Acute leukemia is one of the most common cancers among children.The biological mechanisms leading to leukemia have not been fully clarified until now.Experiments were improved that most patients developing acute leukemia had abnormal chromosomes,including TEL/AML-l,BCR/ABL,PML/RAR-α fusion genes,which would be potential clinical biomarkers.Many genetic polymorphisms have effect on acute lymphoblastic leukemia susceptibility,which were containing genes involved in folate metabolism pathways,cytochrome P450,glutathione-S-transferase enzymes and quinone oxidoreductase-1.As the results of the studies,alcohol,tobacco,TNF-α and IFN-γ might be risk factors to the disease.Furthermore infection and IRF-3 were reported to reduce the occurrence of acute leukemia.Finally,as more is learned about the molecular pathology,it may be possible to develop new therapeutic agents which are specifically targeted to treat childhood acute leukemia.

The medical image registration between preoperative three-dimensional (3D) scan data and intraoperative two-dimensional (2D) image is a key technology in the surgical navigation. Most previous methods need to generate 2D digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRR) images from the 3D scan volume data, then use conventional image similarity function for comparison. This procedure includes a large amount of calculation and is difficult to archive real-time processing. In this paper, with using geometric feature and image density mixed characteristics, we proposed a new similarity measure function for fast 2D-3D registration of preoperative CT and intraoperative X-ray images. This algorithm is easy to implement, and the calculation process is very short, while the resulting registration accuracy can meet the clinical use. In addition, the entire calculation process is very suitable for highly parallel numerical calculation by using the algorithm based on CUDA hardware acceleration to satisfy the requirement of real-time application in surgery.
Algorithms ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; X-Rays

Objective To analyze the quality of life(QOL)of patients with acute stroke,and to explore the effects of early specialized rehabilitation on their QOL.Methods Seventy patients with acute stroke were randomly divided into a rehabilitation group(n =35)and a control group(n =35).The rehabilitation group received specialized rehabilitation treatment while the control group received self-rehabilitation.QOL we evaluated with the short form-36(SF-36)instrument before and after.Results Before treatment,QOL scores in the both groups were much lower than the norms for healthy people.The differences on each dimension of the SF-36 were not statistically significant between the two groups.The SF-36 scores of both groups improved during the experiment,but after 1 month and 6 months the improvement on each SF-36 dimension was significantly better in the rehabilitation group than in the control group.Conclusions The QOL of patients with acute stroke is significantly impaired,but specialized rehabilitation treatment is effective in improving it.

STAT3 can be activated by various cytokines and participate in the process of tumor cells proliferation,angiogenesis,invasion and chemotherapy resistance.Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)also plays an important role in the process of tumor invasion and metastasis and chemotherapy resistance.Studies have shown that STAT3 can regulate the process of EMT so as to change the invasion and metastasis abilities of tumor cells,and to enhance their ability of chemotherapy resistance.Discussion of the role and relation of STAT3 and EMT in tumor cells will be helpful to provide reliable theory for tumor molecular targeted therapy.

Objective　To study the prognostic factors in cholangocarcinoma(CC). Methods　Retrospective analysis of the reported clinical data of CC in lectures. Results and Conclusions　The prognosis of CC in lower portion of bile duct(BD) is much better, CC in meddle portion of BD take the second place of prognosis, CC in upper portion of BD has the worst prognosis. If CC with following cases, which would have much better prognosis: higher differentiation without metastasis, diploid, higher PCNA; if CC with negative expression of epithelial membrane antigen or keratine, which would have worse prognosis. The activate of type IV collegen is related linearly to the metastasis capacity of the tumor, and the expression of nm23 of tumor is related to invation, lymphatic metastasis and prognosis of the tumor. Radical resection of the tumor has the best effect, palliative resection take the second place of prognosis, internal or external drainage operation has the worst effect. The effect of local radiotherapy is limited, and chemotherapy showes no effect. Early diagnosis, radical or extending resection and combined therapy can improve the prognosis of CC.

