BACKGROUND:It is an important and complex issue for the incidence of bacterial infection and complications after transplantation. The monitoring and care after transplantation can improve the success rate of transplantation. OBJECTIVE:To search the database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure, North American Clinical Trial Register and Thomson Reuters Web of Science database, and to perform literature metrological analysis and clinical trials registration project analysis on the published literatures of the monitoring and care after transplantation. METHODS:A total of 138 literatures were searched with the key words of“intensive care, transplantation”in the database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure on the intensive care after transplantation. 23 literatures were used for further analysis by reading titles and abstracts and 115 papers were excluded; the Thomson Reuters Web of Science database was searched with the key words of“intensive care, transplantation”for the literatures on the intensive care after transplantation published from 2008 to 2013;the North American Clinical Trial Register was searched with the key words of“intensive care, transplantation”for the related clinical trials, and a total of 50 registered projects were obtained, only 10 interventional studies. RESUTLS AND CONCLUSION:In recent years, the literatures on the intensive care after transplantation show a gradual increase trend. Compared with international research, fewer researches in this field emerge in China, literature quantity and quality need to be improved. There have been 1 693 papers published in the Thomson Reuters Web of Science database regarding the intensive care after transplantation. United States published the most literatures than other countries, total 532 papers, accounting for the largest proportion, 31.424%of total literatures. Transplantation Proceeding published the most literatures, total 144 papers, accounting for 8.506%of total literatures. There are 50 clinical trial registration projects related to the intensive care after transplantation in the North American Clinical Trial Register, 10 of them were interventional study, accounting for the majority, fol owed by observational study. Diagnostic study had no related registration projects. The surgery of transplantation was complex with trauma. The early monitoring and care post-transplantation are directly related to the success of surgery. Strengthening the monitoring and care of patients’ vital signs, rejection, bacterial infections and other aspects can reduce the complications and improve patients survival rate and quality of life.

Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer.18F-FDG PET-CT imaging-positive rate is low due to a variety of factors affecting the hepatoma cells.But the joint imaging can significantly improve the diagnostic positive rate and provide the basic information for treatment selection and prognosis.PET-CT is better than conventional imaging techniques in the diagnosis and therapy monitoring for metastatic liver cancer.

AIM: To observe the effect of adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) on the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), trkB and corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH) in the hippocampus of arthritic rats.METHODS: The BDNF immunoreactivity (IR) and CRH-positive neurons were stained with immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization methods, respectively.RESULTS: The BDNF-IR, CRH mRNA-positive neurons in the contralateral hippocampus of the arthritic rats were increased significantly, which was decreased markedly by intraperitoneal injection of ACTH. However, the effect of ACTH was attenuated after adrenalectomy (ADX).CONCLUSION: These results suggest that BDNF and CRH in the hippocampus of arthritic rats were involved in the modulation of chronic pain, ACTH produced its analgesic effect by inhibiting the increase in BDNF and CRF level. Adrenal is critical to the analgesic action of ACTH.

Objective To explore the distribution of temperament types and its related influencing factors of school-age twins.Method Childhood temperament were evaluated by standardized Middle Childhood Temperament Questionnaire (MCTQ) in a total of 125 pairs of 8 to 12 years old twins,and temperament related factors were measured by FACES Ⅱ-CV.Results The majority of temperament types of school-age twins were easy and intermediate-low.Easy,intermediate-low,difficult,intermediate-high and start-to-warm up took a percent of 41.6％,38.0％,11.2％,6.4％ and 2.8％,respectively.The heritability of temperament types was 0.454.The distribution of temperament types were influenced by the family cohesion,parenting rearing style,zygotic,age,father's occupation,mother's educational level and the method of delivery.Conclusion The temperament types of school-age twins were both influenced by genetic and environmental factors.

