2,5-DKG reductase I was purified from cell-free extracts of a recombinant,ER97 by a procedure involving ammonium sulfate precipitation and successive column chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and Phenyl Sepharose CL-4B with 5 fold purification,27 % recovery and 3418 U/mg specific activity.The molecular weight of the enzyme estimated by SDS-PAGE was 34kD.The isoelectric point was estimated to be 6.0 by PAG-IEF.The optimum pH was 7.0 and the optimum temperature was about 40℃.The enzyme can catalyze the stereospecific NADPH-dependent reduction of 25-DKG to 2-KLG.The michaelis-menten constant(Km) for 2,5-DKG and NADPH were 0.29 mmol/L and 14.7 mmol/L respectively.The enzyme is specific for NADPH and 2,5-DKG,1 mmol/L Cu~(2+) or Zn~(2+) could highly inhibited the enzyme activity.EDTA and ?-Mercaptoethanol have no effect on the enzyme activity.

Because of the neonatal immune system is immature,particularly in preterm and low birth weight infants,the neonate is prone to some infections.Neonatal sepsis usually has the slight performance and atypical clinical symptoms,which raise the great interest of searching for some better biomarkers.With the development of testing technology,the research of serum inflammation marker has made remarkable progress at home and abroad in recent years,however,the research of umbilical blood inflammation marker is still in the early stage of exploration.Umbilical blood detection have the advantages of early,noninvasive,safe and convenient compare to the traditional serum detection.This paper mainly discusses the application of umbilical blood detection to early onset neonatal sepsis.

Objective: To analyze the constituents and metabolites of Radix Sa poshnikoviae (RS) in rat plasma and urine by rapid-resolution liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (RRLC-TOF/MS), so as to explore the active ingredients and metabolites of RS in vivo. Methods: The separation was performed on a Angilent Zorbax Extend-C14 (5 μm, 250 mm x 4.6 mm id) column, with a methanol-water mobile phase system used for gradient elution. Time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF/MS) was applied for qualitative analysis under positive ion mode. Based on the accurate molecular weight of TOF/MS detection and the compound list of RS established previously, the constituents and metabolites of RS in different matrix in vivo were identified. Results: Six constituents of RS were identified in the plasma, sucrose, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, cimifugin, nodakenetin, 5-O-methylvisamminol, and 3′-O-i-butyrylhammaudol. Eight constituents were identified in the urine, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, divaricatacid, cimifugin, 4′-O-glucosyl-5-O- methylvisamminol, (3S)-2,2-dimethyl-3, 5-dihydroxy-8-hydroxymethyl-3, 4-dihydro-2H, 6H-benzo-[1, 2-b: 5, 4-b′] dipyran-6-one, 5-O-methylvisamminol, see-O-β-D-glucosylhammaudol, and wogonin. Two metabolites were identified in the urine, glucuronide of cimifujin and an isomer of it. Conclusion: The present method is reliable and effective for identifying compounds of RS in vivo, and it can provide a reference and evidence for the further pharmacodynamics experiments.

Brain injury is a kind of wound by violence on head, which is a mechanical distortion of skull, meninx, cerebral vascular and brain tissue due to outside force acting on head. Apolipoproteins E (ApoE ) is a major kind of apolipoprotein s, participating in the metabolismof lipid and regulating bal-ance of cholesterol. Some recent investigations showthat gene polymorphismof ApoE is associated with various kinds of diseases. Also its immunoreactivity is changed regularly with brain injury. In addition, ApoE has remarkable effect in neurological normal growth and reparative process after brain injury. This article reviews the biological characteristics and mechanismof ApoE in the repair of brain injury and application prospect in forensic medicine, which may be able to provide newideas for estimation of the brain injury time and related experimental research.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the improvement on the management of defective medicinal products in China.METHODS:The current UK Defective Medicinal Products Guide and drug recall cases were analyzed and its implication on China was discussed.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The mature defective medicinal products management experiences in UK serve as a mirror for drug safety work in China.At present,the drug safety work can be intensified through clarifying the definition of defective drugs,establishing effective information exchange channel for the defective drugs,establishing evaluation system about records of drug complaints,formulating scientific operational strategies for the recall of defective medicinal products and establishing matched information distribution channel.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the anti-tumor and immunologic enhancement effects of Xiangling capsule.METHODS: The tumor-inhibition experiment was conducted in vivo in accordance with the screening criteria of anti-tumor drugs.Mice were treated with cyclophosphamide to induce hypoimmunity model.The effect of Xiangling capsule on mice was tested by determining leukocyte count,thymus index,spleen index,and the activity of NK cells.RESULTS: Xiangling capsules at different concentration showed inhibition on the growth of mice-transplanted tumor S180,H22 hepatomas and Lewis lung carcinoma with inhibition rates of 44.8%,52.2 %,and 43.3%,respectively(P

OBJECTIVE:To make sure who is liable for Adverse Drug Reactions(ADRs)and what kind of legal obligation should they bear and how to bear.METHODS:The concerned laws and regulations were studied by literature research method and comparative study method.RESULTS:The legal obligations involved in ADRs were tort liability and administrative liability.The obligation attribution principles were different.The fault principle should be applied to the unpredicted“develop_ mental danger”of drugs.CONCLUSION:The compensatory and relieving acts related to ADRs damages should be formulated in China.

OBJECTIVE:To provide references for China in the formulation of international marketing strategy of tradi?tional Chinese medicine(TCM).METHODS:Related literatures were referred to and the current international marketing con?cepts of Chinese traditional medicine in China were analyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The internationalized target market for TCM is indefinite,the international market demand is unknown,the propaganda is without a definite aim,and the language platform for international academic communication is insufficient.It is suggested that the target market for TCM should aimed at general nursing,chronic and stubborn diseases,the efficacy and safety of TCM should be verified by control experiment and cost-effectiveness analysis,the international communication abilities of TCM and its practitioners should be improved so as to facilitate the internalization of TCM.

0.01).Conclusion The change of thresholds mainly happened in the first working year.As working time increased,the incidence of ears without any response to the maximum output and the thresholds from 18 to 20 kHz were changed more significantly after 4 years working time.The examination of hearing at 10～20 kHz was required for new noise exposure workers and during the first working year,which helped to find the possible susceptibility of subject to noise damage.

[Summary] Glucagon-like peptide-1 ( GLP-1 ) as a new treatment of type 2 diabetes, not only has hypoglycemic effect, but also plays an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. GLP-1 plays a unique role in regulating lipid metabolism via lipid absorption and transport, fat formation and decomposition, hepatic lipid metabolism, and cholesterol transport.