Objective To evaluate the effect of wild feces detection in Oncomelania hupensis environments on the surveil?lance of infection source of schistosomiasis,and find the weakness in schistosomiasis control in Hubei Province,so as to put for?ward the targeted strategies and measures. Methods Four environments with O. hupensis snails in endemic areas of Hubei Provinces,where human and livestock often haunted,were selected according to the river systems,namely the Juzhanghe River beach in Jingzhou City,Changjiang River beach in Jiayu County,Hanbei River beach in Tianmen City,and Changshou River beach in Zhongxiang City,then the snail survey and wild feces detection were implemented in the selected environments. Re?sults There were O. hupensis snails,livestock,wild feces of cattle or sheep as well as positive cattle feces found in all the 4 environments,and the positive rate of schistosome miracidium incubation was 47.62%. Conclusion The schistosome miracidi?um positive rate of wild feces of cattle is high in the environments with snails in endemic areas of Hubei Province ,which has high risk for schistosomiasis transmission.

Background and purpose:It has been confirmed that homozygous deletion of p16/p15 gene and its co-deletion of p16/p15 genes were related to the occurrence, progress and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer. However, the mono-deletion and co-deletion of the genes has been detected with tissue but not in serum DNA of the epithelial ovarian cancer. In this article, we studied the relationship between homozygous deletion of p16/p15 gene and its co-deletion of p16/p15 genes in serum DNA of the epithelial ovarian cancer.Methods:Primers were used to amplify exon 2 of p16 and exon 2 of p15 gene by polymerase chain reaction. Homozygous deletions of the p16, p15 and co-deletion of p16/p15 genes were studied in either serum DNA of 165 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, their counterpart lymphocytes DNA, serum DNA of 25 benign ovarian cyst or of 15 health donors.Results:The homozygous deletion rates of either p15 or p16 gene were 27.9%(46/165)and 27.3%(45/165)serum DNA in the patients with epithelial ovarian cancer respectively, while the co-deletion rate of p16/p15 genes was 24.2% (40/165). However, the deletions of p15/p16 genes and its co-deletion were not found in serum DNA of the counterpart lymphocytes,25 benign ovarian cyst and 15 health donors (The P values were 0.000、0.000 and 0.000 respectively). The deletions of either p15 or p16 gene for the patients with stage Ⅰ~Ⅱ were 14.3%(5/35) and 11.4%(4/35), 33.3%(25/75) and 32.0%(24/75) for the patients with stage Ⅲ, 29.1%(16/55) and 30.9% (17/55) for stage Ⅳ, respectively. Although there was no significant differences among the groups, the deletion of p15 and p16 genes in the patients with advanced stage were higher than that with early stage. The deletion was not found to be associated with histopathology of epithelial ovarian cancer.Conclusions:Homozygous deletions of the p16, p15 genes and its co-deletion of p15/p16 genes were commonly found in the serum DNA of epithelial ovarian cancer and might be associated with clinical stage of the disease. It was suggested that detection with serum DNA may be used as a micro-invasive approach and the deletion of genes might served as biological markers for the development and prognosis of the patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Objective To evaluate and analyse the effectiveness of surgical treatment for fibrous dysplasia in proximal femur with severe varus deformity.Methods A retrospective study was performed in 21 patients (24 femora)of fibrous dysplasia who were treated in our hospital between August 2000 and May 2009.All patients had severe femoral varus deformity.The four-step procedures were performed orderlv as valgus osteotomy,lesion curettage,impacting of massive bone allograft,and fixation by femoral intramedullary nail.There were 6 patients with monostotic disease,15 with polyostotic diseases,including 12 males and 9 females with a mean age of 22.7 years(range,14-39 years).The average neck-shaft angle and femoral varus angle was 75°(range 55°-105°)and 30°(range,18°-45°),respectively.The average length of thigh shortened 3.4 cm(range,2.0-4.5 cm)compared with the contralateral thigh.Results All of the 21 patients were followed up from 21 months to 7 years with an average period of 3 years and 4 months.There were 30 osteotomy sites in 24 femurs,28 osteotomy sites showed bone union after 3-6 months from surgery.Two distal location of the double-level osteotomy showed nonunion,which received bone grafting again and got bone union after 3 months finally.The femoral mechanical alignments of the 21 patients had been recriticd.The average neck-shaft angle was 118°(range,95°-135°)postoperatively,the femoral varus angle disappeared.The average extremity lengthening was 2.8 cm(range,1.8-3.6 cm)postoperatively.There were no infection,recurrent fracture and progression of deformity.The visual analogue scales(VAS)score of 17 patients decreased to zero postoperatively from 7-10 preoperatively,and that of the other 4 patients decreased to 3-4 postoperatively from 8-10 preoperatively.The result of Harris hip functional score was excellent in 12 cases,good in 6,and fair in 3.Conclusion The valgus osteotomy can rectify varus deformity effectively.The reconstract nail of the fumer can support the stability of femur.Impacting of massive bone allograft can improve the capacity of the femur.