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effects of p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 on acute necrotizing pancreatitis associated lung injuries in rats.Methods Fifty-four SD male rates were randomly divided into 3 groups,including control group,ANP group,SB203580 group with 18 rats in each group.ANP was induced by intraperitoneal injection of L-arginine solution. Rats in control group were intraperitoneally injected with same amount of saline.Before ANP induction,the rats in SB203580 group received 10 μmol/L SB203580 dissolved by dimethyl sulfoxide at a dose of 5mg/kg weight via intraperitoneal injection.The rats were sacrificed at 3,6,and 12 h after operation,the serum levels of amylase,TNF-α,IL-6 was determined.Pathological changes of pancreas and lung were observed.The wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio of lung and MPO were measured.CINC mRNA of lungs was determined by RT PCR. Expression of phosphated-p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK) protein was evaluated by Western blotting.ResultsThe serum levels of amylase,TNF-α,IL-6and wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio of lung,MPO activity,CINC mRNA and p-p38MAPK protein expression of lungs were (1035 ±73)U/L,(0.94 ±0.16)μg/L,(4.77 ±0.86) μg/L,3.92 ±0.29,(0.39 ±0.02)U/g,0.28 ±0.04,0.09 ±0.04 in control group at 6 h after operation,and the corresponding values were (5848 ±656) U/L,(3.84 ±0.32)μg/L,(103.54 ± 15.32)μg/L,4.97 ±0.47,(1.03 ±0.08) U/g,0.62 ±0.06,0.52 ±0.14 in ANP group,while they were (4259 ±286) U/L,( 1.64 ±0.21 ) μg/L,(76.56 ± 11.46) μg/L,4.32 ±0.34,(0.78 ±0.05)U/g,0.37 ±0.04,0.27 ±0.08 in SB203580 group.The values in ANP group were significantly higher than those in control group,and the values in SB203580 group were significantly lower than those in ANP group,but they were still significantly higher than those in control group ( P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsSB203580 may attenuate injury of lung and pancreas in ANP by blocking p38MAPK signal transduction pathway,and decreasing the production of inflammatory cytokines.

BACKGROUND: Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) irradiation can cause the decline of learning and memory abilities of rats, and lead to the intracellular calcium overloading of hippocampal neurons in vitro, and then result in necrosis and apoptosis. Physical shield can alleviate the damage of electromagnetic irradiation on experimental animals, but studies of the medicine prevention and protection on cell models are still in lack.OBJECTIVE: To observe the possibility of medicine in preventing and protecting the EMP-induced injury of hippocampal neurons in vitro.DESIGN: A randomized controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengde Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiments were carried out in the Academy of Military Medical Sciences and Chengde Medical College from January 2004 to January 2005. Several neonatal Wistar rats were used.METHODS: The neonatal Wistar rats were killed by cutting heads to remove brain, and the hippocampal neurons were primarily cultured and identified. After pretreatment with MK801 [N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)receptor antagonist] and nifedipine (L-type Ca2+ channel blocking agent),the primarily cultured hippocampal neurons were irradiated with EMP. The condition of our experiment was 6×l04 Y/m, pulse rise time was 20 ns,pulse width was 30 ms, and frequency was 2.5 pulse per minute for 2 minutes. The neurons cultured in special petri dish, which could be observed under LSCM high amplified resolution, were divided into EMP irradiation group, MK801 20 μmol/L group, MK801 20 μmol/L+ nifedipine 1 μmol/L group. The cellular activities were detected with methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetry; The rate of apoptosis was detected with FASC method;The intracellular free Calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was determined by loading with Fluo-3-AM Ca2+ fluorescent probe (Molecular Probes Company) on the laser scanning confocal microscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The intracellular calcium overloading,cellular activity and rate of apoptosis were compared.RESULTS: ① The [Ca2+]i fluorescent intensity in the EMP irradiation group immediately after irradiation was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (107.34±26.14, 54.93±16.08, P＜0.05); As compared with the EMP irradiation group, the [Ca2+]i fluorescent intensity was decreased in the MK801 20 μmol/L group (81.29±19.96, P ＜ 0.05), and further decreased in the MK801 20 μmol/L+ 1 μmol/L nifedipine group (69.82±25.54, P＜0.05), but both were higher than that in the normal control group (P＜0.05). ②The A values that reflected the activity of cell proliferation MK801 20μmol/L group and MK801 20 μmol/L+1 μmol/L nifedipine group (0.25±0.06, 0.27±0.07) were obviously higher than that in the EMP irradiation group (0.17±0.08, P ＜ 0.05), but still lower than that in the normal control group (0.33±0.08, P ＜ 0.05). ③ The rate of apoptosis in the EMP irradiation group immediately after irradiation was significantly higher than that in the normal control group [(68.63±9.04)%, (20.14±4.34)%,P＜0.01]; As compared with the EMP irradiation group, the rate of apoptosis was decreased in the MK801 20 μmol/L group (62.12±11.08)%, and further decreased in the MK801 20 μmol/L± 1 μmol/L nifedipine group [(53.69±13.60)%, P ＜ 0.05], but both were higher than that in the normal control group (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with MK801 and nifedipine can partly block EMP induced damage in hippocampal neurons in vitro. Intracellular Ca2+ Overloading may play an important role in the injury of EMP on hippocampal neurons.