Objective To make a research on the expression of perlecan in the formation of epidural scar after posterior lumbar laminectomy in the rat.Methods Sixty Wistar rats were randomly and evenly divided into five groups:the experimental groups including A(the first week after surgery),B(the second week),C(the fourth week),D(the sixth week)and the control group.Laminectomy was performed on lumbar vertebra in each experimental group.The hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe the formation of epidural scar.Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the perlecan located in the epidural scar.Western blot and RT-PCR were made to quantify the expression of the perlecan after surgery.Results According to HE,with prolonged,the scar tissue gradually formed.Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the perlecan was expressed in the fibroblast.Western blot and RT-PCR showed the high level expression of perlecan in the experimental groups compared to the control group(P＜0.01).Furthermore,the expression of perlecan gradually increased with the prolongation of exposure time and had significantly statistical significance (P＜0.01)between the first three experimental groups.However,compared to the fourth week group,the expression of perlecan in the sixth week decreased obviously(P＜0.01).Conclusion Perlecan was expressed in the fibroblast of the epidural scar,and which plays an important role in the formation of epidural scar.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hand -foot -mouth disease (HFMD in Weihai of Shandong province,during 2015,and provide reference for HFMD control and prevention. Methods We analyzed data of HFMD cases in Weihai during 2015 by descriptive epidemiology.Results A total of 8 526 HFMD cases were reported in Weihai during this period,including 64 severe cases but no deaths.The reported morbidity was 304.57 /lakh.The vast majority of patients were 0 -5 years old,representing 89.16% of the patients. Most patients were in preschools or scattered home care environments,accounting for 59.60% and 35.74%, respectively.There were clearly more boys than girls,with a male to female ratio of 1.39:1,which was statistically significant(χ2 =15.013,P <0.001).Compared with the incidence of the national level,all districts in Weihai are with high incidence of HFMD,especially in Huancui district(584.02 /lakh).The cases mainly occurred during June, July.The clinical presentation was characterized by fever and various kinds of vesicles or papules at the hand,foot, mouth or buttocks.Conclusion HFMD is one of the serious health hazards communicable disease to the children under 5 years old in Weihai.According to HFMD epidemiology characteristic,immunization and treatment strategies of HFMD should be further improved.

Objective:The purpose of this study was to assess the outcome of intestine fistula patients treated with home enteral nutrition(HEN) support before definitive operation.Methods:Fifty-eighty patients were divided into HEN support group and hospital enteral nutrition support group when their illness were stable and total enteral nutrition(TEN) were full resumed.All the patients were supervised by the members of nutrition support team.Days of TEN and hospital stay and medical cost was recorded.Plasma protein,body weight and body mass index were measured on the first day of full enteral nutriton and the day enteral nutrition was stop for operation preparation.Results:Nutritional status of the patients improved.There was no significant difference between two groups in nutritional status,complications and duration of TEN.The time patients in HEN group stayed at home was(61.11?27.71) d and in hospital(60.79?17.11) d.The cost in HEN group was less than that in hospital EN support group(140.21?61.2 vs 189.2?72.2 thousand Chinese dollar).Conclusion:Under the close supervise of nutrition support team,HEN is of the same safety and effect and can reduce the time of hospital-stay and medical cost when compared hospital EN.

0.05). Conclusion: The IQ of children with epilepsy is lower than that of normal children .The epilepsy could impact the intelligence of children.

To explore the application of fetal DNA in maternal plasma for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis, the DNA template was extracted by hydroxybenzene-chloroform from 44 maternal (7-41 weeks) plasma. The Fetus-derived Y sequence DYZ-1 gene (149bp) was chosen to be amplified by PCR. The fragment was identified in all the plasma of male bearing pregnant women with the diagnostic accordance rate being 100.00%. Two of the 22 female bearing pregnant women had false positive results. Among the 44 pregnant women, the diagnostic accordance rate was 88.89% at early pregnant stage, 100.00% at medium pregnant stage, and 96.55% at late stage respectively. The final accuracy of 95.45% was obtained in all cases. It was concluded that by means of hydroxybenzene-chloroform extraction the authors of this article promoted the concentration and purity of the DNA template, and diagnosed more accurately. The results showed that free fetal DNA in the maternal plasma could be regarded as the gene resource for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis.
DNA/*blood ; DNA Primers ; Fetus ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy/*blood ; Prenatal Diagnosis/*methods ; *Sex Determination (Genetics)