Objective In order to explore the effectiveness of defluoride project on the control of endemic fluorosis in Yantai economic & technological development area. Methods Nine hundred forty-five children aged 7-12 were selected in 4 endemic fluorosis disease areas (Guxian,Bajiao,Dajijia Streets and Changjiang community) and the control area of Yantai economic & technological development area. Prevalence of children's dental fluorosis was determined by Dean method. Water fluoride content was measured in the 4 endemic fluomsis disease area by means of fluorides ion selective electrode. Results Childr dental fluorosis prevalence rate in Guxian,Bajiao,Dajijia Streets and Changjiang community was respectively 30.1% (55/183),41.2% (73/177),33.7% (66/196),31.8% (64/201),higher than those in the control area [13.3% (25/188)]; the median of water fluoride in the 4 disease areas was 1.84,3.46,2.39,2.10 mg/L,respectively,higher than the National Health on the control of endemic fluorosis is not obvious,Standard (1.00 mg/L). Conclusions Effect of the defluoride project in Yantai economic & technological development area needs to be improved.

OBJECTIVE To establish an in vitro screening system for activin receptor-like kinase 4,5 and 7 (ALK4,ALK5 and ALK7) inhibitors.METHODS The insect expression systems for kinase domain of ALK4,5,7 and Smad2/3 proteins were established using the Bac to Bac baculovirus expression system.The desired proteins were expressed in Sf9 insect cells and purified by GST affinity.The screening system was composed of the kinase,Smad3 protein,ATP as well as the compound.The impact of the compound on the activities of ALK kinase domains was examined by measuring the amount of remnant ATP in the system as ALKs catalyzed the phosphorylation of Smad3 protein and consumed ATP during the process.The screening conditions were optimized,and validation of the screening system was conducted using known ALKs inhibitors.RESULTS All the reconstructed Bacmids were identified to be correct by PCR and restriction enzyme digestion.All the proteins were expressed in Sf9 insect cells after transfection,and purified proteins were achieved by GST affinity purification.For the screening system,the optimized kinase concentration and Smad3 concentration were 10 mg· L-1 and the optimized ATP concentration was 10 nmol·L-1.The Z'factor for ALK4,ALK5,and ALK7 kinase inhibitors screening system was 0.71,0.51 and 0.74,respectively.The well-known ALK inhibitor SB431542 inhibited the catalytic activities of ALK4,ALK5,and ALK7 with IC50 values of 22,188 and 91 nmol· L-1,respectively.CONCLUSION The in vitro screening system for ALK4,ALK5 and ALK7 inhibitors is successfully established.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in localization and etiologic diagnosis of suspected pacemaker-related infection(SPRI).Methods Fifteen SPRI patients (10males,5 females,age range:45-86 years) were included in this retrospectively study.18F-FDG uptake in device-related region and abnormal 18F-FDG uptake out of the device region were visually interpreted.Final diagnosis was decided according to modified Duke's criteria and imaging interpretation.Diagnostic efficiency of 18 F-FDG PET/CT on SPRI was evaluated.Results Of 7 patients with suspected pocket infection,5 patients had hot spot of 18F-FDG in the pocket site,either in superficial skin and/or deep soft tissue.Of 9 patients with suspected infective endocarditis,a diffuse FDG uptake was demonstrated in 3 patients in the area of left atrium,right atrium,and right ventricle;another 3 patients had abnormal FDG uptake in other sites rather than in the implantation regions,and the rest 3 showed negative PET/CT results.In patients with SPRI,18F-FDG PET/CT diagnosed 7 cases of pocket infection,8 cases of infective endocarditis,14 cases of pacemaker-related infection.Conclusions 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging is useful in localization and etiologic diagnosis in SPRI patients.It might guide the clinical SPRI management.

Objective To study the value of laparoscope in the diagnosis and treatment of high cryptorchidism. Methods 21 testes in 19 patients were performed by intraperitoneal exploration and cryptorchidopexy. Results The testes of 11 cases were located in inferior extremity of kidneys and the ones of 8 cases in superior part of internal rings.15 testes were fixed in the bottom of scrotums and 4 ones in abdominal cavity for secondary operation; absent testis was found in 1 case; 1 testis was removed due to testis dysplasia. Scrotum emphysema and hematoma occurred in 3 and 1 patients respectively. Wounds of 19 cases healed well postoperatively. 15 patients had been followed up for (3～10) months with an average of 6 months and they recovered well. Conclusions The diagnosis and treatment of high cryptorchidism by means of laparoscope has the advantages of minimal invasion, less bleeding, quicker recovery and no serious complications.

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of transanal coloanal pull-through with resection of the internal anal sphincter in neonates and infants with Hirschsprung's disease.Methods Transanal coloanal pull-through with resection of the internal anal sphincter was performed on 101 neonates or infants with Hirschsprung's disease in our hospital.An incision slightly longer than one-half of the rectal circumference was made at the dentate line.Then,the muscular layer of the anterior rectal wall was dissected and separated upwards from the submucosal layer;meanwhile that of the posterior wall was also separated upwards along the rectal longitudinal muscles.After the muscular layer was separated to the level of the peritoneal reflection,a radial operation was performed by resecting the internal anal sphincter and muscle sheath of the posterior rectal wall.Results The operation was accomplished successfully in all the patients with less than 10 ml of intraoperative blood loss.The operation time ranged from 45 to 190 min(mean,90 min).No complications,including urine retention,incision infection,and anastomotic stenosis,occurred.Two patients(2/86,2.3%) developed enterocolitis after the operation.The incidence of fecal soiling was 27%(22/82) at 2 months after the operation,and then decreased to 4%(3/82) at 6 months.Anorectal manometry was performed on 78 patients at 1,2,3,and 6 months postoperatively.The results demonstrated that the anal resting pressure after the operation was significantly lower than that before the operation(P

