Objective To evaluate the efficacy of the parathyroidectomy (PTX) in the treatment of severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) with Sagliker syndrome (SS). Methods A retrospective review was undertaken among 212 SS patients underwent PTX in our hospital and with more than 3 years' follow up. The definitions of the efficacy were based on the postoperative intact parathyroid hormone level (iPTH). Cure showed that the iPTH was ＜ 150 ng/L; marked effectiveness was 150-300 ng/L; effectiveness was 301-500 ng/L;ineffectiveness was ＞500 ng/L. The status was defined as persistent SHPT if iPTH was ＞ 150 ng/L after surgery. The status was considered as SHPT recurrence if iPTH was ＜ 100 ng/L in the first week after surgery, and gradually increased and ＞ 150 ng/L with the follow-up. Results ( 1) Ten patients were involved and the average dialysis time was 142 months [male/female: 4/6; age 30-54 (39. 3 ± 10. 4) years]. All patients had severe bone and joint pain, accompanied with progressive facial increases, chicken breast, kyphosis, hip bone deformities, and body height shortening. (2) Preoperative tests: the median of iPTH 2000(1800-2863) ng/L; serum calcium (2. 45 ±0. 21) mmol/L, phosphorus (2. 19 ±0. 51) mmol/L, alkaline phosphatase ( ALP) (1189. 8 ± 780. 0) IU/L. Two to four enlarged parathyroid glands were confirmed by ultrasound and 99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid scintigraphy. ( 3 ) Surgical procedures: local or general anesthesia for PTX. Supplement with calcium and calcitriol implemented low serum calcium after PTX. (4) Follow-up: symptoms, including bone pain, muscle weakness, skin itching, and insomnia, were significantly improved after surgery. Transient hoarseness occurred in 2 cases. The iPTHs of all patients were decreased significantly after surgery. The median of iPTH was 55.5 ( 10-967) ng/L at 1 month post PTX, and was significantly less than prior to PTX (P＜0. 001). Eight patients were cure , 1 marked effectiveness ,and 1 ineffectiveness. Two patients were persistent SHPT, and 1 died of heart failure in the 4th year after PTX. The development of bone deformities was stopped and malnutrition was improved in long-time follow up. The level of iPTH 135(28-390)ng/L(P＜0. 001 ) , serum calcium, phosphorus, and ALP showed normal in the third year. The SHPT recurrence was appeared in the 2nd and 3rd year in 2 out of 8 patients, respectively. Conclusions Total PTX can effectively treat SS by SHPT. It can improve prognosis for patients, such as bone pain disappearing, bone deformities stopping and malnutrition improving, etc. The level of iPTH may rise again in some patients in the future. Therefore, more attentions should be paid to monitoring.

Objective To explore the bioactivity and stability of the antifungal substance produced by Streptomyces NG-715 as well as to establish the assay for biological activity detection. Method Take the antifungal substance as experimental materials, and test its minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration on four fungi strains including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus sp. Aspergillus niger was used as indicator strain to measure the biological activity and stability of the antifungal substance. Results The results showed that the MIC of the antifungal substance on four fungi strains including Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Penicillium citrinum,Aspergillus niger,Rhizopus sp were 1.25, 2.5, 3.75 and 3.75μg/mL, respectively. The MBC of the antifungal substance on four fungi strains were 2.5, 10, 17.5 and 17.5μg/mL, respectively. Linearity regress equation of the antifungal substance in Aspergillus niger was y=26.963 x-27.6,R 2=0.9991. The antifungal substance was pH-stable, heat-stable but ultravio1 et-sensible. Conclusion The results from this study will porvide useful information for the further extraction and analysis on the bioactive compound.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Xianxiong decoction on the mice with acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide.

