The recent development of process analytical chemistry(PAC) in the past years is reviewed. The content includes process measurement, sensor, chemometrics etc. The future of PAC is also discussed. 62 references are cited

Accidents, Occupational ; Acute Disease ; Aniline Compounds ; poisoning ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases

Objective To investigate the effect of pigment epithelium- derived factor (PEDF) on p38MAPK-CREB pathway and the expression of fibronectin (FN) in human mesangial cells (HMCs) cultured with high glucose. Methods HMCs were treated with different concentrations of glucose and the osmotic control respectively in the presence or absence of PEDF for 24 h:normal glucose (5.6 mmol/L),24.4 mmol/L mannitol,high glucose (30 mmol/L),high glucose+PEDF(30 mmol/L glucose with 10 nmol/L PEDF,40 nmol/L PEDF or 100 nmol/L PEDF).After samples were collected,the expression of phospho-p38MAPK (p-p38) and p-CREB was assessed by Western blotting,while FN mRNA and protein expression was assessed with RT-PCR and ELISA respectively. Results In contrast to normal glucose and mannitol treatments,the expression of p-p38MAPK,p-CREB and FN increased significantly in high glucose group (all P＜ 0.01).However,PEDF abolished the up-regulation of p-p38MAPK,p-CREB and FN induced by high glucose (all P＜0.05). Conclusion PEDF may inhibit fibrosis through P38MAPK-CREB pathway in diabetic nephropathy.

0.05).Conclusion TP may have protective effects on chronical hypoxia induced polycythemia in rats.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the effect of different doses of propofol injection and propofol medium/long-chain fat emulsion injection in short time infusion on plasma ketone body ratio,to eva-lute its effecton hepatic energy metabolism.Methods Forty patients,aged 18-50 years old,ASA Ⅰ orⅡ undergoing selective surgery were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 cases in each;propofol injection 4 mg·kg-1·h-1 maintain anesthesia (group L4 ),propofol injection 6 mg·kg-1·h-1 maintain anesthesia (group L6 ),propofol medium/long-chain fat emulsion injection 4 mg·kg-1·h-1 maintain anesthesia (group M4 ),propofol medium/long-chain fat emulsion injection 6 mg·kg-1·h-1 maintain anesthesia (group M6 ).MAP,HR,SpO2 and PET CO2 were recorded before anesthesia induction (T0 ),after tracheal intubation (T1 ),after 2 hours infusion of propofol (T2 )and operation completed (T3 ).The blood samples were collected at T1 and T2 to detect the level of acetoacetate,β-hydroxybu-tyrate and to calculate the blood ketone body ratio (the ratio of acetoacetate andβ-hydroxybutyrate). Results MAP,HR,SpO2 ,PET CO2 at T0-T3 and acetoacetate,β-hydroxybutyrate,blood ketone body ratio at T1 ,T2 showed no significant statistic difference.Conclusion Different doses of propofol and different doses of propofol medium/long-chain fat emulsion injection in short time continuous in-fusion has no obvious effect on hepatic energy metabolism;same dose of propofol injection and propo-fol medium/long-chain fat emulsion injection in short time continuous infusion has no obvious effect on hepatic energy metabolism.

Objective To explore the distribution and genotypes of plasmid-mediated quionlone resistance (PMQR)genes and intI1 integrase genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolates.Methods The PMQR genes and intI1 integrase genes were identified by polymerase chain reaction in the nonduplicate strains of E.coli (80),E.cloacae (18)and K.pneunoniae (27).The positive PCR products were subj ect to DNA sequencing analysis.The gene-positive strains were tested by conj ugation experiment.The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs)of donor,recipient strains and transconj ugants were tested by agar dilution method with quinolones and other antimicrobial agents.Results Sixteen (12.8%)of the 125 Enterobacteriaceae isolates were qnr gene positive,including 8 qnrS1 positive and 8 qnrB6 positive.Furthermore,the aac(6′)-Ib-cr gene was identified in 15 (12.0%) strains.Twenty PMQR-positive isolates harbored intI1 integrase gene.The conjugation experiments were successful in 12 of the 26 PMQR-positive isolates and 7 of the 20 intI1-positive isolates.The MICs of quinolones and other antimicrobial agents against the transconj ugants were higher than the MIC values against recipient strains.Conclusions The PMQR genes are prevalent in Enterobacteriaceae isolates.The PMQR-positive isolates can co-harbor integrase genes.These resistance genes have the feature of horizontal transfer,to which close attention should be paid.

Objective To investigate the relationship of nitric oxide with nitric oxide synthase system in fetal rat kidney and the mechanism of renal injury after acute intrauterine ischemia(hypoxia)/reperfusion ischemia(hypoxia)/reperfusion. Methods Wistar rats of 21 gestational days were selected and divided into seven groups according to the different ischemia(hypoxia)/reperfusion time. The level of nitric oxide and the expression of nitric oxide synthase system were detected by biochemistry, immunohistochemistry and RT PCR. Results The NO level was decreased gradually with extension of ischemia, which was significantly different from sham group ( P

AIM: To express the synthesized human insul in like growth factor I (hIGF-1) gene in E.coli with high expression level a nd explore the way to increase the efficiency of factor Xa cleavage. METHODS: The gene of hIGF-1 was designed and synthesized accordi n g to the preference of E.coli. A fusion protein with a recognized site of fa ctor Xa between CBD (cellulose binding domain) and hIGF-1 was expressed and puri fied by cellulose affinity chromatography. MTT method was used to assay the bioa ctivity of CBD-IGF fusion protein. hIGF-1 was released by factor Xa. In order to improve the sensitivity of fusion protein to factor Xa, the short flexible pept ide (Gly-Thr-Gly- Gly-Gly-Ser-Gly) was added before the recognized site of fac tor Xa. RESULTS: SDS-PAGE results indicated that the CBD-IGF fusion prot ein was expressed and purified . Biological assay results indicated CBD-IGF fusi on protein could promote the growth of NIH3T3 cell. The short flexible peptide (Gly-Thr-Gly-Gly-Gly-Ser-Gly), which was added before the recognized site of f actor Xa, improved the sensitivity of fusion protein to factor Xa. CONCLUSION: CBD-IGF fusion protein with bioactivite are expresse d and purified. The amio acid sequences changes between the site recognize of fa ctor Xa can help to improve the cleavage efficiency of Factor Xa.

AIM: To investigate the indications and therapeutic effect of the conservative treatment and surgical treatment for vitreous hemorrhage.
METHODS: Hemorrhage reasons, degree of illness, and treatment and final results of vitreous hemorrhage were recorded from 2008 to 2013, and curative effect of different treatments was analyzed.
RESULTS:Selected 22 cases ( 24 eyes ) of conservative treatment, vision degree of 6 eyes ( 25%) had raised, 5 eyes ( 21%) occurred secondary retinal detachment without treatment, 3 eyes (12. 5%) suffered neovascular glaucoma were underwent operation, but the vision had lost completely. In 26 cases ( 31 eyes ) of control (operation) group, vision of 17 eyes (55%) had improved, 2 eyes (6. 5%) suffered the second operation, 2 eyes (6. 5%) suffered the third surgery, 3 eyes (10%) suffered eyeball atrophy. The number of ultimate vision improved with conservative treatment were significantly lower than the number of cases with surgical treatment (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: The surgical treatment is still visible vitreous hemorrhage treatment means of positive, but there will be eyeball atrophy and other serious complications, so we should choose a different methods in according to the different treatment objects and treatment time.