Objective To investigate and discuss the limb salvage strategies of malignant bone tumors in region S2 of shoulder girdle.Methods The data of 17 patients(13 males and 4 females)were retrospectivelv analyzed.All of them had malignant scapular tumor at least in region S2,and underwent limb salvage between January 2005 and January 2009.They aged from 14 to 55 years old(mean,32.6 years).The histologic types of them were chondrosarcoma in 6 patients,osteosarcoma in 4,fibrosareoma in 1,myeloma in 1,Ewing's sarcoma in 1,rhabdomyosarcoma in 1,non-Hodgkin lymphoma in 1,malignant giant cell tumor of bone in 1 and recurrent chondrosarcoma in 1.The tumors were staged according to Enneking surgical staging system:IB in 4 and IIB in 13.According to the MSTS classification system,the region S2 and lateral 1/3 of region S1 were effected in 11 cases,the region S2 and large part of region S1 were effected in 6 cases.The rotator cuff was involved to some extent in all patients,and the articular capsule were involved in 8 cases.Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy was given to 14 patients.The surgical strategies were depended on the range of tumor and preservation of articular capsule.The scapular prosthetic replacement was done in 8 cases with a relatively large range of tumor or resection of articular capsule,otherwise the scapular allograft replacement was done.Among the 11 cases with region S2 and lateral 1/3 of region S1 effected,the scapular allograft replacement was done in 9 cases with articular capsule preserved and the prosthetic replacement was done in 2 cases with articular capsule resected.And the prosthetic replacement was done in the other 6 cases.The articular capsule and partial rotator cuff were preserved and reconstructed preferentially.Results All patients were followed up 16-62 months (mean,35.1 months).Postoperative complications were noted in 9 patients, including mild allograft rejection and mild allograft resorption in 1 patient,allograft rejection in 1,prosthetic acromion exposure in 3,allograft resorption in 4.Local recurrence were noted in 1 patients.Three patients were dead because of extensive metastasis.The average function scores were 74.1%(range,53.3%-93.3%).Conclusion During the limb salvage surgery.it's very important to guarantee the en bloc resection of the tumor.In the meanwhile,the en bloc resection and functional reconstruction should be well balanced.

BACKGROUND: Body mass index(BMI)is a commonly used phenotype for obesity,which is determined by multiple genetic factors.OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether osteocalcin(also known as bone Gla protein,BGP)Hind Ⅲ genetic polymorphism is associated with BMI variation.METHODS: A total of 390 premenopausal women from a local population of Nanchang City were selected.Body weight and height were measured.All participants were genotyped at the BGP Hind Ⅲ locus using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The BGP genotype frequencies of HH,Hh and hh were 0.077,0.408 and 0.515,respectively.The distribution of BGP Hind Ⅲ genotypes was consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P > 0.05).The BGP Hind Ⅲ were significantly associated with BMI(P=0.002),which could explain about 5.47% of BMI variation.On average,BMI of individuals with HH genotype was the highest[(22.81±0.73)kg/m2],individuals with Hh genotype was intermediate[(21.50±0.53)kg/m2],while individuals with hh genotype was the lowest[(20.23±0.63)kg/m2].Therefore,carriers of HH and Hh genotypes had,respectively,approximately 12.75% and 6.28% higher BMI than carriers of the hh genotype.To our best knowledge,this is the first study reporting the association of BGP Hind Ⅲ genetic polymorphism and BMI in healthy premenopausal women.

