Background Congenital cataract is the major cause of blindness in children with plentiful clinical manifestations and closely linked with genetics. Objective Present study was to investigate the classification of congenital cataract in Yunnan province.Methods The manifestation characteristics of 184 eyes of 116 patients with congenital cataract in Yunnan province were analyzed.The relationship of performance of various types of congenital cataract between phenotype and hereditary feature were explored. Results All of the 116 congenital cataract eyes from 116 patients were divided into ten types based on the clinical appearance,including the complete cataract,nuclear cataract,posterior polar cataract,anterior polar cataract,coralliform cataract,coronary cataract,pulverulent cataracts,lamellar cataract and blue cataract.Bilateral nuclear cataract and unilateral entire cataract is most prevalent in these patients.Blue cataract and coralliform cataract belong to the less types.Forty-four in 116 cases were found to have the hereditary history and determined as autosomal dominant inheritance.Sporadic cases were determined in 72 cases.Conclusions The analysis of phenotype of the hereditary congenital cataract offers some clues to the classification of congenital cataract.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of the anti-podocyte antibody in the pathogenesis of membranous nephropathy(MN).Methods Thirty-six frozen section slice from biopsies of normal kidney were randomly divided into 3 groups:A,B and C groups(n=12,respectively),then,serum of MN and IgA nephropothy patients,and normal saline were added by drops to frozen section respectively,then the changes were observed by fluorescence microscope.Twenty-one male New Zealand white rabbits were feed with standard diet for 1 week,then were randomly divided into 3 groups:D,E,F groups (n=7,respectively),and injected with the serum of MN and IgA nephropathy,and normal saline respectively through ear-border vein.24-h urinary protein, serumalbumin, serumcreatinineweredetected. Atweek8afterinjection, the histopathological changes in kidney tissue of rabbits were observed by light microscope,electron microscope and immunofluorescence staining. Results Immunofluorescenee staining displayed IgG deposition in glomerular podocytes in group A,and there was no positive expression in other two groups.The quantitative measurement of 24-h urinary protein increased significantly after injection of MN serum (P＜0.01),meanwhile the serum albumin markedly decreased (P＜0.01).The inmnunofluorescence staining showed that IgG deposited in the glomerulus capillaries wall,which presented spherical particles.Light microscope revealed the thickening of GBM without nailing process formation.Electron microscope showed the podocyte foot processes,subepithelial dense deposits.Such pathological changes were not found in E group and F group.Conclusion There is anti-podocyte antibody in blood of MN patients,which may play a role in the pathogenesis of MN.

Background Certain relationship has been found between phenotype and genes mutation of congenital cataract.It is clear that different genetic mutations can cause the same complication in congenital cataract,meanwhile,different complications may be caused by the same gene mutation.However,their mechanism is still remained unclear.Objective This study was to observe the phenotype of congenital cataract accompanied with iris dysplasia.Methods Fifteen patients with congenital cataract accompanied with iris dysplasia were included in this study.The slit lamp,gonioscope and ophthalmoscope were used for the examination of the anterior ocular segment,the anterior chamber angle and fundus on all the patients.This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of Second People' s Hospital of Yunnan Province.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient or the custodian prior to any medical procedure.Results All the patients showed binocular involvement.Congenital nuclear cataract with whole coloboma of iris was seen in 7 cases,and 2 cases showed an entire cataract associated with incomplete coloboma of iris.Entire cataract with aniridia was diagnosed in 5 patients,and suture cataract complicated with aniridia was in 1 patient.Conclusions Some regular patterns can be implied between the morphological type of cataract and iris dysplasia,which may be helpful for further study of these diseases.

Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Incineration ; Industrial Waste ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Population Surveillance ; Refuse Disposal ; methods ; Risk Factors

Objective To explore the efficacy of low tidal volume ventilation strategy in children with acute hypoxia respiratory failure (AHRF).Methods A total of 79 hospitalized children with AHRF from Aug 2006 to Jul 2011 in PICU of Kunming Children's Hospital were enrolled in this study.The observation group in-cluded 55 children who received low tidal volume ventilation strategy (6-8 ml /kg),while the other 24 children (control group)were given traditional mechanical ventilation (10-12 ml /kg).Oxygenation situations such as PaO2 ,PaCO2 ,PaO2 /FiO2 ,oxygen index and blood gas pH value,organ function,mechanical ventilation complica-tions,hospitalization days and expenses in PICU and the mortality were observed.Results (1)PaO2 ,PaO2 /FiO2 and oxygen index in the observation group were better than those in control group after 24 h mechanical ventilation [(68.51 ±7.53)mmHg(1 mmHg =0.133 kPa)vs.(61.64 ±9.28)mmHg,(162.9 ±21.84)mmHg vs.(152.1 ± 19.03)mmHg,and 18.85 ±4.1 vs.26.53 ±5.2,respectively],and there were significant differences between two groups (P ﹤0.05);and there were also significant differences between two groups in the results after 48 h and 72 h mechanical ventilation.(2)The PaCO2 was (47.48 ±10.52)mmHg after 24 h in observation group,while the PaCO2 in control group was (30.17 ±6.59)mmHg,and it suggested excessive ventilation.(3)Mechanical venti-lation time (7.6 ±3.1)d and hospitalization days (12.8 ±3.6)d were shorter in observation group(P ﹤0.01). Barotrauma (7.3%)and mortality (20.0%)in observation group was significantly lower than those in control group (29.2%,41.6%;P ﹤0.01).The number of damaged organs in observation group was lower than that in control group (P ﹤0.05).Conclusion Low tidal volume ventilation with appropriate positive end expiratory pressure could improve oxygenation,prevent alveolar collapse,reduce complications and mortality for children with AHRF,it should be applied for the treatment of children with AHRF.

