Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) was considered as a surgical contraindication in the past time. Only a few patients got lung transplantations or heart-lung transplantations due to lack of donors. Most of the patients had to choose conservative treatment to prolong their survival time. Recently, some clinical trials indicated targeted therapies in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) were effective for the treatment of ES. This article reviewed the recent advances in this area.

Accidents, Occupational ; Acetic Anhydrides ; Adult ; Blast Injuries ; complications ; therapy ; Burns, Inhalation ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Lung Injury ; etiology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To invetigate the effect and safety of sufentanil mixed levobupivacaine on postoperative analgesia in pediatric caudal block anesthesia.Method Sixty pediatric patients (2 ～ 6 years old) who were undergoing elective abdominal surgery,such as repair hernia of high ligation,were randomly divided into three groups with 20 cases each.after intravenous induction,0.25％ levobupivacaine was injected in sacrum tube in group Ⅰ,0.5 μg/ml sufentanil mixed 0.25％ levobupivacaine and 1.0 μg/ml sufentanil mixed 0.25％ levobupivacaine were injected in sacrum tube in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ respectively.The analgesia effect,the analgesia time,recover time and adverse reaction were observed and recorded 2,4,8,12,16,24 hours after the surgery.Results The analgesia effect in group Ⅱ、Ⅲ were significantly better than the group Ⅰ when 4、8、12 hours after the operation(P ＜0.05),and the analgesia effect in groupⅢ were significantly better than the group Ⅱ when 8 hours after the operation (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in three groups when 2、16、24 hours after the operation(P ＞0.05),the analgesia time in group Ⅱ、Ⅲ were significantly longer than the group Ⅰ (P ＜ 0.05),and the analgesia time in group Ⅲ were significantly longer than the group Ⅱ (P ＜ 0.05).There were no differences in the recovery time of three groups (P ＞ 0.05).There were no adverse reactions in three groups.Conclusions 0.5 μg/ml and 1.0 μg/ml sufentanil mixed 0.25％ levobupivacaine may be used on postoperative analgesia in pediatric caudal block anesthesia safely and analgesia effect and time were more better and longer than 0.25％ levobupivacaine singly.The analgesia effect in group with 1.0μg/ml sufentanil mixed 0.25％ levobupivacaine was the best in three groups with the fewest side effects.

Objective To understand the incidence of renal involvement of children with non Hodgkin′s lymphoma and to recognize its different CT findings. Methods The thoracic and abdominal plain and contrast enhanced CT of 30 cases of NHL in children were reviewed and all cases were confirmed by pathology. The changes in both pre and post chemotherapy were analysed in the 10 selected cases with renal involvement. Results CT demonstrated 6 cases of multiple masses and 1 case of multiple patchy lesions in bilateral kidneys. Two cases of single mass and 1 case of multiple masses were detected in single kidney. Conclusion The incidence of renal involvement of children with non Hodgkin′s lymphoma is relatively high. CT can clearly demonstrate the renal involvement of NHL, which is helpful for clinical stage, especially in the evaluation of the therapeutic effects. Hence, abdominal plain and contrast enhanced CT scan should be done in children with NHL.

WHO proposed the concept of intrinsic capacity in the World Report on Aging and Health in 2015.As the basis of functional ability in the elderly, intrinsic capacity plays an important role in maintaining the quality of life and promoting healthy aging.However, research on intrinsic capacity is still in its infancy.This article reviews research progress on intrinsic capacity, including the concept, domains, screening methods and its impact on the health of the elderly, in order to provide a reference for further research on this subject.

BACKGROUND:Pasteurization is a perfect method for albumin virus inactivation, which may not be required for virus inactivation validation. However, there are no systematical reports concerning virus inactivation of hemoglobin blood substitutes. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of pasteurization on the physicochemical properties and biological function of hemoglobin blood substitutes. METHODS:Appropriate cord blood samples were taken fol owed by centrifugation, washing blood, rupture of membranes, stabilizer treatment. In the control group, the samples were placed in 55℃water bath, and when the temperature of hemoglobin solution reached (55±1)℃, a heat treatment began and lasted for 2 hours. In the pasteurization group, the samples were placed in 60℃water bath, and when the temperature of hemoglobin solution reached (60±1)℃, a heat treatment began and lasted for 10 hours. The heating process was under continues nitrogen protection. Then, the hemoglobin solution was placed in ice bath and cooled to below 4℃fol owed by low-speed centrifugation and filtration via microporous membrane, purification and viral inactivation thereby to obtain cord blood hemoglobin. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The products in the pasteurization group were al red clear liquid. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the yield, methemoglobin concentration, and oxygen-carrying capacity. The purification of the two groups was more than 98%. Two kinds of purification methods had no effects on the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin. Therefore, pasteurization method can replace thermosensitive purification method of 55℃, 2 hours. The pasteurization method wil not only ensure the physicochemical and biological properties of hemoglobin, but also achieve the purpose of virus inactivation.

