OBJECTIVETo evaluate the protective effects of punicosides on alcohol induced acute liver injury in mice and its possible mechanisms as well.

METHODThe 60 mice were randomly divided into normal control, model group, three dose groups of punicosides with low, medium and high, then there is silibinin group. Three dose groups of punicosides and silibinin were given in advance by gavage for 4 weeks, then the mouse model of alcoholic acute liver injury was established. The serum levels of ALT, AST and TG were determined, and the mice were killed to calculate somatic index of liver, thymus as well as spleen. MDA, SOD, GSH-Px and GSH-ST were detected in the liver homogenate. Histopathological changes of the liver were observed by HE staining. The expression of MCP-1 and NF-kappaB in the liver tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTMid and high dose of punicosides reduced the liver index in mice significantly, improved liver steatosis, decreased the level of ALT, AST and TG in serum and the content of MDA in liver homogenate, furthermore the two dose groups increased the activity of SOD, GSH-Px and GSH-ST, inhibited the expression of MCP-1 and NF-kappaB in liver tissue.

CONCLUSIONPunicosides can protect the acute liver damage induced by alcohol.

Alcohols ; adverse effects ; Animals ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chemokine CCL2 ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; pathology ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Mice ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism

Background:Damage of intestinal mucosal barrier is a key factor in the development and progress of acute pancreatitis(AP),and is closely related with the prognosis of the disease. Aims:To investigate the protective effect and possible mechanism of mucoprotective agent teprenone on intestinal mucosal barrier in rats with experimental AP. Methods:Forty-five adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group(n = 5),AP model group(n = 20)and teprenone treated group(n = 20). AP model was established by subcutaneous injection of cerulein at abdominal wall. Rats in treated group were intervened with teprenone intragastrically before and after model establishment. ELISA was used for measurement of serum interleukin-1(IL-1),IL-6,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and amylase;histopathological and ultrastructural changes of small intestinal mucosa were observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscope;Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of tight junction protein occludin and ZO-1. Results:Serum levels of IL-1,IL-6,TNF-α and amylase in AP model group were significantly higher than those in normal control group(P < 0. 05),accompanied by necrosis and exfoliation of small intestinal villus,widening of intercellular tight junctions and downregulation of occludin and ZO-1 expression. While in teprenone treated group,serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines and amylase were significantly decreased as compared with AP model group(P < 0. 05),the villus of small intestine remained intact,and dense tight junctions were observed. Expressions of occludin and ZO-1 in teprenone treated group were upregulated. Conclusions:Teprenone may protect against intestinal mucosal barrier injury in AP model rats by upregulating tight junction protein expression.

Objective To investigate the effect of apatinib on the proliferation,apoptosis and migration of pancreatic cancer cell line AsPC-1 in vitro.Methods Pancreatic cancer AsPC-1 cells were treated by apatinib in different concentrations.Cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured by CCK-8 and flow cytometry,and the effect of apatinib on cell migration ability was observed by wound healing assay.Results In control and 10,20,30,40 and 50umol/L apatinib treatment group,the inhibitory rates of AsPC-1 cells were 0,(1.45 ±0.68)％,(16.92±0.70)％,(23.84±0.84)％,(34.35±1.55)％ and (37.33± 0.81) ％,respectively.Cell proliferation was obviously inhibited by apatinib as the concentration increased,and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).In control and 20,40 umol/L apatinib treatment group,the apoptotic rates were (9.44 ± 0.18) ％,(16.62 ± 0.19) ％ and (25.42 ± 0.41) ％,respectively.Number of apoptotic cells was obviously increased by apatinib as the concentration increased,and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).In control and 20,40 umol/L apatinib treatment group,the migration ability was (29.5 ± 0.7) ％,(17.4 ± 0.9) ％ and (6.6 ± 0.5) ％,which was greatly decreased as the concentration increased,and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Apatinib can effectively inhibit the proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer AsPC-1 cells and induce apoptosis.

