Objective The aim of this study was to assess the clinical value of pro-gastrin releasing peptide (ProGRP) , squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag), cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (Cyfra21-1) and carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) in the diagnosis and clinical stage of lung cancer in Chinese patients.Methods Patients with lung cancer and benign lesions confirmed by pathology were enrolled in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2013 to October 2014.The serum levels of four tumor markers (ProGRP, SCC-Ag, Cyfra21-1 and CEA) were measured using immunoassays before treatment.The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCROC) of these four tumor biomarkers were analyzed for the diagnosis of lung cancer.Results A total of 134 patients were finally analyzed, including 73 patients with lung cancer and the other 61 patients with benign lung disease.The diagnostic sensitivity of serum Cyfra21-1 to lung cancer was 67.1％, the specificity 45.1％, the AUCROC 0.658.The diagnostic sensitivity of the panel including ProGPR, Cyfra21-1 and CEA to lung cancer was 75.3％ , the specificity 57.4％ , the AUCROC 0.702.In the lung cancer group, the AUCROC of ProGRP over 65 ng/L to diagnose small cell lung cancer was 0.954;the AUCROC of SCC-Ag over 1.5 μg/L to diagnose squamous cell lung cancer was 0.788;the AUCROC of Cyfra21-1 to diagnose non-squamous-non-small-cell lung cancer was 0.716.In small cell lung cancer patients, the level of ProGRP in limited-disease small cell lung cancer (LD-SCLC) were significantly higher than that in extensive-disease small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) (P =0.005).Conclusion This panel of serum tumor markers including ProGRP, Cyfra21-1 and CEA improves the diagnostic specificity and sensitivity in patients with high-risk lung cancer.The serum CEA level of advanced lung cancer patients is significantly increased.The high level of serum ProGRP predicts the ED-SCLC.

Objective: To compare effects of sulindac, PPAR? activator and PPAR? antagonist on the proliferation and apoptosis of the colonic cancer cells, and to investigate whether sulindac exerts its colonic neoplasm inhibiting activity through pathway of PPAR?. Methods: Cell strain HT-29 of colonic cancer was divided into six groups: the control group, sulindac group, 15d-PGJ2 (PPAR? activator) group, GW9662 (PPAR? antagonist) group, sulindac+GW9662 group and 15d-PGJ2+ GW9662 group. After 24 and 48 hours’culturing, proliferation status of each group was determined by immunocytochemical staining of PCNA, and cell apoptosis status was determined by double staining method of AnnexinV-FITC/PI, examined on flow cytometer. Results: (1) Proliferation status of the colonic cancer cells of each group: 24 and 48 hours after medication, PCNA positive ratios were 33.2%?4.5% and 25.0%?4.7% of the control group, 11.8%?3.7% and 8.6%?1.9% of sulindac group, 11.2%?2.5% and 11.4%?2.1% of 15d-PGJ2 group, 35.3%?4.3% and 26.8%?3.9% of GW9662 group, 16.5%?5.3% and 12.2 %?2.4% of sulindac + GW9662 group, 21.0%?4.8% and 21.5%?4.2% of 15d-PGJ2+GW9662 group. (2) Apoptosis ratio of colonic cancer cells of each group: 24 hours after medication, apoptosis rate of colonic cancer cells was 13.0%?1.0% of the control group, 41.0%? 2.6% of sulindac group, 11.5%?0.6% of 15d-PGJ2 group, 12.4%?0.9% of GW9662 group, 33.6%?2.3% of sulindac+GW9662 group, and 13.0%?1.0% of 15d-PGJ2 + GW9662 group. 48 hours after medication, apoptosis rate was 14.0%?3.4% of the control group, 95.3%?1.5% of sulindac group, 31.5%?2.3% of 15d-PGJ2 group, 13.0%?1.9% of GW9662 group, 86.8%?0.4% of sulindac+GW9662 group, and 12.9%?1.0% of 15d-PGJ2+GW9662 group. Conclusion: Both sulindac and PPAR? activator can inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of colonic cancer cells, and their effects can be antagonized by PPAR? antagonist, which indicates that as a kind of PPAR? ligand, sulindac can inhibit proliferation of colonic cancer cells via activating PPAR?.

