Further study of the effect of monosodium glutamate on body temperature using rabbits as experimental model by repeatedly intravenous injection of MSG. The experimental results showed that the body temperature of rabbits were decreased significantly at a time of each day consecutively for three days with medium dose MSG(0.5g/kg/day) However, this effect was disappeared following the fourth administration of MSG a week later, and so did the fifth administration of MSG two weeks later. Those results suggested that the disappearance of decreased body temperature by MSG may be due to tolerance development after MSG was administrated repeatedly. The authors proposed two hypotheses of mechanisms for the development of MSG"tolerance". which would be investigated further.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation of the autophagy-associated gene Atg5 with the pathogenesis of prostate cancer.

METHODSUsing real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry, we detected the expression of Atg5 in 50 cases of prostate intraepithelial neoplasm (PIN), 69 cases of prostate cancer (PCa), and 30 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

RESULTSThe expression level of Atg5 mRNA was significantly higher in PIN (5.270 ± 0.230) and PCa (5.131 ± 0.252) than in the BPH tissue (1.723 ± 0.017) (P <0.01), and so was the positive rate of the Atg5 expression in the patients of the PIN group (94%) and PCa group (88.4%) than in those of the BPH group (6.7%) (P<0.01), but with no statistically significant differences between the PIN and PCa groups (P >0.05). No significant correlation was observed between the expression of Atg5 and the Gleason score of PCa (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe upregulated expression of Atg5 might play a role in the tumorigenesis of prostate cancer.

Aged ; Autophagy ; Autophagy-Related Protein 5 ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; genetics ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Up-Regulation

Brain ; Choristoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infant ; Neurofilament Proteins ; metabolism ; Orbit ; pathology ; surgery ; Orbital Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)in the uvea of endotoxin in- duced uveitis.Design Experimental study.Participants 12 Wistar rats were divided into two groups at random,a group(n=6)of endo- toxin induced uveitis(EIU)and a control group(n=6).Methods Cholera vibrio was injected into hind footpad and abdominal cavity in the EIU group.In the control group,cholera vibrio was replaced by PBS.Anterior segment of the rats eyes were observed by slit lamp microscope at 4h,10h,16h,24h after injection.Immunohistochemical staining was performed using polyclonal antibodies to TLR4 on the frozen sections of the eyes and uveal wholemounts at 24 hours after LPS injection.Main Outcome Measures The inflammation of anterior segment and the number of TLR4 positive cells in uveal wholemounts.Results The inflammation began at 4h after LPS injec- tion.Cellulose exudates were observed at 16h after injection.The positive-stained protein located in cellular membrane or cytoplasm. The number of TLR4 positive cells in EIU group is evidently higher than that in the control group.TLR4 positive cells were hardly de- tected in the frozen sections of eyes.Conclusion TLR4 expression increases in the EIU,which suggests that TLR4 probably participates in the formation and development of acute anterior uveitis.(Ophthalmol CHN,2008,17:48-51)

Objective To observe the short -term effect and safety of entecavir in the treatment of 50 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis.Methods 92 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis met the inclusion criteria in our hospital were selected as study subjects.The patients were randomly divided into the observation group (46 cases)and the control group(46 cases).The control group received routine treatment,including the liver,liver, diuretic,jaundice,symptomatic and supportive treatment and prevention of complications.The observation group was given entecavir for 48 weeks on the basis of the control group,0.5 mg /times,qd.The clinical effects were assessed after treatment.Results The HBV -DNA,ALT,TBIL,Child -Pugh score of the observation group and the control group after treatment were (2.05 ±0.32)log10 IU /mL and (3.11 ±0.36)log10 IU /mL,(32.1 ±8.5)U /L and (90.3 ±12.6)U /L,(27.8 ±7.1 )μmol/L and (35.3 ±8.2)μmol/L,(6.42 ±1.24)points and (9.20 ± 1.46)points,which were significantly lower than before treatment (t =6.563 and 5.341,11.266 and 7.044,7.346 and 6.013,6.252 and 4.423,all P <0.05).The ALB levels were (38.5 ±2.9)g/L and (34.4 ±3.0)g/L,which were significantly higher than before treatment(t =4.812 and 3.701,all P <0.05).The HBV -DNA,ALT,TBIL, Child -Pugh score of the observation group after treatment were significantly lower than the control group (t =3.335, 3.431,3.411,3.204,all P <0.05).The ALB of the observation group after treatment was significantly higher than the control group (t =3.034,P <0.05).There were two cases of deaths(4.45%)in the observation group,8 cases of deaths(17.39%) in the control group because of progressive deterioration,there was significant difference in treatment outcome between the two groups(χ2 =4.039,P <0.05).Conclusion Entecavir can delay progression, effectively reducing HBV -DNA,improve liver function and Child -Pugh score in the treatment of patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis,it can be used as first -line drug use.