Purpose To report the c1inicopatho1ogica1 characteristics,diagnosis and differentia1 diagnosis of extranoda1 fo11icu1ar den-dritic ce11 sarcoma( FDCS)of the pharyngea1 region. Methods The c1inica1 features,histopatho1ogica1 changes and immunohisto-chemica1 findings were ana1yzed in three cases of FDCS with review of the re1ated 1iterature. Results Case 1,a 70-year-o1d man pres-ented with the comp1aint of a pain1ess mass in pharyngea1 region accompanied by shortness of breath for the past 2 months. Case 2,a 40-year-o1d woman presented with the comp1aint of pharyngea1 foreign body sensation and b1oody sputum for the past 1 month. Case 3, a 38-year-o1d man presented with the comp1aint of intermittent epistaxis for the past 2 months. 3 cases showed simi1ar morpho1ogies:the neop1astic ce11s were ovoid to spind1e-shaped,with indistinct ce11 borders,dispersed granu1ar chromatin,and scattered sma11 nuc1e-o1i. Notab1y,severa1 nuc1ear inc1usions were identified,and rare binuc1ear and mu1tinuc1eated ce11s were a1so present. There were main1y 3 kinds of growth patterns in the tumors:diffuse sheets,fascic1es,and storiform arrangements admixed with sma11 1ymphocytes, which sometimes gathered into a mass. Immunohistochemica11y,tumor ce11s( 3/3 )were strong1y and diffuse1y positive for fo11icu1ar dendritic ce11 markers CD21,CD23 and CD35. Tumor ce11s(3/3)were a1so diffuse1y positive for fascin and D2-40. Some tumor ce11s (1/3)were diffuse1y positive for CXCL-13. Ki-67 pro1iferation index was estimated at 6%-20%. Conclusions Extranoda1 FDCS of the pharyngea1 region is rare and misdiagnosis is frequent1y made. A comprehensive eva1uation of c1inica1 manifestations,patho1ogic features and immunohistochemica1 findings are essentia1 for definitive diagnosis.

Objective To study the effects of high matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP 9 ) on the biological behaviors of fibroblasts,in order to clarify the possible mechanisms in the wound healing of diabetic foot.Methods Establish the cell model of skin fibroblast with high expression of MMP 9 by high glucose (22.0 mmol/L) and high homocysteine (100 μmol/L) co-culture.Control group was incubated with normal glucose (5.5 mmol/L).Realtime PCR,ELISA and gelatin zymography were used to detect the MMP 9 mRNA,protein expression and activity of MMP 9.Flow cytometry,CCK-8,ELISA assay,scratch test and transwell were used to detect cell proliferation,viability,collagen (hydroxyproline) secretion,horizontal migration and vertical migration of cells.Results Data were expressed as (x- ± s).Differences were considered significant if their P value was ＜ 0.05.Results The expression of MMP 9 mRNA,protein levels and the activity of MMP 9 in high MMP 9 group were 6.05 folds,4.12 folds and 1.58 folds higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.01,respectively).The proportion of S phase cells,proliferation index,cell viability,collagen (hydroxyproline) secretion,6 h horizontal migration rate and the number of vertical migration cells in high MMP9 group decreased by 29.8 ％,18.1％,23.3 ％,68.7 ％,45.0 ％ and 21.4 ％ than those in control group (P ＜ 0.01,respectively ). Conclusions Fibroblast with high expression of MMP 9 have decreased proliferation,activity,collagen secretion and reduced migration,which suggests that MMP 9 may inhibit the biological behaviors of fibroblasts.

Recently, more and more public attention has been paid to nanomaterials in various fields. Especially, the preparation methods of core/shell nanoparticles have been drastically updated and developed. There exists great application prospect for the development of biosensing core/shell nanoparticles. This paper emphatically introduced the operation principle, preparation methods of biosensing core/shell nanopaticles and the latest application progress in electrochemical biosensor, optical biosensor and piezoelectric crystal biosensor.

Objective To evaluate the strictness and self-consistency of the charge nurses in the nurses examination using venipunctnre trocar operation as research object.Methods FACETS,the polyhedral Rasch software was used in the examination.Results The strictness and self-consistency of charge nurses were evidently different.Conclusions The variable strictness and self-consistency of the charge nurses in the examination leads to unreliability of the results.Developing a scientific and reliable evaluation system is essential to improve the ability of the teaching nurses and the student nurses as well as the hospital nursing quality.

Glioma ; pathology ; Humans ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; pathology