Objective: To observe the effect of acupoint massage plus Vitalstim electrical stimulation on deglutition function and surface electromyography (SEMG) of deglutition muscle groups. Methods: A total of 60 patients with deglutition disorder after stroke were selected and divided into an electrical stimulation group, a massage group and an integrated group according to the random number table method, with 20 cases in each group. Patients in these three groups were given the same routine rehabilitation training for deglutition. In addition, patients in the electrical stimulation group were given extra Vitalstim electrical stimulation, patients in the massage group were given extra acupoint massage on the head, face and neck, and patients in the integrated group were given extra acupoint massage plus Vitalstim electrical stimulation. Fujishima Ichiro food intake level scale (FILS) was scored before and after treatment. The swallowing duration and maximal amplitude of masseter muscle in SEMG were evaluated before and after treatment. Results: After treatment, the FILS score and the maximal amplitude of recruitment potential generated by muscular contraction of masseter muscle group in the three groups were higher than those before treatment (all P<0.05), and the swallowing duration of masseter muscle group was shortened compared with that in the same group before treatment (all P<0.05). After treatment, the FILS score in the integrated group was higher than that in the electrical stimulation group and the massage group (both P<0.05). The swallowing duration of masseter muscle group measured by SEMG was lower than that in the electrical stimulation group and the massage group (both P<0.05), while the maximal amplitude was higher than that of the electrical stimulation group and the massage group (P<0.05). After treatment, there were no significant differences in the FILS score, swallowing duration and maximal amplitude of masseter muscle group between the electrical stimulation group and the massage group (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Both acupoint massage and electrical stimulation can improve the deglutition function in patients with deglutition disorder after stroke, and improve the coordination and flexibility of masseter muscle. The integration of the two is more effective.

Background TLR-4 is a natural immunity receptors in immunity,and it plays an important role in the repair of central nervous system damage.But its effect in glaucoma optic nerve injury is unclear.Objective This study was to investigate the expression of TLR-4 in retina with high intraocular pressure(IOP)in genetic and Drotein level and therefore explore the mechanism of TLR-4 on retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)injury. Methods Chronic ocular hypertension models were established in the right eyes of 150 clean purebred Sprague-Dawley rats by cauterizing the 3 sallow sclera veins.IOP was measured before and after 2 h,1 day,3,7,14,28,56 days after operation by PEN Ⅱ TONO-type pen tonometer.The expression of TLR-4 protein in rat retina was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot,and expression of TLR-4 mRNA was assayed by real time-PCR.This experimental procedure foliowed the Statement of Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. Results The IOP was elevated in various time points after operation in experimental group,showing significant differences in comparison with control group(P<0.01).The immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of TLR-4 protein in rat retina with chronic hypertension in 2 h,1 day,3,7,14,28,56 days after operation with the high A298 values in comparison with control eyes(P<0.05-0.01).Increased levels of TLR-4 mRNA in rat retinas were detected by RTPCR in high IOP eyes compared with control eyes in all time points after operation,presenting statistically significant differences between two groups(P<0.05-0.01).Western blot detection displayed the high expression of TLR-4 in retina in high IOP eyes early after operation with statistically significant results between model group and control group (P<0.05-0. 01). Conclusion TLR-4 is up-regulated in rat retina with chronic high IOP,suggesting that TLR-4 plays an immunoregulatory effect in glaucomatous eye.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the preparation and characteristics of curcumin phospholipid complex, including the effects of reaction time, reaction solvent, reaction concentration and reaction temperature. Preparation technology resulted in that 0.5 g curcumin and 10 g soy phospholipid dissolved in 100 mL anhydrous alcohol, were stirred 1 h in 50 degrees C waterbath, then steamed alcohol in decompression, collected solid residue and vacuum dried for 12 h. The physicochemical properties for the new complex including IR spectrometer, mass spectrograph and HNMR equipment were detected. As a result, the formation of the complex is based on the reaction between phospholipid polar group rounding phosphorus atom and curcumin. This result gave the evidence for the formation mechanism of phospholipid complex.
Curcuma ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Phospholipids ; chemistry

Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; chemical synthesis

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the relationship between A46G and C79G polymorphisms in the β2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) gene and the incidence of essential hypertension (EH) among the Han Chinese population.

METHODSWe conducted a computer retrieval of PUBMED, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases prior to May 2010. Articles investigating the relationship of EH and ADRB2 gene polymorphism of Han group were found through literature search, including 15 articles on A46G and 10 articles on C79G. According to the including and excluding criteria, a Meta-analysis was conducted in EH and ADRB2 gene polymorphism of A46G and C79G. The association was examined by RevMan4.2 software through quantitative analysis.