Objective To improve the diagnostic accuracy by analyzing the computed tomography ( CT) characteristic performance of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung. Methods CT findings 15 cases proved by pathology of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung were retrospectively analyzed,and CT characteristic performance were studied by reviewing the literatures. Results The mucoepidermoid carcino-ma were located in right bronchial of 8 cases,left bronchial of 6 cases,peripheral part of the lung of 1 case. Calcification was seen in 7 mas-ses. Most masses density was not homogeneous at plain scanning. Venous phase have significantly enhanced compared with arterial phase. Ten cases showed obstructive pneumonia and atelectasis,3 cases with mediastinal lymph node metastases. Conclusion Multiple mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung grows extension of the long axis of bronchial,calcification be seen in most of patients. The enhanced mode of the lesions appeared as continuous progressive enhancement,some were illustrated with post obstructive pneumonia or atelectasis,CT have a certain value of diagnosis and diffenertial diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the changes of pH of cerebralspinal fluid (CSFpH) and intracranial pressure(ICP) in the brain tumor patients during nurosurgery, in order to explore the measures for regulating ICP during these procedures Methods Forty-five patients suffering from brain tumor, scheduled for nurosurgery under diazepam-fentanyl-sodium thiopental-atracurium anesthesia, were randomly selected CSFpH and ICP were measured concomitantly during different phases of operation, including pre-anesthetic,post-anethetic periods, tracheal intubation, incision of the durae, excision of tumor and extubationResults As compared with those before anesthesia ,ICP increased gradually and CSFpH decreased gradually after the induction of anesthesia (P

Objective To compare the effects of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) on classifications and locations of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) located under subretinal hemorrhage in age-related macular degeneration, and on the area-measuring of subretinal hemorrhage. Methods The medical record of 177 patients with subretinal hemorrhage associated with AMD confirmed by photochrome of ocular fundus, FFA and ICGA examinations were retrospectively reviewed. The locations and classifications of CNV on the images of FFA and ICGA in the 177 patients and the area of subretinal hemorrhage of 30 patients randomly selected from the 177 patients were analyzed and measured. Results On the images of FFA, the locations and classifications of CNV could be defined in 160 patients (90.4%), and CNV was considered eligible for laser therapy in 24 patients (13.6%). On the images of ICGA, the locations and classifications of CNV could be defined in 175 patients (98.9%),and CNV was considered eligible for laser therapy in 51 patients (28.8%). There was no statistical difference of the locations (Z=-0.383,P=0.701) and classifications (?2=2.993,P=0.810) of CNV on the images of FFA and ICGA. The areas of blocked fluorescence measured on the images of FFA (=26.610 mm2 and M= 13.548 mm2) were larger than those of ICGA (=24.714 mm2, M=12.875 mm2) with statistical differences (Z=-3.000,P=0.003) between FFA and ICGA. Conclusions ICGA is beneficial for imaging CNV located under subretinal hemorrhage, and may increase the number of the patients who are considered eligible for laser treatment. The effect of measurement of the area of subretinal hemorrhage in AMD evaluated by FFA is better.

