Doctors ought to belong to a social stratum with fairly high incomes. The high input and long cycle that is essential to becoming a high-caliber doctor constitute the high costs of the medical profession; high technology, high responsibility and high sacrifices constitute the high risks of the medical profession; the contrast between the input of high intelligence, high academic degree, and high expertise and the output of low economic income tends to warp the minds of doctors. The inversion of the burden of proof in medical lawsuits has practically put doctors on the weak side. Their rights and interests as well as their practice circumstances have been disregarded. For the sake of the development of the health cause, it is imperative to respect the labor of doctors and to provide them with sound survival circumstances.

The curriculum system of Proteomics was analyzed based on the teaching practice,the characteristics of ability training and gradation teaching were summarized and the prospect of curriculum optimization was proposed.These measures were conceived to enrich the course content and teaching methods for Proteomics course.

Objective To investigate the impact of pelvic muscle training (PFMT) on the quality of life (QOL) and incidence of postoperative complications in stress urinary incontinence (SUI) patients after tension-free vaginal tape surgery (TVT). In order to provide evidence for clinical nurses taking measures to promote rehabilitation of postoperative patients. Methods A total of 101 female SUI patients who underwent TVT surgery were included in this study. 50 patients in the trial group received pelvic muscle training guidance by one-to-one for 3months while 51 patients in the control group were instructed to the routine discharge guidance. All patients were asked to finish the Incontinence-specific Quality of Life questionnaire (I-QOL) at the day before surgery and 3 months after the surgery, respectively. And incidence of postoperative complications were evaluated at 3 months after the surgery. Results A total of 94 participants completed all questionnaires, including 48 patients of the trial group and 46 patients of the control group. The postoperative score of I-QOL in the trial group were higher than that of control group (94.32 vs. 90.34, Z=3.863, P<0.01). Further analysis found that avoidance and limiting behaviors domain score (90.63 vs.87.50, Z=3.227, P<0.01) and psychosocial impacts domain score (97.22 vs. 90.28, Z=4.186, P<0.01) in the trial group were higher than that of control group. The incidence of postoperative urgency urinary incontinence was significantly difference between the two groups (χ2=4.953,P=0.026), the proportion were 16.67% (8/48) in the trial group and 36.96% (17/46) in the control group, respectively. According to the results, the patients′overall quality of life of the trial group was better than that of control group after surgery. Conclusions Postoperative SUI patients′implementation of pelvic muscle training can significantly increase their quality of life and can decrease the incidence of urgency urinary incontinence.

The incidence of menopausal anxiety and depression is increasing. It can induce and aggravate a variety of somatic symptoms. Despite of the good effects of psychotropic drugs on the disease, patients' compliance is poor. Therefore, it is necessary to find a drug which is practical, effective, and easy for patients to take.

Objective To summarize the key points of nursing care to pregnant women with acute cholecystitis and gallstones. Methods The clinical data of twenty three pregnant women with acute cholecystitis and gallstones during August 2007 to January 2012 were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively,including 19 cases for conservative treatment,3 cases for surgical treatment,1 case for abortion.Results All patients were cured and discharged with hospital stay for 7 to 21 days,averaged(12.7±4.7)days. Conclusion For pregnant women with acute cholecystitis and gallstones,efforts should be focused on dynamic monitoring of vital signs and fetal conditions,psychological care and diet care in order to ensure the safety of the mathers and infants.

OBJECTIVE: To study mutations in the GJB2 gene in Kazak patients with nonsyndromic hearing impairment from Xinjiang. METHOD: One hundred and ninety-three cases of Kazak from the Xinjiang region, including 97 cases of hearing loss and 96 cases of normal people, were performed mutational analysis of the GJB2 coding region by PCR-direct sequencing. RESULT: Eight kinds of mutation were found in the encoding region of hearing impairment group:12 cases of 35 delG homozygous, 5 cases of 79G>A homozygous, 8 cases of 79G>A heterozygous, 1 case of 79G>A heterozygous and 608T>C heterozygous, 5 cases of 79G>A heterozygous and 341A>G heterozygous, 4 cases of 235 delC heterozygous, 2 cases of 341A>G heterozygous, 1 case of 439T>G heterozygous, 1 cases of 457G> A heterozygous, 2 cases of 521G>A homozygous. Four kinds of mutations found in the normal group were confirmed as common polymorphic mutation. CONCLUSION The study suggests that the GJB2 gene mutation of the Kazak deaf population in Xinjiang has ethnic and regional characteristics. There is a rather high carrier frequency of GJB2 mutation of Kazak patients in Xinjiang. In this study the 35 delG mutation is a common mutation of Kazak patients.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Connexin 26 ; Connexins ; genetics ; Deafness ; genetics ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Mutation ; Young Adult