Objective To investigate the interactive mechanism of dopamine and α-synuclein in SH-SY5Y cells,and to explore their effects on Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods The concentration of exogenous dopamine was definited by MTT method.The effect of exogenous dopamine on the expressions of α-synuclein and caspase-3 active fragments and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were detected by Western blot and commercial kit.Recombinant plasmid of wild-type α-synuclein was transfected into SH-SY5Y cells.Level changes in dopamine concentration,MDA content and expression of caspase-3 active fragment were observed.Furthermore,the effect of GBR12935,an inhibitor of dopamine transporter,on these outcomes were detected.Results Intracellular dopamine concentration was increased by 16 folds in SH-SY5Y cells which were added 300 umol/L exogenous dopamine for 24 hours as compared with blank controls (t=7.32,P＜0.01).Expressions of α-synuclein and caspase-3 active fragments and MDA content were increased in exogenous dopamine treated group as compared with blank controls (t=4.92,17.14,6.55,all P＜0.01).Intracellular dopamine concentration,MDA content and expression of caspase-3 active fragment were increased in SH-SY5Y cells transfected with recombinant plasmid of wild-type α-synuclein as compared with SH-SY5Y cells transfected with empty plasmid (F =32.97.107.80,55.54,all P＜0.01),whlie these increases could be partially inhibited by GBR12935.Conclusions Dopamine promotes the expression of α-synuclein,while over-expressed α-synuclein increases intracellular dopamine concentration,which forms a vicious cycle of cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells.

Objective: Our aim was to observe the protective effect of propofol in clinical relevant concentration on the peroxidative injured erythrocyte. Methods: Intravenous blood samples taken from 20 healthy adults were prepared for red blood cell (RBC) suspensions and divided equally into 5 groups: groupⅠfor control, group Ⅱ with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 100 mmol/L) -induced injury, and group Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ with the same injury as the group Ⅱ but being pretreated with 3 different concentrations of propofol (25, 50, 75 μmol/L), respectively. The concentrations of potassium and malondialdehyde (MDA) in RBC suspensions and hemolytic degree after incubation were measured. Results: After 60-minute incubation, the extracellular potassium concentrations (0.16, 0.14, 0.14 mmol/L), MDA concentrations (5.66, 5.57, 6.20 nmol/L), and hemolytic degree (76.89%, 59.84%, 64.22%) decreased significantly in the groups that were pretreated with propofol as compared with the group Ⅱ (0.26 mmol/L, 9.19 nmol/L, and 100%), but no difference has been seen within the groups pretreated with 3 different concentrations of propofol and between the propofol-treated groups and the group Ⅰ(0.10 mmol/L, 4.13 nmol/L, 52.73%). Conclusion: Propofol in clinical relevant concentrations may decrease MDA production, hemolytic degree, and potassium exflux from erythrocyte in response to in vitro oxidative challenge with hydrogen peroxide and enhance erythrocyte antioxidant capacity. The protective effect is not related with concentrations.

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease with increasing prevalence,which causes great socioeconomic burden.Intestinal flora is the microbiota located in the human intestines,which are participating in human growth and development,physiological procedures,or even pathogenesis as a closely connected environmental factor.There have recently been rapid progresses in the research on the relationship between intestinal flora and type 2 diabetes in the field of endocrinology and metabolism.In this article,we reviewed the overall framework and research progress in the relationship between intestinal flora and type 2 diabetes,aiming to shed some light on the future research about this topic.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical distribution and resistance of Alcaligenes xylosoxidans,discussing risk factors of nosocomial infection and measures of prevention and treatment.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 1323 isolated strains of Al.xylosoxidans in our hospital from Sep 2004 to Aug 2006.RESULTS For specimen from which Al.xylosoxidans was examined,sputum accounted for 99.85%,being the highest percentage.Al.xylosoxidans was especially distributed at respiratory ward(46.94%) and intensive care unit(ICU) ward(12.77%).Then was cardiovascular ward,endocrinology ward and hematology ward.The antibiotic drugs which had the high drug-resistance rate(i.e.more than 98%) were aminoglycoside(amikacin and gentamicin),quinolone(ciprofloxacin) and cefepime.But the drug-resistance rate to carbapenems,?-lactam/?-lactamase inhibitor combinations and the third generation cepholosporins(cefoperazone and ceftazidime) was less than 5%.CONCLUSIONS It is important for clinic to strengthen the disinfection for hospital environment and to use antibiotic drugs reasonably in order to control colonization and spread of Al.xylosoxidans in hospital.