Objective To investigate the effects of sIL-2R in plasma on regulatory T cells (Treg) in children with Kawasaki disease ( KD ) .Methods Thirty-three children with KD and fourteen age-matched healthy children were enrolled in this study .The proportions of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in pe-ripheral blood and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of phosphorylated-STAT5 (pSTAT5) protein in CD4+CD25+T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry .The concentrations of sIL-2R, IL-2, IL-7 and IL-15 in plas-ma were measured by cytometric bead array ( CBA ) .Real-time PCR was performed to detect the gene ex-pressions of Foxp3, GITR, CTLA4, IL-2Rα, IL-2Rβand IL-2Rγat mRNA level as well as the expressions of IL-17A and ROR-γt at mRNA level in CD4+CD25-T cells.Results (1) Compared with the control group, the proportions of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in peripheral blood from patients with KD and the expressions of associated factors including Foxp 3, GITR and CTLA-4 at mRNA level were significantly down-regulated (P<0.05).However,the expressions of IL-17A and ROR-γt at mRNA level in Th17 cells were markedly up-regulated (P<0.05), which could be recovered to some extent after treatment with IVIG (P<0.05).(2)The expressions of pSTAT5 protein in CD4+CD25+T cells from patients with acute KD were sig-nificantly decreased (P<00.5 ), but increased with IVIG intervention (P<0.05).(3)The concentrations of sIL-2R in plasma were elevated during acute KD (P<0.05), but decreased after treatment with IVIG (P<0.05).Moreover, KD patients with coronary artery lesion ( KD-CAL+) presented a high level of sIL-2R than those without coronary artery lesion (KD-CAL-) (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the concentrations of IL-2, IL-7 and IL-15 in plasma between two groups (P>0.05).(4)The expressions of IL-2Rαand IL-2Rβat mRNA level in CD4+CD25+T cells from patients with acute KD were lower than those of the healthy subjects (P<0.05), but up-regulated to some extent with IVIG treatment (P<0.05).There was no significant change in the expression of IL-2Rγat mRNA level (P>0.05).The concentrations of sIL-2R in plasma were negatively correlated with the expressions of IL-2Rβand Foxp3 at mRNA level and pSTAT5 at protein level (P<0.05).The expression of pSTAT5 protein had positive correlation with the ex-pression of Foxp3 at mRNA level (P<0.05).Conclusion Aberrant IL-2/STAT5 signaling pathway media-ted by significantly increased concentration of sIL-2R in plasma might be one of the factors leading to down-regulation of Treg cells in patients with acute KD .

Arteriovenous Fistula ; therapy ; Child ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Humans ; Male ; Pulmonary Artery ; abnormalities ; Pulmonary Veins ; abnormalities

Objective: To identify the mutation points of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase(SOD1) gene in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) family with a unique phenotype,and to compare the value of single strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP) and denaturing high performance liquid chromatography(DHPLC). Methods: Five exons of SOD1 gene were amplified by PCR. The difference of these products were analyzed by PCR-SSCP and DHPLC.DNA sequencing was used to examine the mutation. Results: ①Mutations were found in exons 2 and 5 in several family members.DNA sequencing revealed that a base pair insertion occurred in the codon area of exon 2 and in the non-codon area of exon 5.②The results of DHPLC tests proved double peaks in one member with ALS symptoms(Ⅲ1),which indicated the possibility of mutation in SOD1 exon 4.DNA sequencing revealed that there was a heterozygote,with a mutation of GAA to GGA in exon 4 in the member with double peak. Conclusion: ①The mutations in exons 2,4,5 were proved.Insertion of exon 2 may be responsible for the disease of the ALS family in Chongqing.②Compared with PCR-SSCP,DHPLC technique has been proven to be a rapid and reliable method for screening mutation site in large samples.

Objective To study the application of SLINKY technique in MRA of head and neck by comparison of four TOF MRA methods. Methods We obtained images on 21 patients and 5 volunteers with SLINKY on all the 26 cases, MOTSA on 18 cases, single volume on 16 cases, and 2D on 12 cases. Three experienced radiologists evaluated the images, unknowing which method the images were. The evaluations included clearness of vessel branches, smoothness of vascular wall, and vascular continuity. Signal-to-noise (SNR), contrast-to-noise (C/Ns), and scan time were measured. Results SLINKY displayed vessel branches better and had better smoothness of vascular wall and vascular continuity than the other three methods(P