Objective To analyze the characteristics of gastroesophageal junction(GEJ) in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) using high resolution manometry (HRM),and the features in different GERD subtypes,reflux esophagitis (RE) and non-erosive gastrooesophageal reflux disease (NERD).Methods Sixty GERD patients were divided into two subtypes,RE (n =33) and NERD(n =27),based on the results of endoscopy.All patients received HRM,and were divided into three subtypes,type Ⅰ,type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ according to the GEJ pressure morphology.HRM results among different subtypes were investigated.Results In 60 GERD patients,the GEJ was divided into three subtypes,including 26 cases of type Ⅰ (RE =14,NERD =12),29 cases of type Ⅱ (RE =14,NERD =15) and 5 cases of type Ⅲ (RE =5).The characteristics of GEJ morphologic subtypes were analyzed.The total length of lower esophageal sphincter(LES) of three GEJ subtypes(type Ⅰ,type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ) were (3.35 ± 0.56) cm,(3.29 ± 0.87) cm and(2.43 ± 0.22)cm,respectively.The LES intra-abdominal length of three GEJ subtypes were(2.41 ± 0.68) cm,(3.07 ± 4.59) cm and (0.00 ± 0.00) cm,respectively.The LES rest pressure of three GEJ subtypes were (22.00 ± 8.00) mmHg,(16.46 ± 8.60) mmHg and (11.07 ± 5.80) mmHg,respectively.The total length of LES were significantly different among three subtypes (P ＜ 0.05).The LES rest pressure were not significantly different among three subtypes (P ＞ 0.05).Among type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ patients,there were no significant difference in LES-CD distance,total length of LES,LES intra-abdominal length and LES rest pressure between RE group and NERD group.Conclusion HRM can clearly distinguish the GEJ subtypes.To some extent,esophageal motility characteristics of the patients with different subtypes GEJ is various.However,it still needs further studies with larger sample size to confirm.

Objective To investigate the role of p38 MAPK in the trypsin-induced injury in human esophageal epithelial cells.Methods Primary cultured human esophageal epithelial cells were stimulated with trypsin (20,40,and 80 μg/ml) for4 hours,phosphorylation of p38 MAPK was evaluated by Western blotting.Primary cultured human esophageal epithelial cells were stimulated with trypsin (40 μg/ml) and treated with p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580,1 and 10 μmol/L) simultaneously.Four hours later,the cells were collected for analysis.Results Western blotting results revealed that stimulation with trypsin enhanced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK,indicating that trypsin activated p38 MAPK in esophageal epithelial cells.SB203580 treatment suppressed trypsin-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-8 (IL-8),cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2),and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFcα).Finally,SB203580 treatment suppressed trypsin-induced upregulation of protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS),and subsequently reduced nitric oxide (NO) levels.Conclusions The regulation of p38 MAPK was involved in the trypsin-induced injury in esophageal epithelial cells.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of nutrition supplemented with glutamine on immune function and systemic inflammatory response in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma.Methods: Forty postoperative patients with severe craniocerebral trauma were randomized into experiment group(n=20) and control group(n=20).All patients received similar nitrogen and calorie for one week.Patients in experiment group were additionally supplemented with glutamine at dose of 0.50 g/(kg?d).Blood samples were obtained for measurement of IgM,IgG,IgA,CD3,CD4,CD8,CD4/CD8 before and after nutrition support the systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS)was observed daily,and the serum albumin,transferin,hemoglobin and GCS were detected before and after nutrition support.Results: IgG,IgA,CD4,CD4/CD8,GCS and transferin in experiment group increased significantly after nutrition than in control group.Conclusion: Nutrition supplemented with glutamine may improve immune function,GCS and transferin in patients with severe cranial trauma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies in the worldwide.Selected patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are candidates for curative resection,but nevertheless there is a high risk of tumor recurrence.Microvascular invasion (MVI) is an aggressive biological behavior and has repeatedly been identified as a risk factor for prognosis after curative treatment,meanwhile,it is now becoming increasingly concerned.It would be of great significance to distinguish MVI in an early stage and choose an appropriate treatment timely to get a definite improvement for the long-term survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative treatment.This review focuses on some certain issues of MVI.