Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of FAS/FASL and spermatogenesis in the contralateral testis after unilateral testicular torsion in puberty Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods Five groups of side testicular torsion adolescence SD rats model were established as follows:group A as control group, group B for testicular torsion group,group C for testicular torsion plus methylprednisolone group, D for reverse side testes excision group, and Group E testes excision plus methylprednisolone group for reverse side. SD rats were treated with testicular resection and/or injection of methylprednisolone after torsion for 24 h. The rats were executed at postoperative 1 month, and contralateral testes were collected for histopathological examination. Expression of FAS and FASL was analyzed quantitatively by immunohistochemistry with a computer pathological image analysis system. Each rat was evaluated with regard to endocrine parameters (follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone ( LH) and testosterone ( T) by radioimmunoassay. Results Histopathological examination of the contralateral testes showed that either orchiectomy or orchiectomy plus methylprednisolone was more successful than no treatment. Fas/FasL protein in both control group and 4 experimental groups were expressed. B group showed more expression of FAS and FASL than that of the other groups. FSH, LH and T were normal in all cases. Conclusion Unilateral testicular torsion in puberty SD rats may result in higher expression of FAS and FASL, and accelerate germ cell apoptosis and subfertility. Methylprednisolone may decrease the expression of FAS and FASL and maintain spermatogenesis in the contralateral testis after the unilateral testicular torsion.

BACKGROUND: Systematic family therapy focuses on the interaction,and group counseling contributes to the improving of interpersonal relationship. To introduce the ideas and techniques of systematic family therapy into school situations, which is necessary to the peer relationship improvement of disliked children in the class.OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility of introducing the ideas and techniques of systematic family therapy into school situations with the aim of improving the peer relationship.DESIGN: Inequality experiment group and control group design.SETTING: Institute of Educational Sciences and Administration, Yunnan Normal University.PARTICIPANTS: The experiment was carried out in Kunming No.l Primary School from September 2000 to April 2001. Two out of three ordinary classes in Grade Six were chosen to take part in the experiment at the school. Both classes were similar in performance, total number and composing. Class 3 of Grade 6 (n=46) was made experiment class randomly,and Class 1 of Grade 6 (n=41) was comparison class. Children of both classes were measured by the Social Distance Scale for Children at the same time, which was described in 5 grades. All children were required to evaluate their classmates by the list. The following 5 grades respectively scored 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 point: making best friend with him or her willingly,hope to be with him or her in the same class but not the best friend, being with him or her willingly but not many times or too long, he or her may be in our class but have no intercourse, hope him or her not to be in our class. The evaluation result was statistically analyzed, and the higher the mean score of child had, the more popular he was. Five male children who was the farthest from their peers in the experiment class were taken as the experiment group according to the score of Social Distance Scale for Children, who were 12-13 years old with a mean age of 12.7 years. Another 5male children in the other class were selected as the control group by the same way, who were 12-13 years old with a mean age of 12.5 years.METHODS: The idea of systematic family therapy was introduced into the experiment group, including 10 times of group counseling, which were carried out by games, role-playing, group discussion, brain-storming etc.The "everyday work" was assigned to the class as the techniques of systematic family therapy required, especially for children in the experiment group such as "keep secret progress account", and teachers and classmates were required to watch and note their members' progress secretly.While children in the control group and corresponding class were given no intervention measure. Children of both classes were tested by the Social Distance Scale for Children to evaluate the changes in peer relationship during and after the experiment respectively. And children in the experiment group were required to fill in the Group Activity Viewpoint Questionnaire.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison in score of Social Distance Scale for Children before, during and after the intervention, and the investigation on viewpoint about group activity in the experiment group.RESULTS: A total of 10 children in both groups were involved in the analysis of results. There was no significant difference between children of the two groups in social distance before intervention and during it(t=0.232,1.089, P ＞ 0.05). It cotld be Iearnt from the experiment after test that the score in children of the experiment group was remarkably higher than that of the control group (t=3.169, P ＜ 0.05). The effect of group activity on children in the experiment group was remarkably clear and excellent.CONCLUSION: It is effect and feasible to introduce the idea and techniques of systematic family therapy into school situations, aiming at improving the peer relationship of children.