AIM To establish the hyperlipidemia and hyperlipidemic fatty liver animal model.METHODS 30 SD rats were randomized into control group (n=10)and model group(n=20).The rats of model group were fed with a standard diet and fat emulsion( 10 ml?kg -1);while the rats of control group were only fed with a standard diet.The serum TG,TC,ALT,AST,MDA,SOD and hepatic TG,TC,MDA,SOD were detected dynamically and with histologically.RESULTS The model group developed hyperlipidemia which TG and TC were elevated significantly after 1 week. 10 rats which were selected randomly in the model group were killed and the serum and liver were obtained after 2 weeks. The serum TG,TC,ALT and hepatic MDA of the model group rats were higher than the control's,while the hepatic SOD were lower. At the same time,the light degree hepatic steatosis of 2 rats were induced.The third week,both control group and model rats(n=10) were killed and the serum and the liver were obtained. Compared with the control group, the serum TG,TC,ALT,AST,MDA?SOD and hepatic TG,MDA of the model group rats were markedly higher, while the serum SOD and the hepatic SOD were significantly lower.The histopathology research showed hepatocellular macrovesicular steatosis and hepatitis in the model group. CONCLUSINOS The experimental animal model of hyperlipidemia and hyperlipidemic fatty liver in rats were successfully established for 1 week and 3 weeks fed with fat emulsion.

Objective To observe and compare the effects of acupuncture and acupuncture plus speech therapy on activation of the brain areas in aphasic patients by use of oxygenation level dependent-functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI).Methods Twenty patients with aphasia caused by stroke were randomized into two groups by use of random number table (10 cases in each group):an experimental group subject to acupuncture treatment combined with speech therapy,and a control group subject to speech therapy only.All the cases were dextromanuality.On admission and after 1 month of treatment,BOLD-fMRI was used to test signals of the activated brain areas of both group,and Aphasia Battery of the Chinese (ABC) was employed to evaluate the changes of speech ability of the patients.Results During the study,1 case from control group was unable to do the post-intervention evaluation due to onset of the second stroke.The effective rates of the control and experimental group were 55.56％ and 100.00％,respectively,and recovery of verbal ability in experimental group was significantly better than in control group (P ＜ 0.05).The active volume and extent in brain were significantly increased in both groups (P ＜0.05),and a comparison between the two groups showed that the changes in activation volume and extent of the brain were significantly greater extensive in experimental group than in the control group,especially in bilateral frontal lobe,cuneus,posterior cingulate gyrus,lingual gyrus,occipital lobe,splenium of corpus callosum,cerebellar hemisphere,and the left precentral gyrus,post-central gyrus,paracentral lobule,temporal lobes,angular gyrus,precuneus,and the right hippocampus,parahippocampus gyrus.Conclusion Acupuncture combined with speech therapy could cause changes in activation patterns of the brain areas,which may contribute to the improvement of verbal ability of the aphasic patients.

Objective To identify the point mutation of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase(SOD1) gene in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) family and observe the value of denaturing high performance liquid chromatography(DHPLC). Methods DHPLC and DNA sequencing were used to examine SOD1 gene of the ALS family which had not been found mutation by PCR-SSCP. Results DHPLC tests proved double peaks in one member(Ⅲ_1), Which indicated the possibility of mutation in SOD1 exon 4. DNA sequencing revealed that there was a heterozygote,with mutation of GAA to GGA in exon 4, and with a substitution of glutacid by glycine. Conclusion As compared with PCR-SSCP, DHPLC technique has proved to be a rapid and reliable method for screening mutation site in large samples.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of brinzolamide combined with travoprost in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma.Methods 112 cases(140 eyes)of open-angle glaucoma patients from March 2015 to March 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the group A and the group B 56 cases(70 eyes)in each group.The group A was treated with travoprost therapy,while the group B was given travoprost combined with brinzolamide treatment,the adverse reactions and clinical curative effects in the two groups were observed and compared during treatment.Results After two weeks,one months,three months and six months in the two groups intraocular pressure were significantly lower than those before treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but in two weeks,one months,three months and six months in the group B the intraocular pressure was significantly lower than that in the group A,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,two groups of BUT and ST were decreased significantly lower than before treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between BUT and ST after treatment,two groups of corneal fluorescein staining and ocular; Bengal staining scores were all significantly higher than before treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),however,there was no significant difference in corneal fluorescein staining and ocular surface of rose bengal staining between the two groups.There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups.Conclusion Brinzolamide combined with travoprost can reduce the intraocular pressure of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma,but can reduce tear film stability,damage the cornea,conjunctiva,reduce tear secretion,there is some damage to the conjunctiva,cornea,similar with travoprost.