Activated oxygen has been proposed to play a role in postischemic cardiac damage. This is supported further by the ability of activated oxygen scavengers to limit myocardial reperfusion injury. This experiment was performed to determine if superoxide dismutase (SOD) infused starting with reperfusion has a beneficial effect on reperfused myocardiun?The isolated perfused rat hearts were subjected to ischemia followed by reperfusion for 45 min. Reperfusion damage was detected by occurrence of ventricular fibrillation, increase production of malondialdehyde, the release of lactate dehydrogenase and the reduction of sarcolemmal ATPase. The extent of reperfusion myocardial injury was significantly less in SOD treated group indicated by the indics mentioned above. The results of this study are in accord with previous concepts that activated oxygen plays a fundamental role in cellular damage resulted from reperfusion. In addition, we demonstrate that the administration of SOD begining at the onset of reperfusion can still be effective, it might be applicable to clinical case.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the concentration of borneol in blood after keeping Suxiao Jiuxin pills in healthy men's mouth by GC METHODS:HP-5 quartz elasticity capillary column(15m?0 53mmID) was used with nitrogen as the carrier gas,temperature of column was 85℃ The injector temperature and detector temperature were 180℃,200℃ respectively Naphthalene was used as internal standard RESULTS:The standard curve was linear within the concentration range of 50～1 000ng/ml of borneol,the calibrating equation was Y=-0 1 273+0 0 015X The recovery was (98 7?2 31)%,(RSD=2 76%,n=6) The peak of blood drug concentration was obtained in 15 min or so CONCLUSION:The method was simple,rapid,accurate and suitable for pharmacokinetic study of preparation containing borneol

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Bushen Huatan Recipe (BHR) on the Akt signal pathway in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) model rats with insulin resistance (IR).

METHODSFifty Wistar female PCOS rats were randomly and equally divided into 5 groups, i.e., the control group, the model group, the low dose BHR group (5.406 g/kg), the medium dose BHR group (10.812 g/kg), and the high dose BHR group (21.624 g/kg), 10 in each group. Levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin were detected to calculate homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The expression of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), glycogen synthetase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta), glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR-gamma) mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. The expression of insulin signal transduction molecular kinase B (Akt) was detected by Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, HOMA-IR and the mRNA expression of PPAR-gamma mRNA significantly increased, the mRNA expression of GSK-3beta, GLUT-4, and IRS-1, protein expression of Akt and p-Akt significantly decreased in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, HOMA-IR significantly decreased, the mRNA expression of GSK-3beta, GLUT-4, IRS-1, and Akt protein significantly increased in the high dose BHR group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The mRNA expression of p-Akt protein increased more obviously (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). mRNA expression of GSK- 3beta and GLUT-4 significantly increased (P < 0.05), while the mRNA expression of PPAR-gamma significantly decreased in the low and middle BHR groups (P < 0.05). The expression of p-Akt significantly increased in the low dose BHR group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIR and abnormal insulin signal pathway existed in PCOS model rats. BHR could improve IR of PCOS rats, which was correlated with regulating protein expression of insulin signal transduction molecules.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Insulin Resistance ; Phytotherapy ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Signal Transduction

Objective To explore the clinical significance of carrying out fast blood B-type natriuretic peptide ( BNP) detection together with noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring for pathogenic diagnosis in patients with dyspnea and to assess further the application value of noninvasive cardiac output monitoring in emergency room.Methods 354 patients were diagnosed as dyspnea in the Emergency Department of Chaoyang Hospital, being Affiliated to Capital Medical University during a period from May 2007 to January 2008 by using USCOM noninvasive ultrasonic cardiac output monitor to measure cardiac output ( CO).If CO was less than 4 L/min, cardiac dyspnea will be diagnosed.Meanwhile, certain amount of venous blood was kept for rapid measuring of BNP concentration.If BNP concentration was higher than 100 pg/ml, cardiac dyspnea would be diagnosed.After diagnosis was made clearly, all the 354 patients were divided in two groups according to Framingham standards whether they had cardiac dyspnea or not and then comparison was carried out between the patients with the diagnosis of cardiac dyspnea with CO and BNP.The relationship between CO and BNP was studied as well.Results In a group of 127 patients with cardiac dyspnea, there was no difference in terms of the number of patients showing positive results with CO or BNP as judging criteria (122 vs 119, P =0.393) and CO and BNP had negative correlation; while the results were opposite in a group of 227 patients with non-cardiac dyspnea (102 vs 11, showing negative CO or BNP P = 0.000) and there was no correlation between BNP and CO.Conclusions For patients with dyspnea in the emergency room, the value of BNP concentration of blood plasma to determine cardiac dyspnea is somewhat limited.Appling non-invasive ultrasonic cardiac output monitor in the emergency room to detect CO for identifying the cause of dyspnea is clinically valuable.

