OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of four traditional Chinese medicines distributed along lung meridian, namely Ephedrae Hebra, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix and Mori Cortex, on TLR2 and NF-κB expressions in mice with lung heat syndrome, in order to study the intervention effect of the four traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) on the lung heat syndrome.

METHODOne hundred KM mice were randomly divided into the normal control group, the model group, the Ephedrae Hebra group, the Zingiberis Rhizoma group, the Scutellariae Radix group and the Mori Cortex group (20, 10 g x kg(-1)), nasally dripped with streptococcus pneumoniae to establish the mouse lung heat syndrome model, and then administered with different TCMs. The expressions of TLR2, NF-κB p65 proteins in lung tissues were analyzed by the immunohistochemical method. The expressions of TLR2, NF-κB p65 mRNA were measured by real time PCR.

RESULTCompared with the normal control group, the expressions of TLR2 and NF-κB p65 proteins in lung tissues in the model group were higher (P < 0.01), and the expressions of TLR2 and NF-κB p65 mRNA in lung tissues were up-regulated (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, Ephedrae Hebra high and low dose groups, the Zingiberis Rhizoma low dose group and the Scutellariae Radix high dose group showed decreased expression of TLR2 protein (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); Ephedrae Hebra high and low dose groups, the Zingiberis Rhizoma low dose group, Scutellariae Radix high and low dose groups and Mori Cortex high and low dose groups showed reduced expression of NF-κB p65 protein (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Ephedrae Hebra high and low dose groups, Zingiberis Rhizoma high and low dose groups, Scutellariae Radix high dose group and Mori Cortex high dose group showed down-regulated expression of TLR2 mRNA (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONEphedrae Hebra, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix and Mori Cortex can induce the TLR2/NF-κB inflammatory signal pathways by down-regulating the expressions of TLR2 and NF-κB p65 in protein and mRNA, so as to alleviate the lung tissue injury in mice with lung heat syndrome.

Animals ; Down-Regulation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; classification ; pharmacology ; Female ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Meridians ; Mice ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; Pneumonia, Pneumococcal ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; chemistry ; Species Specificity ; Syndrome ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transcription Factor RelA ; genetics ; metabolism

Abstract?AIM: To investigate the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate ( EGCG ) against oxidative stress induced by high glucose in human lens epithelium ( HLE) cells.? METHODS: The HLE cell oxidative damage model induced by high concentration glucose was established, and was intervented with different concentrations of EGCG. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay, cell morphology was investigated by convert microscope, cells apoptosis was assayed by flow cytometry with Hoechst-PI staining. Moreover, the levels of super oxide dismutase ( SOD) , glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde ( MDA) in supernatant were also tested after different treatment either with high concentration glucose or with different concentrations of EGCG.?RESULTS: MTT results showed that HLE cells activity increased to 50. 33%± 3. 52% and 63. 33%± 4. 63% after treated with 10 μmol/L and 100 μmol/L EGCG respectively, the difference was statistically significant compared with oxidative injury group(32. 67%±3. 10%)(P<0. 05 ); HLE cells maintained better morphology intervented with EGCG under high glucose conditions, the number of apoptotic cells reduced, SOD and GSH-Px level within HLE cells increased and MDA levels decreased.?CONCLUSION:EGCG plays its strong antioxidant effect by increasing SOD, GSH-Px content and decreasing MDA content in cells, therefore provides a reliable experimental basis for the search for effective prevention and treatment of cataract drug.

Objective: To develop a new method for the determination of Jujubaside A in Semen Ziziphi Spinosae. Method: A RP-HPLC method was set up, using Hypersil-18 column, acetonitrile∶water(30∶70) as　mobile phase with a flow rate of　0.8　ml.min-1. Result: The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.076～0.456　mg.The average recovery was 93.5%.Conclusion:The method is appropriate for the determination of Jujubaside A.

Background and Objective: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)not only initiates invasion and metastasis of tumors, but also induces multidrug resistance in tumor cells.Our experiment analyzed the dependability between breast cancer resistant protein(BCRP)and EMT in breast cancer to explore the effect of EMT on BCRP-mediated multidrug resistance.Methods:The expressions of BCRP and transcription inhibitor Snail(Snail)in breast cancer were detected by immunohistochemistry.The eukaryotic expression vector pCDNA3.1-Snail was constructed and then transfected into human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Snail, epithelial marker gene E-cadherin,interstitial marker gene Vimentin, multidrug resistance protein BCRP, and relative drug resistance were measured by immunofluorescence,Western blot,real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR), and MTT assay. Results:Immunohistochemistry showed that Snail Was highly correlated with BCRP in breast cancer.Immunofluorescence,Western blot,and real-time PCR revealed that compared with parent cell MCF-7, after transfected with Snail,the expression of E-cadherin in MCF-7 decreased,but Snail,Vimentin,and BCRP increased.MTT displayed that the relative drug resistarice increased to 9.93.onclusion: After transfected with eukaryotic expression vector pCDNA3.1-Snail,breast cancer cells MCF-7 showed EMT with BCRP-mediated multidrug resistance.

