The population of bacterial physiological groups in tomato with different resistant to Ralstonia solanacearum was studied. The results suggested that endophytic bacterial communities and population in tomato variety changed with different resistant cultivars, different stages of tomato and seasons. It was con-ducted that the amount of ammoniation bacteria was the highest among the seven physiological bacterial groups. There were more ammoniation bacteria in high resistant tomato cultivars than that in high suscepti-ble cultivars. It may indicate that ammoniation bacteria played a key role in the occurrence of tomato bacte-rial wilt. In addition, the total amount of physiological bacteria in resistant cultivars was more than that in susceptible cultivars in different stages of tomato, and the tendency of changing displayed fluctuation. The average level of quantities of the ammoniation bacteria, nitrifiers bacteria, erobic nitogenfixing bacteria and desulphate reducer bacteria in summer were higher than that in winter, while the population of the sulphate reduced bacteria in winter was higher than that in summer. Furthermore, the amount of anaerobic bacteria was the least among them.

Objective Quality control of Angelica dahurica by standard-ized reference extract qualification and single compound quantitative eval-uation.Methods The samples were analyzed by HPLC after pressurized liquid extraction ( PLE).The chromatographic conditions were as follow-ing:The column was ACE UltraCore C 18 (50 mm ×2.1 mm, 2.5 μm);the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile -water using gradient elution;the flow rate was 1.0 mL · min-1 and the column temperature was 30℃.The detection wavelength was set at 310 nm and the sample injection volume was 5μL.The method was validated by investigating its specifici-ty, linearities and limit of detection , precision , extraction recovery , sta-bility and repeatability.Results Five components including bergapten , oxypeucedanin , imperatorin, cinidilin and isoimperatorin were deter-mined by HPLC.The linearities of them were good ( r≥0.999 4 ) in the concentration ranges of 0.50 -10.00 , 1.00 -20.00 , 1.00 -20.0 , 1.00-20.00 , 1.00 -20.00 mL · L-1 , respectively.The coumarins showed the overall recoveries ranging from 96.4%-100.0%.The peaks of determined compounds were identified by standardized reference ex-tract.The contents of coumarins in samples were respectively determined by individual calibration curve method and single compound quantitative evaluation.The results had a good consistence , but the contents of five compounds of Angelica dahurica from different areas had obvious differences.Conclusion The strategy is feasible and credible, which is easily and effectively adapted for the quality control of Angelica dahurica.

Seven meroterpenoids and five small-molecular precursors were isolated from Penicillium sp., an endophytic fungus from Dysosma versipellis. The structures of new compounds, 11beta-acetoxyisoaustinone (1) and isoberkedienolactone (2) were elucidated based on analysis of the spectral data, and the absolute configuration of 2 was established by TDDFT ECD calculation with satisfactory match to its experimental ECD data. Meroterpenoids originated tetraketide and pentaketide precursors, resepectively, were found to be simultaneously produced in specific fungus of Penicillium species. These compounds showed weak cytotoxicity in vitro against HCT-116, HepG2, BGC-823, NCI-H1650, and A2780 cell lines with IC 50 > 10 micromol x L(-1).
Berberidaceae ; microbiology ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Lactones ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Monoterpenes ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Penicillium ; chemistry