Objective To disclose the inter-species differences among Papaver somniferum L, Papaver rhoeas L and Cannabis sativa L using AFLP analysis. MethodsThe root, stem, foliage, flower, seed of Papaver somniferum L, foliage of Papaver rhoeas L and Cannabis sativa L were collected respectively. DNA was isolated with AxyPrep Kit, and double-digested by EcoR I and Mse I, then oligonucleotide adapters were ligated. After Pre-amplification, selective amplification was performed using 6 pairs of fluorescent primer. The DNA fragments were analyzed using a CEQ 8000 DNA Fragment Analyzer. Results27 to 46, 5 to 20 and 4 to 31 pieces of amplified products were detected from Papaver somniferum L, Cannabis sativa L and Papaver rhoeas L respectively, and significant difference was observed among these three groups of products. The identical species-specific peaks were identified from root, stem, leaf, flower and seed DNA from the same Papaver somniferum L. ConclusionThe diacritical results from Papaver somniferum L, Papaver rhoeas L and Cannabis sativa L, as well as the identical results of different parts from the same plant demonstrated that AFLP analysis could be used possibly to determine the species origin of unknown plants samples.

Background Human Tenon fibroblasts (HTFs) are the main cell component in scar tissue after antiglaucomatous filtrating surgery.To study the in vitro growth and proliferation features will offer an approach to the preventing and treating of scarring following antiglaucomatous filtrating surgery.Objective The goal of present study was to investigate the growth characteristics of HTFs in vitro from patients with bleb scarring after antiglaucomatous filtrating surgery.Methods This study process was approved by Ethic Committee of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,and informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to the initaion of the study.The specimens of scaring tissue were obtained during the secondary trabeculectomy from 8 eyes with bleb scaring after initial antiglaucomatous filtrating surgery with the tissue size of 4 mm×5 mm,and the normal Tenon capsule specimens were acquired during the strabismus surgery from 8 eyes in the same way.HTFs were primarily cultured and passaged by tissue explants adherent method and identified using immunoinfluorescence technique with vemintin antibody.Nest PCR was used to exclude the mycoplasma infection during the culturing process.The morphology,growth curve and population doubling time (PDT) of the fifth generation of cells were examined and calculated by luminescence method cell vitality method 0,4,7,11,14 days and compared between the patients and normal groups.The stability of the cell growth was assessed by comparing the morphology,growth curve and PDT between the fifth generation and fifteenth generation of HTFs.Results Primarily cultured cells reached confluence 1-2 weeks with the similar shape to HTFs.The growth properties of the cells were same between the scarring group and normal group and showed positive response for vemintin antibody.No react band for mycoplasma was detected.The PDT was (20.54±3.51) hours and (18.86±2.91) hours in the scarring group and normal group,respectively,showing insignificant difference between them (t=0.634,P=0.561).No significant differences were found in the number of cells in 4,7,11 and 14 days after passage (t =2.663,P =0.081; t =0.194,P =0.863 ; t =3.338,P =0.053 ; t =0.627,P =0.565),with a consistent growth curve with the lapse of time between the two groups.The HTFs from scarred Tenon capsule fibrosis were cultured and passaged until the fifteenth generation.The PDT was gained to be (20.54 ±3.51) hours in the fifth generation of cells and (22.84±4.15) hours in the fifteenth generation of cells,without significant difference between them (t =0.733,P =0.505).The number of cellsin 4,7,11 and 14 days was not significantly different between the fifteenth generation and the fifth generation of cells (t=1.528,P=0.235;t=0.269,P=0.786;t=1.954,P=0.139;t =0.730,P =0.506).In addition,a good and stable growth curve also was exhibited in the fifteenth generation of cells compared with the fifth generation of cells.Conclusions Bleb scar-derived HTFs present good and stable growth in vitro.This result demonstrates HTFs were target cells in antifibrosis study after antiglaucoma filtrating surgery.