The microstructures of ibuprofen-hydroxypropyl-bets-cyclodextrin (IBU-HP-beta-CyD) and ibuprofen-beta-cyclodextrin (IBU-beta-CyD) were observed by atomic force microscope (AFM). The high resolving capability of AFM has the tungsten filament probe with the spring constant of 0.06 N x m(-1). Samples were observed in a small scale scanning area of 10.5 nm x 10.5 nm and 800 x 800 pixels. The original scanning images were gained by tapping mode at room temperature. Their three-dimensional reconstruction of microstructure was performed by G3DR software. The outer diameters of HP-beta-CyD and beta-CyD are 1.53 nm. The benzene diameter of IBU is 0.62 nm, fitting to the inner diameters of HP-beta-CyD and beta-CyD. The benzene and hydrophobic chain of IBU enter into the hole of cyclodextrin at 1:1 ratio. The results were evidenced by IR, X-ray diffraction and the phase solubility.
2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin ; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Ibuprofen ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; methods ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared ; X-Ray Diffraction ; beta-Cyclodextrins ; chemistry

Objective: To investigate and analyze distribution characteristics of two multidrug resistance related genes in broiler isolates in Shandong province. Methods: The pre slaughter broilers were chosen from Shandong province in this study in June, 2014. A total of 400 fecal samples from five different zones (east, south, west, north and middle) of the hen house were collected. 373(77.2%) Escherichia coli and 110 (22.8%) Klebsiella pneumonia strains were isolated, and ISCR1 and int1 gene were detected by PCR assay and sequencing. The resistance to 10 drugs belonging to 8 classes antimicrobial drugs were obtained by using minimal broth dilution method and data analysis. The difference between isolates and drug resistance profiles was analyzed. Results: Among 483 isolates, 440 isolates (91.1%), 126 isolates (26.1%) and 126 isolates (26.1%) were detected as int1, ISCR1 and both two gene carriers, respectively. The rate of 37 E. coli isolates not carried ISCR1 or int1 gene resistant to 0 to 2, 3 to 5, 6 to 8 classes antimicrobial agents was 13.5% (n=5), 78.4% (n=29), and 8.1% (n=3), respectively; the rate of 288 only int1 gene E. coli carriers resistant to 0 to 2, 3 to 5, 6 to 8 groups antimicrobial agents was 2.4% (n=7), 74.7% (n=215), and 22.9% (n=6), respectively. The data above showed significant difference (P<0.001). The rate of 26 only int1 gene K. pneumonia carriers resistant to 0 to 2, 3 to 5, 6 to 8 classes antimicrobial agents was 11.5% (n=3), 76.9% (n=20), and 11.5% (n=3), respectively; the rate of 78 both two gene K. pneumonia carriers resistant to0 to 2, 3 to 5, 6 to 8 groups antimicrobial agents was 0, 35.9% (n=28), and 64.1% (n=50), respectively. The data above showed significant difference (P<0.001). Conclusion Gene int1 and ISCR1 showed high prevalence in E. coli and K. pneumonia isolates. High level multi-drug resistance profile could be mediated by int1 and ISCR1 gene co-existence.

OBJECTIVETo study the treatment strategy and prognosis and its affected factors of lung squamous cancer according retrospective analysis.

METHODSClinic data of 450 lung squamous cancer inpatient cases who were performed complete resection from January 2004 to January 2007, was retrospectively reviewed. There were 363 male and 87 female patients, aged from 31 to 82 years, with a mean of 60.5 years and a median of 62 years.

RESULTSThe overall 5-year survival rate was 52.4%. Cox Regression suggested that preoperative N status (χ(2) = 18.969, P = 0.000), N stage (χ(2) = 44.069, P = 0.000) and TNM stage (χ(2) = 63.025, P = 0.000) are independent factors affecting the prognosis. Adjuvant chemotherapy affects the prognosis of stage II-IIIA lung squamous cancer (5-year survival rate: 48.9% vs. 37.7%, χ(2) = 3.946, P = 0.047). Studying the combined therapy of stage IIIA, the chemoradiotherapy group achieved the best survival (48.8%), then single chemotherapy group (35.9%) and no treatment group (28.5%), and the single radiotherapy group achieved the poorest survival rate (11.1%), and there were statistically significant differences among them (χ(2) = 8.397, P = 0.038).