Objective To investigate expression of recombinant adenovirus(rAV) vector-mediated report gene in kidney, and to seek for the best passway of rAV vector-mediated gene transfer in vivo.Methods Thirty Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were divided into 5 groups randomly. rAV-GFP(1013viral particales?L-1) was injected through different ways. 2, 7 and 14 d after injection, GFP expression in left kidney, right kidney, liver and lung was evaluated by fluorescence microscope and computer software. Results GFP gene expressed in kidey and reached peak 7 d after injection expression. Conclusion rAV vector-mediated report gene can be transducted in kidney. The rAV-mediated transgene expression in kidney is a potential strategy in the treatment of renal diseases.

Objective To observe the effect of laser irradiation on the level of histamine (Hm) , 5- hydroxytryptamine(5-HT), interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in serum and β- endorphin (β- EP) in brain tissue in rat model of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods A total of 60 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:a normal group, a model group (RA without treatment), a laser + drug treatment group (RA treated by laser and drug) and a drug treatment group (RA treated by drug alone). All the groups, except the normal one, were injected with complete Freund's adjuvant to make animal model of adjuvant arthritis. All the animals were then treated accordingly. The level of Hm, 5-HT, IL-1 and TNFα in serum and β-EP in brain tissue were measured. Results Laser downregulated the content of Hm, 5-HT, IL-1 and TNFα in serum and increased the content of β-EP in brain tissue. Conclusion Laser irradiation is an effective modality for treating the animal model of rheumatoid arthritis.

Aim To investigate the molecular mechanism of anti-proliferation effect of Ginsenoside Rh2(G-Rh2)on mouse MFC gastric cells.Methods The cell viability was determined by MTT method and the state of cell proliferation was analyzed.The morphologic changes were observed by invert microscope and fluorescence microscope(Hoechst 33258).Early apoptotic rate was detected by Annexin Ⅴ-FITC through flow cytometry.Western blot was used to detect the p-JNK and p-c-jun activity in MFC cells.Immunocytochemistry staining was used to detect caspase-3 positive cells.Results G-Rh2 could inhibit proliferation of MFC cells in a dose-and-time-dependent manner.The morphological changes of apoptosis were observed in MFC cells after G-Rh2 treatment.The apoptotic ratio was increased.The phosphorylation of c-Jun and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase(JNK)activity increased with time within 4 h compared with that of control.The expression of caspase-3 positive cells was increased.But all the above could be partly inhibited by pre-treatment with SP600125(5 ?mol?L-1)for 2 h.Conclusion G-Rh2 can decrease cell viability by inducing apoptosis and the process may be associated with the activation of JNK transduction pathway and expression of caspase-3.

Objective To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of group A/C meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine.Methods The double-blind,randomized,parellel controlled,single central clinical trial was carried out to evaluat safety and immunogenicity of MCV-A/C.Results 4-fold rise rate of antibody to group A,C and A/C were more than 90 percent after MCV.The GMTs of antibody serogroup A and C were more than 1:150 in four trial groups aged 3-5 months,6-23 months,2-15 years and 16-30 years,for which the susceptive subjects seroprotected.There were no significant differences between MCV and the control group in the systemic and local reactions rates.The systemic and local reactions rates after the first,second and third dose of MCV were low.And no severe systemic and local reactions.Conclusion Group A/C MCV was safe and immunogenic for the population≥ 3 months old.Registration National Food drugs Surveillance administrative bureau,Medicine Clinical Experiment Written Directive from a superior" number:2006L04776.

Objective To explore the effect of ghrelin on insulin release of mouse pancreatic islet ?-cell line(NIT-1 cells) and its probable mechanism.Methods NIT-1 cells were incubated in high-glucose DMEM with ghrelin.Then,the media was sampled for the assay of insulin by RIA.The(mRNA) expressions of glucose transporter 2(GluT2),pancreatic-duodenal homeobox-1(PDX-1),inwardly rectifying potassium channel with two transmembrane regions(Kir6.2) and sulphonylurea receptor 1(SUR-1) in the cells were detected by using RT-PCR.The cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay.Results(1) 10~(-9)mol/L to 10~(-7)mol/L of ghrelin inhibited dose-dependently the high-glucose challenged insulin release of the NIT-1 cells.(2) The mRNA expression of Kir6.2,but not GluT2,PDX-1and SUR-1,was down-regulated by 10~(-7)mol/L of ghrelin.(3) Ghrelin had no effect on proliferation of the cells.Conclusions Ghrelin inhibits high-glucose induced insulin secretion of the islet ?-cells.This effect may be secondary to the down-regulation for the expression of Kir6.2,(a component) of ATP-sensitive potassium channel.