Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most prevalent arrthythmias. Hypertension independently accounts for more AF cases than any other risk factors. Therefore,prevention of risk factors in patients with essential hypertensives(EH) is important for early prevention and diagnosis of AF. However,only a few data are available regarding left ventricle remodeling in essential hypertensive patients with atrial fibrillation(EH+AF). Objective To study the characteristics of left heart remodeling and function and its clinical significance in EH+AF,and predict some risk factors of AF. Methods All 561 patients were recruited which included EH+AF(n=224),EH alone(n=171),AF alone(n=166) with normal subjects as control(n=157). Interventricula septal thickness at end-diastole(IVSTd),posterior left ventricular wall thickness at end-diastole(LVPWTd),left ventricular end-diastolic dimension(LVEDD),left ventricular end-systolic dimension(LVESD),left atrial dimension (LAD),left ventricular ejection fraction stroke volume(LVEF),stroke volume(SV)cardiac output(CO)were measured with echocardiography. Left ventricular mass(LVM),left ventricular mass index(LVMI)and relative wall thickness(RWT)were calculated. Results LVM,LVMI,IVSTd,LVPWTd,LVESD,LVEDD,LAD,RWT in the EH+AF group were significantly greater than those in the AF alone or EH alone patients(P

AIM: To investigate the expression of aquaporins-1 (AQP-1)in cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells and to explore the role of AQP-1 in corneal endothelial fluid transport.METHODS:The bovine corneal cells were cultured in DMEM containing 200mL/L neonate bovine serum. AQP-1 expression in the bovine corneal endothelial cells was detected with immunohistochemistry method before and after treatment of the cells with aquaporin inhibitor, p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonate. The osmotic water permeability was determined bymonitoring volume changes of cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells.RESULTS: AQP-1 expression in the membrane of cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells was revealed by positive staining (in brown color). The reading of osmotic water permeability of the cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells before treatment with p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonate was 0.044±0.005cm/s, which significantly decreased to 0.017 0.003 cm/s(n= 15) after treatment.CONCLUSION: AQP-1 expressed in the membrane of cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells may play an important role in fluid transport of corneal endothelial cells. Alteration of the AQP-1 expression may cause abnormal corneal function and corneal edema.

Background Researches showed that aquaporin-1 (AQP1) is closely associated with corneal neovescularization(CNV).Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor has the inhibitory effect on the AQP1 and further suppresses the CNV.However,the systemic adverse effect of Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor limit its clinical application.Therefore,the influence of topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor on CNV is concerned.Objective Present study was to investigate the effects of topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors on the expression of AQP1 in rat cornea after alkali burn and explore its role in corneal neovascularization (CNV).Methods The alkali-burn animal models were established in 60 eyes of 30 clean Sprague Dawley rats by putting the filter paper soaked 1 mol/L NaOH solution at the central cornea for 40 seconds.1％ Brinzolamide was topically administered in the 30 eyes of 15 models (Brinzolamide group),and the normal saline solution was used at the same way in other 30 eyes of 15 rats (model group).The 10 eyes of 5 normal Sprague Dawley received the eye drops of normal saline solution as the normal control group.The corneal burning degree was graded on the Mahoney ' s criteria in the third day,and Ee ' s method was used to score the opacification of cornea and the CNV area was analyzed in 3,5,7,10 days under the slit lamp microscope.The cornea tissue was obtained in the tenth day after burning for the observation of the pathology under the light microscope and the ultrastructure under the transmission electron microscope.The expressions of AQP1 and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in cornea tissue were detected using immunohistochemistry.The use of animals complied with the Statement of ARVO.Results No significant difference was seen in the scores of rat corneal alkali burn between the model group and brinzolamide group( t=0.97,P＞0.05 ).The scores of corneal edema and opacification and neovascular area were lower in brinzolamide group compared with model group ( t =2.18,P＜0.05 ;t =6.58,P＜0.01 ).The pathological and ultrastructural examinations showed less CNV and inflammatory cells in rat corneal tissue of the brinzolamide group in comparison with model group.The grey values of VEGF were 84.92±9.49 and 78.18± 11.41,and those of AQP1 were 88.01 ± 11.03 and 58.10 ± 12.14 in the model group and brinzolamidegroup respectively,showing statistically significant differences ( VEGF:t =2.48,P =0.02 ; AQPI:t =9.99,P =0.00 ).Conclusions 1％ Brinzolamide suppresses alkali burn-induced CNV by downregulating the expressions of AQP1 and VEGF in cornea in rat.