A rapid, sensitive and simple liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of clevidipine butyrate and its primary metabolite clevidipine acid in dog blood. After one-step protein precipitation with methanol, the chromatographic separation was carried out on an Ecosil C18 column (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm) with a gradient mobile phase consisting of methanol and 5 mmol · L(-1) ammonium formate. A chromatographic total run time of 13.0 min was achieved. The quantitation analysis was performed using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) at the specific ion transitions of m/z 454.1 [M-H]- --> m/z 234.1 for clevidipine butyrate, m/z 354.0 [M-H]- --> m/z 208.0 for clevidipine acid and m/z 256.1 [M-H]- --> m/z 227.1 for elofesalamide (internal standard, IS) in the negative ion mode with electrospray ionization (ESI) source. The linear calibration curves for clevidipine butyrate and clevidipine acid were obtained in the concentration ranges of 0.5-100 ng · mL and 1-200 ng · mL(-1), separately. The lower limit of quantification of clevidipine butyrate and clevidipine acid were 0.5 ng · mL(-1) and 1 ng · mL(-1). The intra and inter-assay precisions were all below 12.9%, the accuracies were all in standard ranges. Stability testing indicated that clevidipine butyrate and clevidipine acid in dog blood with the addition of denaturant methanol was stable under various processing and/or handling conditions. The validated method has been successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of clevidipine butyrate injection to 8 healthy Beagle dogs following intravenous infusion at a flow rate of 5 mg · h(-1) for 0.5 h.
Animals ; Butyrates ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Calibration ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Dogs ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Pyridines ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Objective To develop a LC-MS/MS method for the determination of cryptotanshinone and tanshinone Ⅱ A in human plasma.Methods The plasma samples were precipitated with methano1. After sample preparation, the samples were separated on a Symmetry C18 (150 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) column using acetonitrile and water (with 0. 1％formic acid) as mobile phase in gradient elution mode. Velocity of flow was 0. 1 m L·min-1. Column temperature was 35 ℃. Sample size was 10μL. The mass spectrometer was operated under the positive ion mode with the electrospray ionization source. And, the detection was performed by multiple reaction monitoring. The specificity, standard curve and lower limit of quantification, precision and recovery, stability of the method were investigated. Results The linear relationships for cryptotanshinone and tanshinone Ⅱ A were good in the concentration range of0. 50-100. 10 ng·m L-1 and 0. 51-101. 20 ng·m L-1, limit of quantitation were 0. 50 and 0. 51 ng·m L-1 and the intra-day and inter-day precision (RSD) were less than 8. 3％. The average recoveries for cryptotanshinone and tanshinone Ⅱ A at low, medium and high levels were greater than 88. 3％. Conclusion The analysis method was sensitive, simple and suitable enough to be applied for the determination of cryptotanshinone and tanshinone ⅡA in human plasma.

Objective To compare the features of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of hepatic angiomyolipoma (HAML), and to explore their relationship with pathologic findings. Methods Thirty patients with 31 resected or punctured and pathologically proved hepatic angiomyolipomas in Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University from January 2006 to December 2012 were selected in this retrospective study. CEUS and CECT features were evaluated and analyzed with pathology findings in 30 patients with HAML preoperatively. The proportion of typical performance by CEUS compared with CECT in this group was analyzed with Fisher exact propability. Results Seventeen lesions were inhomogeneous hyperechoic under conventional ultrasound observation. Twenty lesions demonstrated typical imaging characteristics by CEUS, eleven lesions showed atypia CEUS imaging characteristics. There were seventeen lesions on CT indicates the presence of fat. Seven lesions demonstrated typical imaging characteristics by CECT, twenty-four lesions presented atypical CECT imaging characteristics. The proportion of showing typical imaging characteristics by CEUS was higher than by CECT (64.5%vs 22.6%, P=0.002). Among the eleven mixed type HAML lesions, seven lesions showed typical CEUS imaging characteristics and two lesions demonstrated typical CECT imaging characteristics. In the ten myomatous type HAML lesions, six lesions displayed typical CEUS imaging characteristics and two lesions revealed typical CECT imaging characteristics. Among the eight lipomatous type HAML lesions, six lesions showed typical CEUS imaging characteristics and three lesions displayed typical CECT imaging characteristics. Conclusions Conventional ultrasound combining with CEUS can demonstrate the echoic and blood perfusion characteristics of HAML in most cases. The features of CEUS and CECT were varied in different histological types.