METHODEighty female ICR mice were randomly divided into 8 groups: model group, Xianxiong decoction group, Daxianxiong decoction group, Xianxiong decoction group without Kansui Radix group, Xianxiong decoction group without Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Kansui Radix group, normal group and control group. Animals of each group, except normal group, were undertaken intraperitoneal injection and intranasal inhalation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on day 1, 2, 3 to establish acute lung injury (ALI) model. 30 min after modeling, 0.2 mL corresponding drugs were administrated to each mice, dexam ethasone and normal saline were given to the mice of control group and normal group respectively. White blood cell in blood, neutrophil percentage of blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) supernatant, the ratio of wet and dry lung tissue ( W/D), histopathological changes of lung tissue were estimated. Sixty ICR mice were randomly divided into normal, model, control, high, middle and low dose Xianxiong decoction groups and were modeled in the same way. ELISA was applied to detect the level of NF-kappaB, TNF-alpha and IL-6 in BALF, PCR for NF-kappaB and TNF-alpha mRNA in lung tissue, and Western blot for NF-kappaB and TNF-alpha. Half of 20 ICR mice were administrated with Xianxiong decoction of its maximum tolerant normal saline.

RESULTCompared with model group, the number of WBC in blood of Xianxiong decoction group mice decreased (P < 0.01), percentage of neutrophils in both blood and BALF decreased as well (P < 0.01, P < 0.05); it also significantly reduced the ratio of W/D (P < 0.01); and found the alveolar wall, the number of inflammatory cells infiltrating improved, compared with model group. Xianxiong decoction reduced the level of NF-kappaB, TNF-alpha and IL-6 in BALF (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.05); its high and low dose groups only found TNF-alpha level declined. Five mice died 24 h after administration of Xianxiong decoction which indicated its toxicity when other influential factors were considered.

CONCLUSIONXianxiong decoction is effective on the ALI mice induced by LPS, but it is of toxicity at 3 g x mL(-1).

Acute Lung Injury ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; adverse effects ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism

BackgroundDry eye is a multi-factorial-induced tear film and ocular surface disorder.Immunoinflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of dry eye.As inhibitor of the cyclo-oxygenase pathway,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs play an anti-inflammatory and anti-hypersensitivity role,and it can be a potential treatment for dry eyes.ObjectiveThis study was to investigate the effectiveness of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (0.1％topical pranoprofen) on moderate to severe dry eyes and its mechanism.MethodsThis was a small sample of randomized controlled clinical trial.Thirty right eyes of 30 patients with moderate to severe dry eyes were included in the study according to the diagnosis criteria and randomized into two groups.The patients of the trial group received topical administration of 0.1％ pranoprofen plus 0.1％ sodium hyaluronate,and those of the control group received the topical 0.1％ sodium hyaluronate only.Ocular surface inflammation index scores (OSDI) and ocular surface fluorescine staining (OSS) scores were measured under the slit lamp,and tear film break-up time (BUT),Schirmer Ⅰ test values were evaluated.The expression of human leucocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) and CD11b in conjunctiva epithelial cells were detected by impression cytology and flow cytometry (FCM).All the indexes were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Informed consent was obtained from all patients.ResultsThere were no significant differences in terms of age and gender and their baseline values between the trial group and control group (t=0.412,P=0.684;x2=0.240,P=0.624),and so were all the indexes (P＞0.05).Compared with the control group,the OSDI,OSS scores and cells positive for HLA-DR were lowered but the BUT was delayed in the trial group on day 15 ( t=2.43,P=0.03;t=2.83,P=0.01;t=3.29,P=0.00;t=3.23,P=0.00 ).No significant differences were found in the Schirmer Ⅰ test value and CD11b expression between these two groups (t=0.17,P=0.87;t=0.28,P=0.79).The OSDI,OSS scores and BUT were significantly improved,and the number of cells positive for HLA-DR were reduced 15 days after administration of drugs in comparison with before treatment in the trial group ( t =12.30,10.70,6.10,7.92,P =0.00 ).However,there were no comparable alteration seen in these indexes before and after the usage of drugs in the control group ( P＞0.05).Positive correlations were found in HLADR expression with OSDI and OSS ( r =0.601,P =0.018 ; r =0.586,P =0.022 ) and a negative correlation in HLADR expression with BUT (r=-0.697,P=0.004) on day 15 in the trial group.ConclusionsTopical usage of 0.1％ pranoprofen is beneficial for remitting the ocular signs and symptoms in moderate to severe dry eyes.This study illustrates that topical usage of 0.1％ pranoprofen can down-regulate the expression of inflammatory markers in conjunctival epithelial cells.