Study the development of the surgery methods for breast cancer according to the biological characteristics of breast cancer. Reviewing the operations for 25years and the relative literature, I put forward the principle for choosing the methods of the surgery. The improving radical treatment for breast cancer is the first choice to hospitals. It will take time for them to keep the breasts by means of complex treatment. The surgery of breast cancer emphasize individuation, humanization, lowering hurt and justification. The complex treatment mainly by means of surgery has an effective cure in the long run.

Objective To explore the relationship between asymptomatic lacunar cerebral infarction and blood pressure variability (BPV) in senile patients with essential hypertension.Methods According to the results of the cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),160 patients were divided into two groups:96 cases of hypertension combined with lacunar cerebral infarction group and 64 cases of simple hypertension group.Their levels and variability blood pressure were investigated by 24 hours ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.All markers included 24 h average systolic blood pressure variation (24 h SBPV),24 h average diastolic blood pressure variation (24 h DBPV),the day average systolic blood pressure variation (dSBPV),the night average systolic blood pressure variation (nSBPV),the day average diastolic blood pressure variation (dDBPV),the night average diastolic blood pressure variation (nDBPV),the standard deviation (SD)and variable coefficient (CV) of morning peak systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.Results 24 h SBPV,dSBPV,nSBPV,24 h DBPV,dDBPV,nDBPV was increased significantly in hypertension combined with lacunar cerebral infarction group compared with those in simple hypertension group (0.15±0.03 vs.0.11 ± 0.02,0.14 ± 0.02 vs.0.10 ± 0.03,0.14 ± 0.03 vs.0.10 ± 0.08,0.13 ± 0.08 vs.0.11 ±0.04,0.14 ±0.02 vs.0.11 ±0.07,0.14 ±0.05 vs.0.09 ±0.02),and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).SD and CV of morning peak systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in hypertension combined with lacunar cerebral infarction group was higher than that in simple hypertension group [(15.37 ±4.55) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) vs.(13.53 ±2.26) mmHg,(13.64 ±4.95) mmHg vs.(9.80 ± 3.46) mmHg,0.141 ± 0.048 vs.0.113 ± 0.037,0.145 ± 0.056 vs.0.105 ± 0.036],and there was significant difference(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The BPV,especially morning blood pressure surge BPV are increased significantly in the hypertension combined with lacunar cerebral infarction group compared with that simple hypertension group,BPV increase is one of the important risk factors of cerebral infarction.