RESULTSEight articles on A46G polymorphism (including 1078 EH cases and 788 control subjects) and six articles on C79G polymorphism (including 1367 EH cases and 1006 control subjects) were included in the current study. Meta-analysis showed that there was a significant association between A46G polymorphism and EH: genotype GG/(AA + AG) (fixed-effected model, OR = 1.35, 95%CI = 1.04 - 1.74, P = 0.02), genotype GG/AA (fixed-effected model, OR = 1.41, 95%CI = 1.06 - 1.89, P = 0.02). No significant association was found between C79G polymorphism and EH of Han group in China: G/C allele comparison (random-effected model, OR = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.55 - 1.39, P = 0.57).

CONCLUSIONSignificant association was found between A46G polymorphism of ADRB2 gene and EH, whereas no association could be found between C79G polymorphism and EH among Han Chinese population.

Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; epidemiology ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 ; genetics ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of Junctophilin 1 (JP1) in cardiogenesis of mammalian.

METHODSCardiac differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) was generated by hanging drop method. Fetal heart was obtained from the rats aged d 14-20 of gestation. The expression of JP1 and JP2 during cardiogenesis of ESCs and rat embryos was analyzed by RT-PCR or Western blotting. Immunofluorescence staining was employed to reveal the distribution of JP1 and JP2 in embryoid body (EB), probing for merging of JP1 and JP2 and cardiac sarcomeric α-Actinin or Troponin-T. Percentage of JP1 and JP2-positive staining cells was analyzed quantitatively by FCS on d17.

RESULTSJP1 mRNA was up-regulated at the early stage (d 5-11) and then decreased. The expression of JP1 protein was up-regulated at the early stage (d 7-9), then decreased gradually and disappeared after d 15. While JP2 gene and protein expression increased in a time-dependent manner during cardiogenesis of rat embryos. The results of immunofluorescence staining showed that there was a parallel co-localization of JP2 with Troponin-T or α-Actinin on d17, while JP1 failed to express in the sarcomeric positive area at the same time point. Furthermore, FCS analysis showed that about 16.59% of cells were JP2-positive, while no cells were stained positively for JP1 in d17 EBs.

CONCLUSIONJP1 gene is expressed during the whole process of cardiogenesis, while JP1 protein only appears on the early stage. The expression of JP1 in cardiogenesis of ESCs is consistent with that of rat embryos.

Actinin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Heart ; embryology ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Troponin T ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of adhesion molecules alphavbeta3 and alphavbeta5 and their ligands Del-1 and L1 in the tumor-endothelial cell adhesion in vitro.

METHODSThe expression of alphavbeta3, alphavbeta5 and ICAM-1 in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) and liver cancer endothelial cells (T3A) cultured under normoxia or hypoxia were analyzed by RT-PCR and fluorescent activated cell sorter (FACS). The expression of Del-1 and L1 in six tumor cell lines under normoxia or hypoxia were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The adhesion of dye-labeled tumor cells and endothelial LSEC and T3A cells was measured by a fluorescence plate reader after their culture.

RESULTSThe expression of alphavbeta3 and alphavbeta5 were higher in T3A cells than that in LSEC cells, and were upregulated under hypoxia, while the expression of ICAM-1 was lower in T3A cells than that in LSEC cells, and was upregulated under hypoxia only in LSEC. The expression of Del-1 and L1 molecules were obviously different in various tumor cell lines and were differentially regulated under hypoxia. The adhesion of tumor cells with Del-1 or L1 expression was higher in T3A cells than that in LSEC cells, and was significantly increased under hypoxia condition. Furthermore, the adhesion of tumor cells to T3A could be inhibited by antibodies against alphavbeta3 and alphavbeta5, or SiRNAs for beta3 and beta5.

CONCLUSIONalphavbeta3 and alphavbeta5 and their ligands Del-1 and L1 may play an important role in tumor cell migration.

Antibodies ; immunology ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Integrin alphaVbeta3 ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; immunology ; metabolism ; Ligands ; Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; pharmacology ; Receptors, Vitronectin ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo construct a rheumatoid arthritis-specific full-length fully human mammalian display antibody libraries.

METHODSPeripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The repertoires of kappa light chain (LCκ) and heavy chain variable region (VH) of the antibodies were amplified by RT-PCR. The amplified LCκ and VH genes were inserted into the vector pDGB-HC-TM separately, and the ligated libraries were transformed into competent E.coli TOPO-10 strain to construct the rheumatoid arthritis-specific antibody heavy and light chain libraries. 293T cells were co-transfected with the libraries and the full-length fully human antibody expressed on the surface of 293T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe libraries of rheumatoid arthritis-specific antibody LCκ and heavy chain (IgG1) were constructed. The expression of full-length fully human antibody on the surface of 293T cells was confirmed by flow cytometry. With the rates of correct LCκ and heavy chain sequence insertion reaching 80% and 60%, respectively, as shown by DNA sequence analysis of the randomly selected clones, the libraries showed an expressible combinatory diversity of 6.13×10(10).

CONCLUSIONThe constructed libraries provide a useful platform for screening rheumatoid arthritis-specific antibodies.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies ; genetics ; immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; immunology ; Cell Surface Display Techniques ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Lymphocytes ; immunology ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Library ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo analyze the pelvic stability after type I resection of iliac tumor.

METHODSSix adult cadaveric specimens were tested. The iliac subtotal resection models were established according to Ennecking's type I resection. Markers were affixed to the key region of the pelves. Axial loading from the proximal lumbar was applied by MTS load cell in the gradient of 0-500 N in the double feet standing state. Images in front view were obtained using CCD camera. Based on Image J software, displacements of the first sacral vertebrae (S1) of the resected pelves and the intact pelves were calculated using digital marker tracing method with center-of-mass algorithm.

RESULTSSerious instabilities were found in the resected pelves. S1 rotational movements around the normal side femoral head of the resected pelvis were found. The average vertical displacement of S1 of the resected pelvis was (7 +/- 3) mm under vertical load of 500 newtons, which were 8.3 times compared to the intact pelvis. The average angle of S1 rotation around the normal side femoral head of the resected pelvis was (4.0 +/- 1.8) degrees, which were 12.5 times compared to the intact pelvis.

CONCLUSIONSBiomechanical model of type I resection of iliac tumor are established. Essential pelvic reconstruction must be introduced because of the serious instability of the bone defection after tumor resection.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Neoplasms ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Ilium ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Biological ; Pelvis ; physiopathology ; Range of Motion, Articular

Objective To study the bioequivalence and safety of two olmesartan medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide tablets in Chinese healthy subjects.Methods A total of 24 healthy subjects underwent fasting and postprandial tests in a single-center,randomized,open-label,single-dose,two-formulation,two-sequence,two-period,self-cross-over controlled design.The subjects were administered a single oral dose of the test formulation and reference formulation(each containingolmesartan medoxomil 20 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg)in a random cross-over fashion.The plasma concentrations of olmesartan and hydrochlorothiazide were determined by LC-MS/MS.The non-compartmental model analysis of olmesartan and hydrochlorothiazide was conducted using WinNonlin 7.0 software to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters and assess bioequivalence.Results In the fasting test,the pharmacokinetic parameters of olmesartan of test and reference were as follows:Cmax were(798.35±206.78)and(664.52±168.25)ng·mL-1,AUC0-t were(4 430.71±1 294.87)and(3 976.67±1 083.54)h·ng·mL-1,AUC0-∞ were(4 551.67±1 303.06)and(4 090.37±1 103.97)h·ng·mL-1.The pharmacokinetic parameters of hydrochlorothiazide of test and reference were as follows:Cmax were(92.39±35.96)and(96.15±38.76)ng·mL-1,AUC0_t were(548.69±217.11)and(564.41±208.68)h·ng·mL-1,AUC0-∞ were(603.04±228.59)and(619.26±223.27)h·ng·mL-1.In the fed test,the pharmacokinetic parameters of olmesartan of T and R were as follows:Cmax were(583.15±149.48)and(550.57±104.76)ng·mL-1,AUC0-t were(3 585.18±952.72)and(3 292.19±904.58)h·ng·mL-1,AUC0-∞ were(3 696.05±996.55)and(3 396.30±923.41)h·ng·mL-1.The pharmacokinetic parameters of hydrochlorothiazide of test and reference were as follows:Cmax were(70.30±17.88)and(74.70±21.65)ng·mL-1,AUC0-t were(476.60±119.39)and(492.91±144.81)h·ng·mL-1,AUC0-∞ were(523.37±132.67)and(535.81±151.92)h·ng·mL-1.In fasting and fed condition,the 90％confidence interval(90％CI)of Cmax,AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ of olmesartan and hydrochlorothiazide were in 80.00％-125.00％.Conclusion The two olmesartan medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide tablets were bioequivalent under fasting and fed conditions,and good security.