Objective To compare the prescrotal orchiopexy and traditional inguinal orchiopexy in the clinical treatment of children with low cryptorchidism.Methods Seventy-two patients(78 testes)who underwent orchiopexy in our hospital during March 2006 to May 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.And the undescended testis could be manipulated beyond the external inguinal ring under anaesthesia.Matching conditions were age differences among 3 months,same preoperative testicular positioning,same surgeon and same side.Using the paired study of 1 to 1,all the patients were divided into 2 groups: prescrotal orchiopexy(group A)and the traditional inguinal orchiopexy(group B),each group included 36 patients(39testes).Mean age was 5.4 years(group A)and 5.5 years(group B).The time of operation and restore standing,success rate and complications,including hernia,hydrocele,testicular atrophy and ascent were compared between the 2 groups.Results All the patients were successfully operated.The average surgical time for the prescrotal and inguinal groups were 33 and 41 min(P =0.0022),and average time of standing was 1.2 and 5.4 d(P =0.0003).All the patients had no wound infection.Followup ranged from 3 to 65 months.No hernia,hydrocele,testicular atrophy and ascent were identified in either group.The ratios of successful surgery were 100％ in the two groups.Conclusions The prescrotal orchiopexy is simple,safe,and effective in the cases that testis could be pushed down through the external inguinal ring.Compared with traditional inguinal approach,the advantages of prescrotal approach are shorter operative time,fewer traumas,less pain,faster recovery and cosmetic results.

Background It has been clarified that topical administration of cholinomimetic drug or prostaglandin analogus can effectively low intraoeular pressure (IOP) in primary angle-closure glaueoma and angleopen glaucoma,respectively.The two eyedrops are often combined clinically to treat glaueomatous eye.But their effect mechanism on ciliary muscle is different.It is neeessarv to prove the clinical efficacy of combination of these two drugs.Objective This study attempted to compare hypotensive effect of individual and combinative use of 2％piloearpine and 0.004％ travoprost in normal rabbit eyes.Methods Thirty normal albino rabbits were randomly divided into three parallel groups.Lateral eye of each rabbit was appointed as the experimental eye and the fellow eye was used as control eye.2％ Pilocarpine eyedrop was instilled three times daily and 0.004％ travoprost eyedrops was used once per night in the pilocarpine and travoprost group.These two drugs were combined in the combination group.The normal saline solution was used in the control eyes IOP was measured bilaterally with Perkins application tonometer at 8:00 am on the day before and 1,2,4,8,14,24 days after the administration of eyedrops.The use of the animals complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results The IOP was significantly lower on 1 day after use of eyedrops than baseline IOP in the experimental eyes in the pilocarpine group,travoprost group and combination group,but no obvious change in IOP before and after use of eyedrops in the control eyes.There was no significant difference in the baseline IOP in both experimental eyes and control eyes,however,signifieant differences were seen in various time points after administration of eyedrops between experimental eyes and control eyes(P＜0.05).Compared with baseline IOP,IOP declined by 17.5％-22.0％ in pilocarpine group,23.8％-26.4％ travoprost group,27.6％-32.0％ in the combination group.For normal eye,piloearpine+travoprost showed a more power lowing IOP effect.Conclusions Hypotensive effect of combinative use of 2％ pilcoarpine and 0.004％ travoprost is strongest in comparison with individual use of pilocarpine or travoprost,but less than the statistical sum of individual use of these two drugs in a 24-day duration in normal eye of albino rabbit.

The degQ gene, amplified from Bacillus subtilis by PCR, was cloned to pUBS (sucrose induced secretion vector). After transformed into DB403, recombination named DB403(pUBSD) was formed. The results of the fermentation showed that degQ gene enhanced the expression of B. subtilis fibrin enzyme. The activity of the enzyme was increased to 2.2 times as the original one. In this article, the effects of different conditions, such as different kinds of sugar, different concentration of sucrose and different induced time were also be investigated and compared.