BACKGROUND: In traditional Chinese medicine, both deficiency as primary and excess as secondary and deficiency of qi and blood stasis are common symptoms in dialectical logy of atherosclerosis (AS). Therefore, qi-benefiting drugs are the main component of qi-benefiting and blood-activating intervention. However, the best dose relationship between qi-benefiting and blood-activating drugs needs to be further studied.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of qi-benefiting and blood-activating intervention on the expression of aortic vascular cell adhesion molecule-1mRNA (VCAM-1mRNA) in AS models and analyze dose-effect relationship between astragalus and sanchi.DESIGN: Randomized control animal study.SETTING: Shanxi Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Shanxi Medical University in April 2005. A total of 60 healthy male Wistar rats were selected in this study. The main reagents were quercetin (Shaanxi Huike Plant Co., Ltd., batch number:20041112), saponins of panax notoginseng (PNS, Kunming Yagechen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., batch number:20050118) and ligustrazine (Yuxin Guoji Longyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., batch number: 20041204).METHODS: Model establishment: Wistar rats were administrated AS feeds (including 10% yolk powder, 5% lard, 0.5% bile salt and 85% basic feed) for 3 months. Grouping and administration: At threedays after suitability feeding, 8 rats were randomly selected, regarded as the normal control group and given general feeds, and other 52 rats were fed with AS feeds. Three months later, 4 rats were randomly selected for the measurements of lipid and aortic tissue. And then, the models were established successfully. In addition, 48 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. ① Astragalus treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.1 g/(kg·d) quercetin. ② Sanchi treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.1 g/(kg·d)PNS. ③ 2∶1 of astragalus/sanchi treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.1 g/(kg·d) quercetin and 0.05 g/(kg·d) PNS.④ 3∶1 of astragalus/sanchi treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.15 g/(kg·d) quercetin and 0.05 g/(kg·d) PNS. ⑤Ligustrazine treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.2 g/(kg ·d) ligustrazine (Yuxin Guoji Longyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). ⑥ Normal control group: Rats were fed with general feeds. ⑦ Model group: Rats were fed with general feeds after successful model estalishement. Thirty days after administration, relative expression of VCAM-1mRNA inaorta was measured with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique; moreover, 2 mL venous blood was collected from tail to measure the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Relative expression of VCAM-1mRNA in aorta; ② level of lipid.RESULTS: Among 60 male Wistar rats, three rats in the treatment group died because of perfusion and two rats in the model group died due to accident; therefore, a total of 51 rats were involved in the final analysis. ① High-lipid diet could promote the formation of AS models. Level of lipid was higher in the model group than that in the normal control group (P＜ 0.05), and leves of serum TC, TG and LDL-C were lower in the interventions group than those in the model group (P ＜0.05). ② Expression of VCAM-1mRNA was not found in the normal control group. Expression of VCAM-1mRNA was lower in the intervention groups than that in the model group. Expression of VCAM-1mRNA (0.42±0.02) was the lowest in 3∶1 of astragalus/sanchi treatment group, and there were significant differences as compared with other intervention groups (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Astragalus and sanchi, a main component of qi-benefiting and blood-activating herbs, can down-regulate the level of lipid and resist AS; meanwhile, the combination of them is superior to the single application; in addition, with the increasing deal of qi-benefiting drugs, the function against AS is strengthened.

Vitamin E succinate (VES) has been recently recognized as a neotype tumor suppressor.However, the molecular mechanisms that VES induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells have not been validated. Current studies have indicated that VES induces breast cancer cell apoptosis through TGF-β signaling transduction pathways, Fas signaling transduction pathways, and JNK signaling transduction pathways.Other signaling transduction pathways still need to be investigated further.

Objective To build relationship model of personality, life style and mental health for medical students. Methods 869 medical students were surveyed with Eysenk Personality Questionnaire, Symptom Check List 90(SCL-90), common condition questionnaire, to describe the situation of medical students mental health and personality, and a relationship model was set up by structural equation modeling. Results The situation of mental health for medical students was well. Male students showed significantly higher lie than female students. The only children showed significant higher lie than those having siblings. Neuroticism, life style, lie, sleep time everyday, boarding and lodging in middle school, friends, only child, degree of parents attention had significant direct influence on mental health (β =0.508, 0.136, 0.100, 0.082, 0.076, -0.057, 0.057, 0.051 ). Neuroticism, friends and sleep time everyday affected mental health in an indirect way through life style (β = 0.044, - 0. 008, 0.007). Only child affected mental health in an indirect way through boarding and lodging in middle school (β = -0.026). Lie affected mental health in an indirect way through neuroticism (β =0. 195). Conclusion The important effects of personality, life style on mental health are further supported in this study.

Hyperglycemia has direct and indirect impact on the occurrence and develop-ment of stroke. At present, hyperglycemia is considered as an independent risk factor for stroke. Hyperglycemia directly involves in cellular and vascular injury through activating polyol pathway, forming advanced glycosylation end product, activating protein kinase C and the hexosamine pathway. Moreover, hyperglycemia involves in vascular injury through the indirectly pathway such as lipid metabolism, glycosylated hemoglobin and insulin. Controlling hyperglycemia may effectively reduce the incidence of stroke and improve the prognosis in patients with stroke.

ObjectiveTo investigate the perioperative nursing experience in patients with renal cell carcinoma treated by cryoablation.Method The clinical data of 34 patients with renal cell carcinoma treated by cryoablation were retrospectively analyzed to summarize the perioperative nursing strategies.Results All the patients lived through the operations.The complications after the surgery occurred in 7 cases,with bleeding in 4 cases,urinary fistula in 1 case and wound infections in 2 cases.All the complications were cured by active treatment.After following up for 6 months,all the tumors showed liquefaction and necrosis and no one relapse. Conclusion Active and effective nursing intervention is the key point for the success of cryoablation.