and operate sham group(OS).12 h after the operation,all animals were blooded to assess the serum amylase levels,plasma D-dimer,von Willebrand factor and GMP-140 levels.The amount of ascites was measured and the samples of the pancreas were collected for pathologic examination under light microscopy as well as transmission electron microscope.The numbers of pancreatic microthrombi were also counted with microscopy.RESULTS:(1) 12 h later when the rats were sacrificed,the survival rate in SAP group was the lowest,significantly lower than that in the 2 fluid resuscitation groups(P

Objective To investigate experience in nursing the patients with emergency traumatic injury combined with postoperative atelectasis. Method The clinical data of 11 patients with emergency traumatic injury combined with postoperative atelectasis were reviewed for summarizing the nursing experience. Result The clinical symptoms of all the 11 patients disappeared and the lungs reexpanded. Conclusion Careful observation of the disease conditions in order to prevent and treat atelectasis by airway humidification, sputum drainage and early exercises are effective for the cure of postoperative atelectasis.

Background Establising the culture model of Müller cells for obtaining the highly putified target cells is essential for the study about the physiology and pathology of retinal Müller cells. The exsiting purifing method for culturing Müller cells is dissatisfactory. Objective This study was to establish a method to obtain high purifing Müller cells. Methods The retina from 5 clean newborn SD rats were isolated and digested by 0. 01% trypsin and cultured in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum. The cellular suspension was then prepared,and the target cells were screened using flow cytometry based on the size and the quantity of cells. Cultured and passaged cells were identified by transmission electron microscope and light microscope. Immunocytochemistry was used to detecte the expression of GFAP in cultured cells for the determination of type and purity of the cells. Results The cells showed the similar shape to retinal Müller cells after primarily culture with the large volume, and some small other types of cells could been seen. The growth of cells was quickly 3 weeks later. The fibroblasts were removed using sticking-wall by steps,and neurons were eliminated following passage. Aboundent of cellular organs were seen under the transmission electron microscope. The positive response rate of the cells for CFAP was 100%. Conclution Flow cytometry offer a rapid and feasible approach for purifying Muller cell and it builds the foundation for further study about Müller cells.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality creteria of Dendrobium denneanum cultivated in Sichuan.METHODS: The reference substance had been isolated and identified.HPLC and TLC were applied for determination and identification respectively.RESULTS: The coumarin control had been successfully isolated and the TLC spots were clear.The linear range of coumarin was 0.096～0.480 ?g with an average recovery of 99.1%(RSD=1.44%,n=6).CONCLUSION: The results can overall reflect the internal quality of D.denneanum cultivated in Sichuan and provide basis for quality evaluation and development of D.denneanum from Sichuan.