Objective To explore the potential role of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 ( MCP-1 ) gene in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI) in early acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into control group, ANP 3, 6, 12 h group with 10 rats in each group according to a number table. ANP was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 15% L-arginine solution at a dose of 2.0 mg/g body weight. Pathological changes of pancreases and lungs were observed. Lung wet/dry weight ratio was measured. Intrapulmonary expression of MCP-1 mRNA was evaluated by RT-PCR. Results After intraperitoneal injection of 15% L-arginine solution, the rat's pancreas presented with bleeding, necrosis comparable with pathological changes of ANP. Pulmonary tissue edema was obvious. At ANP 3, 6, 12 h group, the pathological scores of the lung were 3.75±0.58,5.50 ±0.63,5.86 ±0.54, the wet/dry weight ratios were 4.85 ±0.38,4.97 ± 0.47,5.03 ± 0. 46, the MCP-1 mRNA expressions were 0.36 ± 0.08, 0. 56 ± 0. 15, 0. 72 ± 0.21,which were significantly higher than those in the control group (0.12 ±0.05,4.32 ±0.33,0.21 ±0.05, P＜0.05 or ＜0.01 ). The MCP-1 mRNA expression in lungs was significantly correlated with the degree of lung damage and wet/dry weight ratio of lungs (r=0.75,r=0.89,P＜0.05).Conclusions MCP-1 mRNA expression was up-regulated in the early phase of ANP in the lungs, and it may play an important role in ALI during ANP.

Objective To exam the expression and the distribution difference between melatonin membrane receptor subtype Mel 1a and Mel 1b in the central nervous system of rats. Methods In situ hybridization technique was used. Results (1)The Mel 1a mRNA positive cells were mainly detected in the hippocampus,cerebral cortex,supraoptic nucleus,paraventricular nucleus,suprachiasmatic nucleus,inferior olivary nucleus,cortex and fastigial nucleus of cerebellar,ventral horn of the spinal cord,facial nerve nucleus,gigantocellular reticular nucleus,striatum cortex and trigeminal nerve nucleus,etc.(2)The Mel 1b mRNA positive cells were mainly observed in the cerebellar cortex,fastigial nucleus,global nucleus,emboliform nucleus of the medullaris cerebelli,hippocampus,cerebral cortex,ventral horn of the spinal cord,supraoptic nucleus and suprachiasmatic nucleus.Conclusion\ Mel 1a mRNA positive neurons were abundant and distributed widely in the CNS,while Mel 1b mRNA\|positive neurons distributed comparatively localized.However,the hippocampus and the cortex were two regions which were rich in both Mel 1a and Mel 1b mRNA positive neurons.\;[

Objective To investigate the riskf actors associated with sepsis following surgery of con-genital heart disease in children, for early-recognizing and diagnosing, improving prognosis and decreasing mortality.Methods Retrospective study wa s employed,52 patients of sepsis and 104 patients of non-sepsis with similar age,sex,na d the same diseases were enrolled during Jan 2012 to Apr 2015 in cardiac intensive care unit.Variables such as age,sex,preoperative infection,delayed sternum closure,diaphragmatic paralysis, exploraot ry chest,cardiopulmonaryb ypass time, placed invasive catheter were included in the research fac-tors.The Logistic regression model was set up,OR and 95%CI were calculta ed.Results In sepsis group,the more shock and dysfunction organs,longre hospital stays,longer ICU stays and higher mortality were found compared to the non-sepsis group[25.32%vs.6.73%,3.5 ±1.1 vs.1.1 ±0.7,(35.1 ±11.2)d vs.(11.3 ±3.1)d,(21.3 ±7.1)d vs.(7.1 ±2.3)d,19.23%vs.4.81%,P<0.05].In the Logistic regres ion mod-e l,variables significantly associated with sepsisw ere preoperative infection,deal yed sternal closure,explorato-ry chest,and placed more invais ve duct,diahp ragmatic paralysis(P<0.05).OR value (95%CI) were 10.53 (1.73,64.2),26.66(2.69,263.83),19.47(1.87,203.02),4.99(1.36,18.31),8.32 (0.12,16.46 ), respectively.Conclusion Preoperative infection,delayed sternal closure,exploratory chest,placed more inva-sive duct,diaphragmatic paralysis are the risk factors of sepsis.Children with sepsis had poor clinical outcome compared to those without sepsis.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of melatonin on the proliferation activity of murine foregastic carcinomac ( MFC) cells via melatonin membrane receptors MT 2 and its relationship with the signaling pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinases ( MAPKs), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase ( PI3K)-Akt.Methods Using siRNA technology to silence MT2 expression, we examined the ability of melatonin to inhibit the proliferation activity of MFC cells and its influence on the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 and Akt.Results We found two interesting effects of SiRNA-mediated silencing of MT2 expression.Firstly, it significantly antagonized the inhibitory effect of melatonin on the proliferation activity of MFC cells .Secondly , it partially blocked the inhibitory effect of melatonin on the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 and Akt.Conclusion Our results suggest that melatonin can inhibit the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 and Akt via MT2 receptors , thereby inhibiting the proliferation of gastric cancer cells .