Humans ; Noise, Occupational ; Occupational Exposure

Objective To observe the effect of tumor necrosis factorαstimulated gene-6 ( TSG-6 ) on hypertrophic scarring by using a rabbit ear model. Methods TSG-6 and PBS were injected intradermally in the right and left ear wounds, respectively. Collagen I and III expression detected by immunohistochemistry and scar elevation index ( SEI) was used to evaluate the extent of scarring. The expression of inflammatory factors interleukin-1β( IL-1β) , interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) and tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) was detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse tran-scription polymerase chain reaction. Transmission electron microscope ( TEM) and TUNEL analyses were used to detect fibroblast apoptosis. Results Compared with control scars, TSG-6-treated wounds exhibited decreased in-flammation significantly as evidenced by the lower levels of IL-1β, IL-6 , TNF-α. The apoptosis rate was higher and the SEI and the synthesis of collagens I and III were significantly decreased in the TSG-6-treated scars ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusion Immediate topical injection of TSG-6 during the wound healing process can reduce the severity of hy-pertrophic scarring in a rabbit model. The anti-cicatrix effect of TSG-6 may result from controlling inflammation, in-ducing fibroblast apoptosis and promoting collagen degradation.

Recently, it is reported that regulatory T cells (Tregs) can be reprogrammed into a novel population [interleu?kin (IL)-17+Foxp3+T cells] phenotypically and functionally resembling Th17 cells under complicated cytokine circumstanc?es. IL-17+Foxp3+T cells are characterized by production of IL-17 and expression of retinoic acid receptor related orphan re?ceptor (ROR)γt, demonstrating dual functions in immune response and providing novel insight into the interconnection be?tween Tregs and Th17 cells. In this review, we lay emphasis on the phenotype features, origination, differentiation and the pleiotropic functions of IL-17+Foxp3+T cells. Furthermore, we summarized the functions of IL-17+Foxp3+T cells in inflam?matory disease and tumor microenvironment.

The subject nature of nursing science was defined as that of humanity and social science.Qualitative and quantitative methods should be combined in studies of nursing science .Only the research methods of nursing science are used , can the nursing science turn out an independent subject .

Objective To study the effect of total rhizoma panacis japonica saponins (tRPJS) on hemorheology in rats with occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Methods Ischemia rat models were made by using the method of thread inserting right middle cerebral artery occlusion. The effects of tRPJS on whole blood viscidity, erythrocyte deformability and erythrocyte congregate in model rats were observed. Results tRPJS 200, 100, 50 mg/kg could significantly improve the erythrocyte deformability, reduce whole blood viscidity and erythrocyte congregate. Conclusion tRPJS can improve the hemorheology after cerebral ischemia. It may be one of the mechanisms for tRPJS in treating ischemic stroke.

The needle-recording electrodes deviced by the author and the improved recording method were applied in this article. Firstly, the lumbar spinal evoked potentials (LPs) and cortial somatosensory evoked potentials (CPs)to the stimulation of tiable nerves and segmental (radcular) cutaneous nerves (superficial peroneal and sural nerves )were recorded in 50 normal volunteers. Then similiar thacings were recorded and observed in 48 patients with unilateral L_5 or S_1 root compression. We found that the LP to the segmental cutaneous nerve stimulation was abnormal in 85%, and its CP in 48%. The LP to the tiable nerve stimulation was abnormal in 33%,and its CP only in 8%.

OBJECTIVE:To study the supercritical CO2 fluid extraction(SFE-CO2)technology of Olibanum.METHODS:The optimum extraction technology was obtained through orthogonal test with the content of acetic octylester determined by GC and taken as index for the evaluation of the technology.RESULTS:The optimal conditions were as follows:pressure 25 MPa,temperature 60℃ and extraction time 3h.CONCLUSION:The process of SFE-CO2 is suitable for Olibanum extraction.