A new viral sampling concentration device was designed which was equipped with a new cationic filter membrane-Nanoceram suitable for field sampling. Norovirus Genegroup II was detected from environmental water with the aid of this device. The effects on virus recovery of prefiltration, various second-concentration methods, and different eluants were investigated through pre-experiment. The concentration optimized process, and the optimal concentration process were then determined. The results showed that the prefiltration had a profound effect on virus recovery, and two second-concentration method: PEG-NaC1 precipitation and celite adsorption, had almost the same concentration effects. The Na2 HPO4 solution of 0.15 mol/L was selected as the final eluant to elute the adsorbed Nuorovirus from the celite. The virus recovery of Nanoceram was determined to be 3.02%. Finally, successful detection of Norovirus GII in sewage from Yangqiao River, Fengtai District, Beijing was acheived. All these data had shown that the Naneceram filter concentration method could concentrate Norovirus from environmental water with a steady effects.
Filtration ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fractional Precipitation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Genotype ; Norovirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Rivers ; virology ; Water Microbiology

AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab ( avastin ) injection in patients with exudative age related macular degeneration ( AMD) .
METHODS: The records of patients treated with intravitreal injection of 1. 75mg bevacizumab for AMD were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were evaluated by complete ophthalmic examination, optical coherence tomography and fundus fluorescein and/or indocyanine green angiography. Observation was made on the best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA) , intraocular pressure, and the changes of lens, vitreous, central retinal thickness (CFT) and total macular volume (TMV), at 1d, 3d, 7d, 1mo and 6mo after the treatment and then compared with those of pre - operation. Repeated treatment with intravitreous bevacizumab occurred if there were signs of persistent or recurrent exudation. And all cases were followed up at least 6mo. An intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (1. 75mg) was given once every 6wk.
RESULTS:All 50 eyes of 48 patients with the average of 58±20. 46 years old were included. The mean baseline of BCVA and CFT were 0. 82±0. 53, and 364. 97±151. 83μm respectively. Although there was no significant decrease in mean CFT and TMV one week after the injection, the mean BCVA had significant improvement. At the last visit of 9. 7mo follow - up, BCVA, CRT and TMV showed significant improvements over baseline values. BCVA was improved by at least two lines in 32 eyes (64%),remained stabilization in 18 eyes (36%) at the last visit. A total of 98 injections were performed and the average number of injections was 1. 98 for each eye in the group. About 50%of re - injections gained at least two lines of vision improvement one week postoperatively. There were no serious adverse events during the treatment.
CONCLUSION: Intravitreal bevacizumab ( avastin ) injection for managing CNV due to age-related macular degeneration is safe and few side effects. Intravitreal avastin associated with improvement in visual acuity ( VA ) , which can reduce macular edema and choroidal neovascularization leakage. But a prolonged treatment effect needs further observation.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Instability ; complications ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Canal ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Spinal Stenosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; surgery

Objective To develop a method for determining the contents of 5 main active compounds in Long-Dan-Jian-Gan capsules.Methods Chromatographic separation was carried out on Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18(4.6 mm ×250 mm,5 μm).The mobile phase was methanol and phosphoric acid in aqueous solution (0.1％) with gradient elution.The flow rate of mobile phase was maintained at 1.0 mL · min-1 The detection wavelength was set at 280 nm.Investigation of specificity,calibration curves,lower limit of quantitation,precision,recovery and stability were investigated.Results Gentiopicrin,polydatin,scoparone,hesperidin and emodin had good linerities with concentrations in the ranges of 9.9-158.1,4.2-66.8,10.5-167.8,0.8-13.1,2.7-42.5 ng· mL-1,respectively.The lower limit of quantitation were 98.80,41.76,104.88,81.60,265.60 ng · mL-1,respectively.The average recoveries of high,medium and low concentrations were 94.19％-99.54％,94.90％-101.07％,94.45％-102.04％,RSD ≤2.32％.The precision of the instrument was good.Conclusion This method of the operation was simple,quick,accurate,and can be used for quality control of Long-Dan-Jian-Gan capsules.