Objective To investigate the effective nursing measures of reducing the complications of intratra-cheal suction about mechanical ventilation patients to improve airway nursing quality. Methods 80 patients with ar-tificial air passage mechanical ventilation were divided into Control group (Group one, 40 cases) and Testing group (Group two, 40 cases) randomly. In the control group, suck at regular time after injecting normal saline solution in-to the in-airway (in order to diluted the sputum). There are improvement that nursing measures in testing group. For sample, suck sputums according to demands, choose appropriate sucking sputums tube, control the deepth of sucking sputum tube, adjust the negative pressure based on the deepth of sucking sputum tube, give pure oxygen two to three minutes before and after the suction, strengthen the airway humidfication, lubricate the sucking sputum tube with chlorotetracycline eye ointment, etc. Complications of intratracheal suction were compared in two groups. Results The comparison showed that the complications have a significant statistical difference in sputum obstruction, SpO2 de-scending to 80 percent and below during suction and airway mucous membrane traumatic hemorrhage. (P < 0.01). Conclusion The improved intratracheal suction will decrease the complications obviously like sputum obstruction, SpO2 reducing to 80 percent and below during suction and airway mucous membrane traumatic hemorrhage.

Objective We aimed to develop a safe, comfortable and effective perineal washer, which prevent perineum wound from infection and improve the healing of perineal wound. Methods The perineal washer was made from high polymer medical material, including two metal catheters, pressing gasbag, medical yoke and dicty blow head. We divided women patients after vagina delivery with perineum wound or after caesarean section into the observation group and the control group randomly with 120 cases in each group from Janurary to October 2007. The control group was given perineal washing by routine washing pot and cotton ball with forceps. The observation group received perineal washing by perineal washer with cleaning fluid and was scrubbed by sponge brash. The elimination of wood swelling, the healing of perineum healing, the urinary infection for patients with indwelling urinary catheterization and patients comfort degree were observed in the two groups. Results Statistical difference existed between the two groups in such aspects, elimination of wound swelling wound healing urinary tract infection and patients comfort degree, P<0.05 or P<0.01. Conclusions Adoption of self designed perineal washer accompanied with sponge brush could completely delete bacteria and inflammatory secretion deep in the vagina and prevent the incidence of infection. It not only could hasten the elimination of wound swelling, alleviate the pain and wound healing, but also was easily developed and portable to use. It provided a new and effective method for perineal washing and is worth clinical application.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between rater-ratee similarities/differences in some individual characteristics and organizational citizenship behavior(OCB) appraisal. Methods: 103 vertical dyads were assessed by Personality Scale for Enterprise Managers and Chinese OCB Scale. Results: There existed significantly positive correlations between similarities in seven demographic indices and other-oriented OCB dimensions; differences in personality traits correlated significantly negatively with some dimensions of OCB appraisal; age difference had non-liner regression relationship with other-oriented OCB dimensions.Conclusion: Similarities/differences of individual characteristics related closely with OCB appraisal.

Objective:To investigate the effects and mechanism of Ginseng polysaccharides (GPS) on glycosaminoglycan synthesis in rat chondrocytes in vitro.Methods:Chondrocytes isolated from knee joint cartilage of rats were subcultured.After monolayers were established,chondrocytes induced by 20 ng·ml-1 IL-1β were treated with GPS respectively at the concentration of 2,10 and 50 ng ·ml-1for 48 h.The effects of GPS on chondrocytes were analyzed using MTT assay for chondrocyte proliferation and 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue assay for GAG content.mRNA content in xylosyltransferase-Ⅰ(XylT-Ⅰ),galactosyltransferase-Ⅰ(GalT-Ⅰ),galactosyltransferase Ⅱ(GalT-II) and galactose-β-1,3-glucuronosyltransferase Ⅰ(GlcAT-Ⅰ) and that in matrix-degrading enzymes matrix metalloproteinases-3 (MMP-3) and aggrecanase-1and aggrecanase-2 was also detected.Results:GPS had no toxic or proliferating effect on chondrocytes at all observed concentrations.GPS at the concentrations of 10 ng·ml-1 and 50 ng·ml-1 up-regulated GAG synthesis (P<0.01).10 ng·ml-1 GPS enhanced the mRNA expression of XylT-Ⅰ (P<0.01),and 50 ng·ml-1 GPS enhanced the mRNA expression of XylT-Ⅰ,GalT-Ⅰ and GalT-II (P<0.05,P<0.01).GPS did not inhibit the mRNA expression of matrix-degrading enzymes MMP-3 and aggrecanase-1and aggrecanase-2 enhanced by IL-1β.Conclusion:GPS can improve GAG synthesis in IL-1β stimulated chondrocytes in vitro,which is due to the expression promotion of GAG synthesis enzymes without the expression inhibition of matrix-degrading enzymes.