CONCLUSIONSThe 5-year survival rate of lung squamous cancer has significantly increased through promoting the standard of operation, especially increasing the standard of lymph node dissection. Adjuvant chemotherapy is benefit for stage II-IIIA patients and combined chemoradiotherapy is the best choice for stage IIIA patients. If preoperative examination suggests mediastinal lymph node's enlargement and fusion, the operation should not be performed.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; mortality ; therapy ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; mortality ; therapy ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2)-siRNA on the inflammatory response of rat cardiomyocytes (H9C2) induced by septic serum and to investigate the possible role of UCP2 in the development of septic cardiomyopathy.

METHODSSerum samples were separately collected from normal rats and septic rats. Cultured rat cardiac cells (H9C2) were randomly divided into blank control, normal serum, 10% septic serum, UCP2-siRNA+10% septic serum and negative siRNA+10% septic serum groups. Stimulation with 10% septic serum was performed for 12 hours in relevant groups. The mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) was measured by RT-PCR. The expression of phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was measured by Western blot.

RESULTSThe expression levels of p-p38 and NF-κB in the UCP2-siRNA+10% septic serum group were significantly higher than in the 10% septic serum group (P<0.05). The UCP2-siRNA+10% septic serum group had a significantly higher TNF-α mRNA expression than the 10% septic serum group (P<0.01), but IL-1β mRNA expression showed no significant difference between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONSUCP2 plays a regulatory role in the activation of p38 MAPK and NF-κB and the expression of downstream inflammatory mediators in H9C2 cells stimulated with septic serum.

Animals ; Cardiomyopathies ; etiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Inflammation ; etiology ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; Ion Channels ; genetics ; physiology ; Male ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; genetics ; physiology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sepsis ; blood ; complications ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; Uncoupling Protein 2 ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

Tanshinone Ⅱ A (Tan Ⅱ A) is an extract of traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza,which can play a natural antioxidant effect.It is mainly used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.Which has anti-atherosclerosis,reduced myocardial infarct size and improve myocardial oxygen consumption,inhibition of thrombosis,inhibition of platelet aggregation,antitumor activity and other effects,and are mainly used for the treatment of cardiovascular disease in clinical applications.In recent years,a large number of clinical studies and animal experiments have confirmed that tanshinone Ⅱ A in the inhibition of colon cancer cell proliferation,promote cell apoptosis,promote cell invasion and metastasis and other aspects of prominent anti-cancer effect,making it the object of concern to researchers.In this paper,tanshinone ⅡA anti-colon cancer effect of studies were reviewed.

Objective:To investigate and analyze the hospital staff and patients, awareness about anesthesiologists′ work.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among the hospital staff in the non-anesthesiology departments and non-operating room and the patients undergoing elective surgery at the same time in tertiary hospitals.Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting the level of awareness of the respondents.Results:Sixty point three percent of the respondents had a low level of awareness about the anesthesiologists′ work.Compared with the patients, the physicians ( OR=2.866, 95%CI: 1.405-5.848) had higher level of awareness.There was no significant difference in the levels of awareness among the nurses ( OR=1.633, 95%CI: 0.815-3.273), medical technicians ( OR=1.359, 95%CI: 0.630-2.935), administrative staff ( OR=1.470, 95%CI: 0.651-3.317) and the patients.The respondents, aged 36-50 yr ( OR=1.848, 95%CI: 1.224-2.792), with master′s degree ( OR=2.068, 95%CI: 1.090-3.925) and bachelor′ s degree ( OR=3.624, 95%CI: 1.701-7.723), had higher level of awareness, and the respondents without history of anesthesia and surgery ( OR=0.574, 95%CI: 0.380-0.867) and without medicine-related education background ( OR=0.354, 95%CI: 0.145-0.865) had lower level of awareness. Conclusion:There is insufficient awareness about anesthesiologists′ work among hospital staff and patients.Hospital staff are generally better than patients in terms of the level of awareness, but there are differences among different job categories.There is no significant difference in the level of awareness among nurses, medical technicians, administrative staff and patients.The respondents who are middle-aged, with higher education level, with history of anesthesia and surgery and with medicine-related education background, have higher level of awareness.