Objective To evaluate the immune reconstruction of patients with advanced gastric cancer treated by autologous peripheral blood stem cells following chemotherapy. Methods 54 patients with advanced stage of gastric cancer were accepted arterial chemotherapy under the guidance of DSA with the regimen of high dosage of EAP (VP16 100 mg/m 2, topmycine60 mg/m 2 and carplatine200 mg/m 2). Among them 20 patients underwent autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation after 48 hours of the chemothrapy. Results Effective rate of EAP arterial chemotherapy combined with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation was up to 85.0% (17/20) in advanced gastric cancer, 29.3% (10/34) in control group ( P

Objective To study the effect of morphine used in epidural anesthesia on puerpera after cesarean section and the safety of morphine to neonate. Method One hundred puerpera undergone cesarean section were randomly divided into test group and control group with continuous 2% lidocaine epidural anesthesia, as soon as the operation were finished, 2 mg morphine was injected into vacum epidurale for test group, nothing for control group. Colostrum and plasma, urine samples of puerpera and neonate were collected, morphine and metabolite level were tested by GC-MS and FPIA. Result Morphine concentrations ranged from 0.05). Conclusion As the epidural analgesia medicine after cesarean section, morphine has no side-effect to neonate and is safe to neonate.

Objective To observe the effect of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) on thyroid peroxidase activity and the expression of mRNA in primary porcine thyrocytes, and approach its possible mechanism. Methods In vitro cultured porcine thyrocytes were divided into 0 μg/L(control group), 2, 5, and 10 μg TGF-β1/L groups.After cultured for 72 h, the cell survival rate was measured with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) activity was measured by guaiacol method. The expression of TPO mRNA was determined cell survival rates of 2, 5, 10 μg/L groups(85.26%, 75.14% and 63.21%) were significantly lower(all P < 0.05 ).significantly decreased as compared with the control group [(2.143 ± 0.102), all P < 0.05)], and the TPO of TGF-β1, the lower the expression of TPO mRNA [(0.875 ± 0.078), (0.466 ± 0.044), (0.273 ± 0.007)] compared with the control group[(1.419 ± 0.148), all P < 0.05)]. Conclusions The inhibiting effect of TGF-β1 on primary cultured porcine thyrocytes may be related to its mechanism of inhibiting TPO activity and reduced mRNA expression.

Antiangiogenic therapy is an essential approach in the treatment of malignant tumors along with the development of preci-sion medicine. However, the occurrence of antiangiogenic therapy-induced hypertension, which is the most common toxicity of this agent, influences its broad clinical use (in some cases). Researches on its mechanisms, prevention, and management, have been con-ducted, but clinical guidelines or expert consensuses have not been reached. In this review, we presented the epidemiology, current re-search status, and systematic management of antiangiogenic therapy-induced hypertension.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods From January 2009 to December 2011,the data of 294 hospitalized patients diagnosed as liver cirrhosis were retrospectively analyzed.PVT was diagnosed according to multislices spiral computed tomography or color doppler ultrasonography.Fifty-five patients with liver cirrhosis and PVT were in PVT group,239 patients with liver cirrhosis however no PVT were in non-PVT group.Age,gender,etiology of cirrhosis,Child-Pugh grading and score,blood routine examination,blood chemistries,blood coagulation function,D-dimer,main portal vein (MPV) internal diameter,portal vein velocity (PVV) and thickness of spleen were recorded and analyzed.The measurement data were analyzed by t test.Unconditional Logistic regression model was performed to screen corresponding risk factors.Area under curve (AUC) was calculated according to receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve to evaluate the diagnostic value of each index.Results The results of white blood cell,hemoglobin,total bilirubin,creatinine,serum natrium,prothrombin time,activated partial prothrombin time,fibrinogen and international normalized ratio of PVT group were similar with those of non-PVT group and there were no statistically significant differences (all P＞ 0.05).Compared with those of non-PVT group,the differences in platelet count,albumin level,the level of D-dimer,MPV internal diameter,PVV,spleen thickness,and Child Pugh score of PVT group were statistically significant ((82.55 ± 23.04) × 109/L vs (99.66±20.23)×109/L(t=-0.308,P=0.022),(30.53±2.32) g/L vs (33.36±3.62) g/L(t=-2.117,P=0.036),(1.00±0.22) mg/L vs (0.77±0.15) mg/L(t=7.557,P=0.003),(15.11± 1.32) mmvs (13.40±1.43) mm(t=8.013,P=0.014),(13.51±1.51) cm/s vs (15.16±1.60) cm/s (t=-6.979,P=0.036),(59.35±5.45) mm vs (54.64±5.92) mm(t=1.9555,P=0.043),(11.73± 2.01) scores vs (8.18 ± 3.05) scores (t =6.225,P =0.006)).The results of unconditional Logistic regression model analysis indicated that D-dimer,Child-Pugh score,MPV and PVV were independent risk factors of PVT in patients with liver cirrhosis (OR=13.420,10.237,8.534,0.151; P=0.001,0.014,0.019,0.025).ROC curve analysis indicated that the AUC of D-dimer,Child-Pugh score,MPV and PVV was 0.868,0.823,0.810 and 0.756,respectively.The predicate value was D-dimer＞ Child-Pugh score＞ MPV＞ PVV.Conclusion D-dimmer,Child-Pugh score,MPV and PVV are independent risk factors of PVT in paitients with liver cirrhosis.