Objective To observe the changes of zymophagy during experimental acute pancreatitis (AP) induced by caerulein.Methods Pancreatic acinar cell line AR42J cells were cultured in 6-well plates till 90％ confluent and then divided into AP group and control group.Caerulein (1 × 10-8 mol/L) was added into AP group to establish AP cell model,and 1640 cell culture medium was added into control group.After caerulein treated for one,four,six,eight,12 and 24 hours,cells and cell culture supernatant were collected.The levels of cytokine interleukin (IL)-1,tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α,trypsinogen activation (TAP) and amylase were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.The expression of LC3 and Beclin1 at mRNA of each group were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The LC3B protein level of each group were detected by Western blotting.The changes of autophagosome and zymophagosome were observed by transmission electron microscopy.The difference between AP group and control group was analyzed by analysis of variance.Results The level of IL-1,TNFα,amylase and TAP in cell culture supernatant of control group was (18.83±7.10) pg/mL,(14.20±3.79) pg/mL,(10.03±2.85) U/L and (39.48±8.62) pg/mL,respectively.Those of AP group significantly increased at first hour ((62.13±11.25) pg/mL,F=3.32,P＜0.01 ; (30.98±7.11) pg/mL,F=3.05,P＜0.05; (25.06±6.82) U/L,F=2.90,P＜0.05 and (128.51± 18.30) pg/mL),F=2.62,P＜0.01,at fourth or sixth hour reached peak (IL-1 at fourth hour:(71.96± 15.82) pg/mL,F=7.25,P＜0.01;TNFα at sixth hour:(39.92±8.94) pg/mL,F=4.93,P＜0.05; amylase at fourth hour:(28.83 ± 8.31) U/L,F=2.06,P＜0.05; TAP at fourth hour:(146.29± 29.36) pg/mL,F=0.14,P＜0.01) and then gradually decreased.At fourth and sixth hour,the expression of LC3 at mRNA level in AP group was 3.18±0.82,1.71±0.14,respectively,while the expression of Beclin-1 rnRNA at first,fourth hour was 2.44±0.34 and 4.13±0.30,all of them were significantly increased compared with those of control group (0.21±0.04 and 0.30±0.08,LC3 mRNA F=0.79、0.06; Beclin mRNA F=2.31、0.36,all P＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences at other time points.The numbers of autophagosome and zymophagosome of AP group were significantly higher than those of control group under transmission electron microscopy.Conclusion Zymophagy occurred during AP cell model induced by caerulein,which suggested that zymophagy might involve in the mechanism of AP.

Objective To screen college students contacts of tuberculosis index cases among colleges located in Haidian District,Beijing,so as to provide evidence for the modification of screening strategies for college students.Method The purified protein derivative test (PPD) and chest X-ray examination were carried out in colleges,located in Haidian District from March 2015 to March 2016.The basic demographic characteristics,tuberculosis infection and detection of patients,etc were analyzed.Results A total of 88 cases of tuberculosis index cases were diagnosed,and 3 604 college students contacts were detected 16 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were detected among close contacts,and all patients were negative,the detection rate was 443.95/100 000.Among the 3 604 close contacts,the positive rate of PPD was 8.32％.With the increase of the diameter of the PPD reaction,the detection rate of tuberculosis patients increased significantly (xtrend =8.06,P ＜0.001).During the period of outbreak,the PPD positive rate and the detection rate of patients were significantly higher than that of non-outbreak period,and the difference was statistically significant(all P ＜0.05).Conclusions It is necessary to strengthen the screening of tuberculosis among college students,and to find out the infected persons and patients as early as possible,so as to prevent the outbreak of tuberculosis.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of consciousness-restoring needling combined with comprehensive rehabilitation training on motor function and the activities of daily living of poststroke patients with hemiplegia. Methods Sixty qualified patients were evenly randomized into observation group and control group. All of the patients were given conventional medicine treatment and conventional rehabilitation training, and the treatment group was given consciousness-restoring needling additionally. The therapeutic effects were compared at the end of first session of treatment for 4 weeks and 12 weeks after the first session of treatment. The Fugl-Meyer motor assessment scale (FMA), modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale ( SS-QQL) were taken as the main evaluation indexes. Results The differences of FMA, MBI and SS-QOL scores were insignificant between the two groups before treatment ( P>0.05). At the end of treatment for 4 weeks, FMA, MBI and SS-QOL scores were increased in the two groups (P<0.05), and the increase was more obvious in the observation group (P<0.05). The results of follow-up till the 12th week showed that FMA, MBI and SS-QOL scores were still higher than the baseline level ( P<0.05). Conclusion Consciousness-restoring needling combined with comprehensive rehabilitation training has better effect on improving motor function and the activities of daily living of poststroke hemiplegia patients than comprehensive rehabilitation training alone.

Objective With density in healthy people pharyngeal flora of the reference[1],study the respiratory tract infection and the treatment process of the change of density and pharyngeal flora infection treatment of correlation analysis,by using the density of the pharyngeal flora changes to evaluate the treatment of patients with respiratory tract infection and progno-sis.Methods Collected 102 cases of patients with upper respiratory tract infection and 219 cases of lower respiratory tract infection in patients with pharyngeal swab for bacterial culture,study clinical symptom change with the change of pharyngeal bacteria density of correlation.Results 62 cases of upper respiratory tract infection and the treatment group patients with pharyngeal flora normal no treatment group on the symptoms improved and recovered,no statistical difference (P >0.05), and 60 patients with upper respiratory tract infection and pharyngeal abnormal bacterium group the treatment group and treatment group in pharyngeal flora and CPIS score was statistically difference (P <0.05).For 219 patients with lower re-spiratory tract,including 121 cases of bacterial pneumonia,74 cases of severe pneumonia,and 24 cases of patients with lung abscess treatment observation,found that when back to normal pharyngeal flora,the accuracy of clinical pathological changes were 92.6%,86.5% and 87.5%,respectively.Conclmion Pharyngeal bacteria density between healthy people maintained a certain bacteria species and the number of stable,but when respiratory infections bacteria can disorders with the application of broad-spectrum antibiotics can lead to serious result in pharyngeal dysbacteriosis should be combined with pharyngeal bacteria in respiratory anti-infection treatment density changes to evaluate the clinical treatment,can reduce the number of days with antibiotics,patients with avoid induce drug-resistant bacteria and respiratory dysbacteriosis.