Female ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; physiology ; Humans ; Papillomavirus Infections ; complications ; Risk Factors ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; pathology ; virology ; Virus Integration ; genetics ; physiology

Objective To explore the effects of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs (TCMHs) on the expression of tyrosinase gene, melanogenesis and proliferation of melanocytes and elucidate the mechanism of TCMHs in promoting melanogenesis. Methods Seven TCMHs including Herba Ecliptae, Spica Prunellae, Caulis Spatholob, etc, which were known to be effective in activating tyrosinase in vivo, were selected. Brownish guinea pigs were selected as the experimental model. The mRNA in situ hybridization (ISH), Schmorl-staining and dopa-oxygenase staining were performed to observe the effects of TCMHs on gene expression of tyrosinase, melanogenesis and melanocyte proliferation. Results The mRNA ISH showed that these seven drugs, especially Herba Ecliptae,Spica Prunellae and Tribulus terrestris could significantly increase the number of positive cells and the intensity of hybridization signal in the treated group as compared with that in the control group (P 0.1). Conclusions These results suggested that these 7 TCMHs including Herba Ecliptae can upregulate the gene expression of tyrosinase, enhance the melanogenesis and promote the proliferation of melanocytes.

According to the differentiation of symptamcomplex theory of Spleen Deficiency on myasthenia grvis, with our clinical experience of treatment for some years. Astragalus Saponins and Buzhong Yiqi compound were selected to make phannaceutic experiment for peripheral blood mononuclear cells culture of 14 samples of 10 myasthenia gravis patients. Two controlled groups were given with the treatment of dexamethasone and 60Co respectively. The results showed that liters of nAchR-Ab in cells culture superatants were significantly decreased by watersoluble Astragalus saponias (418.8-2328 fmol/rnl- 0 fmol/ml in 6 cases; 1143 -1235 fmol/ml - 43-157 fmol/ml in 2 cases). Buzhong Yiqi compund could enhance the immunoregulatory action.

Objective: To unveil the efficacy of Shaolin internal qigong exercise in treating capsulitis of the shoulder (CS) and explore objective outcome measures by observing the changes in the surface electromyography (sEMG) signals of shoulder muscle groups after regular practice of Shaolin internal qigong exercise in CS patients. Methods: Sixty CS patients were randomized into two groups by the random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. Patients in the qigong group practiced Shaolin internal qigong exercise on a regular basis, while patients in the electroacupuncture (EA) group received EA treatment. Before and after treatment, the sEMG signals of six muscles, i.e. biceps brachii, triceps brachii, deltoid, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi and trapezius muscles, of the affected side were recorded at 45° abduction of the shoulder, 60° forward flexion and 90° internal rotation with the elbow flexed during maximal isometric contraction, and the integrated electromyography (iEMG) of each muscle was calculated. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3％ in the qigong group, higher than 83.3％ in the EA group (P<0.05). Intra-group comparison showed that the iEMG of biceps brachii, triceps brachii, pectoralis major and deltoid muscles in the qigong group increased significantly after intervention at 45° abduction of the shoulder, 60° forward flexion and 90° internal rotation with the elbow flexed (all P<0.05), and the iEMG of trapezius and latissimus dorsi muscles decreased (both P<0.05); in the EA group, the iEMG of biceps brachii, pectoralis major and deltoid muscles increased significantly during contraction (all P<0.05), while the iEMG of triceps brachii, trapezius and latissimus dorsi muscles had no significant changes (all P>0.05). After intervention, there were significant differences in the iEMG of most of muscles between the two groups (all P<0.05), except for the iEMG of deltoid muscle at 45° of abduction of the shoulder joint during isometric contraction (P>0.05). Conclusion: Shaolin internal qigong exercise can effectively increase the motion intensity of the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, pectoralis major and deltoid muscles and reduce the compensation of the latissimus dorsi and trapezius muscles in CS patients; compared with EA, it produces a better result in improving the coordination and stability in shoulder joint movements.

Objective To assess the value of ultrasound examination in transvaginal diagnosis of normal fetal heart with 11-14 weeks of gestation.Methods Totally 158 cases of normal fetal heart with high risk pregnancy and nuchal translucency thickness were examined by two ultrasoud approaches:transvaginal(TVS) and tranabdomina(TAS) in 11-14 weeks of gestation.Results The group of TVS was obviously clearer than TAS by displaying the normal fetal cardiac structural in 12 week of gestation and 13-14 weeks of gestation with significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05),respectively.No significant difference between the two groups in 11 week of gestation was observed.Conclusion The transvaginal echocardiogram is of clinical value in the high risk gravida during the late first and the early second trimester.