Objective To analyze the stages of liver fibrosis in patients aged older than 40 with normal ALT.Methods 84 patients with chronic HBV infected were investigated in this study. Liver function, HBeAg, HBVDNA, serum liver fibrosis indexes were tested. And liver biopsy was taken in all the patients and the tissues were stained with HE and Masson.Results 73.4% patients were at fibrosis stage 2-4. The serum fibrosis indexes correlated with the fibrosis stage of liver histology. While the levels of HBeAg and HBVDNA didn't correlate with the severity of liver fibrosis.Conclusion Liver fibrosis of patients older than 40-year-old should be analyzed synthetically with many clinical indexes. These patients should be administered with antifibrosis therapy to prevent the progression of liver cirrhosis.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the characteristics of drug-induced eye impairment.METHODS:206 cases of drug-induced eye impairment reported in internal medical journals published from Jan.1998 to Dec.2005 were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:The drug-induced eye impairment was mostly induced by anti-infective drugs,hormones,nervous system drugs.The impairment was manifested predominantly by glaucoma,keratitis,scleritis;retinopathy,hyphema,xeroma,damage of corneal epithelium and visual disorder etc.CONCLUSION:Clinicians should pay great attention to the drug-induced eye impairment for it can lead to a decline in eyesight or even loss of eyesight.

The liver X receptor(LXR) is one of the nuclear receptors related to metabolic syndrome.LXR plays an important role in the balance of cholesterol and lipid metabolism.LXR has been found to increase the utilization of glucose,decrease the insulin resistance,and simultaneously has an adverse effect in islet β cell.LXR influences fat cell differentiation and reduces expression of the obese gene then cause obesity.It also participates the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver and control the atherosclerosis.LXR is involved in inflammatory responses in macrophages and lymphocytes.The ability of LXR to integrate metabolic and inflammatory signaling makes it particularly attractive target for intervention in human metabolic diseases.In this review,we summarize the studies of LXR,clarify the LXR in the prospects for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.

Objective:To summary the experience of the treatment of the patient in perioperative period with TAPVC.Methods:24 children(Male/Female 16/8)with TAPVC corrective operation were collected from March 2007 to June 2009,which age from 10 d to 182m(16.78?37.30)m and weight from 2.8～36 kg(7.00?6.83)kg.The care and treatment were applied to all cases after surgery,which included mechanical ventilation and continually low-does inotropic agents.Results:Two cases died postoperatively of pneumorrhagia and infection complicated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,respectively.The period of mechanical ventilation was 3～393(72.83? 80.63)h.The complication included low cardiac output syndrome(3 cases),pnmonia(11 cases),respiratory dysfunction(13 cases), arrhythmia(5 cases)and pneumorrhagia(1 case).Six cases were re-intubated children.Conclusion:TAPVC,especially with obstrction of pulmonary venous,should be surgically correced as earlier as possible to prevent pulmonary pertention and fibrosis of pulmonary venous.Pneumonia and respiratory dysfunction are the most important reason for prolonged ventilation time and ICU stay after cardiac surgery.Therefore,optimal respiratory management and prevention of low cardiac output will be beneficial for intensive care after TAPVC corrective operation.

Eddy current is one of the most important factors that influence image quality during the process of magnetic resonance imaging. This paper analyzes the reason that eddy current appears and introduces several methods to compensate it. A new method to adjust parameters of eddy current compensation is developed, which proves efficient to enhance image quality through XGY OPER-0.3 MRI system.

Objective:To study the biological functions of bone marrow macrophage (BMM ?) and to establish the methodology of separation, purification, cultivation and identification of BMM ?.Methods:Using the techniques of anchorage-dependent culture of separated rat bone marrow cell (rBMC) in DMEM culture media (contain 20% horse serum,20% (v/v)L 929 conditioned media) in vitro,a lot of purified anchor cells were obtained, and these cells were identified with specifically biological marker of macrophage, such as 1, morphologicalobservation:invert phase contrast microscopy, light and electron microscopy;2, enzyme cytochemistry:acid phosphatase (ACP),?-acetic acid naphthol esterase (?-ANE);3,phagocytic experiment:phagocytosis of chicken erythrocytes and prepared Chinese ink;4,immunocytochemistry: surface specific antigen of macrophage ( CD 68 stain).Results:The cells were purified having functional satisfactory macrophage according to morphological observation,enzyme cytochemistry, phagocytic experiment and immunocytochemistry.Conclusion:This is a simple and easy method for separation, purification, cultivation and identification of rat marrow macrophage.