Background Hypertension is a multigenetic inheritable disease.Gene therapy with long-term effects and less side effects by regulating gene expression has been shown to be a potential and exciting prospect. Objective To investigate the effects of RNA interference(RNAi)targeting angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)on the blood pressure and ACE expression in kidney of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR).Methods SHR were randomly to receive placebo(n=12)or control adenovirus Ad5-EGFP)or a single injection of recombinant adenovi- ral vectors,Ad5-EGFP-ACE-shRNA(n=12,iv).Normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats(WKY)were served as normal control group.SBP was measured before and after the intervention.Aorta,lung,myocardium and kidney were studied using fluorescence microscope to identify the sites of Ad5-EGFP-ACE-shRNA.Expressions of ACE mRNA and protein in kidney were evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results SBP of the treat group was effectively reduced by 19.0?3.2 mmHg at the 3rd day,and 22.1?3.3 mmHg at the 13th day of the experiment.The anti- hypertensive effect significant remained at least for 14 days.On the contrary,increase in BP was shown in placebo and the adenovirus control group.Compared with placebo or adenovirus control rats,ACE mRNA expression level in kidney of the treated rats was lower by 61.1% and 62.3% respectively,with ACE protein expression level lower- ing by 56.2% and 53.30% as well(ail P0.05). Conclusion RNA interference targeting ACE gene inhibits the expressions of ACE mRNA and protein.A single dose injection resulted in a prolonged decrease in BP.The evidence of strong antihypertensive effect by genetic therapy justifies efforts for further investigation.

Objective To study the in vitro effects of different doses and different kinds of LMWH on CR, and to determine whether the CR test could be used to monitor LMWH. Methods The CR value was measured with different reagents ( glass beads, celite and kaolin ) in blood samples from twenty volunteer donors, which were spiked with increasing concentration of LMWH ( dalteparin, 0-1.8 IU/ml ). Then the CR test was performed again on the same blood samples spiked with the same concentration ( 0. 8 IU/ml ) but different LMWH ( dalteparin, enoxaparin and nadroparin ). Regression analysis was performed to establish a regression equation from corresponding LMWH levels. Results With the increasing of dalteparin dose, CR values were reduced gradually for all three reagents. When the concentration of dalteparin was 0-1.8 IU/ml,the value of CR was 20. 0-4. 5 IU/min for glass beads, 26. 1-6.6 IU/min for celite and 27. 2-7. 5 IU/min for kaolin. An exponential relationship was observed between the CR value and dalteparin concentration for three reagents( R2 = -0.796, -0.884, -0.921 ,P ＜0.01 ). All three kinds of LMWH with the same concentration (0.8 IU/ml ) induced a different change in CR. The value of CR was 7.4 IU/min with dalteparin,8. 5 IU/min with enoxaparin and 8.5 IU/min with nadroparin. Compared with the control group ( CR was 17.6 IU/min ), three kinds of LMWH had statistical significance ( t = 18.45, 12. 33, 14. 93, P ＜ 0.01 ).Compared with the enoxaparin and nadroparin, dalteparin induced a higher CR value ( t = 2. 552,2. 924,P＜0. 05 ). Conclusions There is an exponential relationship between CR value and dalteparin concentration for three reagents. Three kinds of LMWH can significantly reduce the value of CR. CR test can be used to monitor the anticoagulant effect of LMWH.

Smoke water and distillation liquid were used to treat the seeds of Trichosathes kirilowii and to study the effects of smoke water and distillation liquid on the seed germination and seedling growth of T. kirilowii. The results showed that germination rate, germination index and germination vigor of T. kirilowii all were significantly improved with the treatment of SW and DL treatment. The activity of α-amylase were significantly increased with the treatment of SW and DL at 1:2,000. SW and DL treatment showed no significant effects on the activity of SOD. The activity of POD were markedly enhanced under the treatment of SW (1:000) and DL (1:2,000). CAT activity were increased with the treatment of SW and DL at 1:2,000 while were inhibited by SW and DL at 1:500. Seedling height and root length were increased with the treatment of SW and DL (1:1,000, 1:2,000). SW and DL treaments improved the content of chlorophyll, and moreover with the concentration of SW and DL, the stimulatory were also increased. This work demonstrated that smoke water and diatillation liquid at 1:2,000 could stimulate the seed germination and seedling growth of T. kirilowii, and it provided the references for the study of seed germination technology.
Agriculture ; instrumentation ; methods ; Distillation ; Germination ; Seedlings ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Seeds ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Smoke ; analysis ; Trichosanthes ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Water ; chemistry ; metabolism