Objective To investigate the situation of cognitive demands for disease of discharged patients with T tube,in order to adopt a more rational and effective interventions to meet the needs of patients.Methods 60 patients were investigated with the questionnaire survey designed to gauge patients'cognitive demands for disease and health knowledge.Results The patients had higher cognitive demands for T tube retention time,how to make self-observation and influence of T tube retention on normal work and life,among these patients,they laid different particular emphasis to some items between different sexes.Conclusions Nurses can provide patients with comprehensive,prioritized and individualized health guidance according to cognitive demands of patients,so that the health education quality and work efficiency can be improved.

Objective To explore the curative effect and indication in coverage of the thumb soft tissue defect by five kinds of minute flaps. Methods From January 1998 to March 2003, 52 cases with skin and soft tissue defect of the thumb were treated by five different kinds of flaps: 5 underwent the wrapping flap with nail from the big toe, 15 with the reversible thumb dorso-ulnar artery island flap, 10 with the thenar flap, 8 with the lateral digital island flap, 14 with the index finger dorsal island flap. There were 40 males and 12 females, aged from 17 to 35 years (average, 25 years). The maximum area of the repair flap was 5.0 cm?2.5 cm, and the minimum area was 2.0 cm?1.5 cm. Results All flaps survived. After 6 to 36 months postoperative follow-up, with an average of 20 months. The blood supply and texture of the flaps were excellent, their outer aspect and function were satisfactory. Among 46 cases of flaps with their proper or connecting nerves, the average distance of the two-point discrimination was 5.8 mm in the wrapping flap with nail from the big toe, 8.5 mm in the reversible thumb dorso-ulnar artery island flap, 7.0 mm in the thenar flap, 6.2 mm in the lateral digital island flap, 8.8 mm in the index finger dorsal island flap. Of the 6 cases that the nerves were not connected, the healed flaps had only the pain and touch sensation, the two-point discrimination was poorly recovered. Conclusion The five kinds of flaps are safe and reliable for repairing thumb soft tissue defect, among which the wrapping flap with nail from the big toe and the lateral digital island flap have the advantage of the best sensation recovery, the reversible thumb dorso-ulnar artery island flap and the thenar flap are easy to perform with minimum damage. Better curative effect can be obtained by choosing different flaps according to the site of tissue defect.

ObjectiveTo systemically review the effects of timing of initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) on prognosis in septic patients with acute kidney injury (AKI).Methods A systematic search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and other clinical studies focused on comparing varied timing of initiation of RRT in septic AKI patients was performed in English or Chinese from PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang data, VIP from January 2000 to July 2014. Data screened were extracted with Cochrane systemically review method, and enrolled literature was collected for Meta analysis with RevMan 5.2 software. Total mortality, 28-day mortality, the total length of hospital stay and intensive care unit (ICU) stay in septic AKI patients with early or late initiation of RRT was analyzed. Funnel plots were drawn to detect publication bias.Results Five retrospective comparative studies with a total of 885 patients were enrolled. Random effect model in Meta analysis showed that there was no significant difference in total mortality between early RRT group and late RRT group [65.7% (226/344) vs. 68.7% (239/348), odds ratio (OR) = 0.71, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.38-1.31,P = 0.27]. The funnel plot demonstrated publication bias. Fixed effect model showed that there was significant difference in 28-day mortality between early RRT group and late RRT group [43.4% (66/152) vs. 55.3% (94/170),OR = 0.59, 95%CI = 0.36-0.94,P= 0.03]. The funnel plot demonstrated publication bias too. The data of total length of hospital stay and ICU stay could not be Meta-analyzed because of different data distribution, but no differences in total length of hospital stay and ICU stay between early and late RRT groups for septic AKI patients were found.ConclusionEarly RRT could reduce the 28-day mortality in patients with septic AKI compared with late RRT, but it did not lower the total mortality.

Objective To report a simple, minimally invasive method of palliative drainage for symptomatic malignant ascites, in order to avoid repeated trips to hospital for paracentesis.Methods Since July 2000, 57 patients with symptomatic, large volume refractory ascites underwent percutaneous placement of Arrow catheter through a modified Seldinger technique with straight coaxial needles. There were 41 men and 16 women Age ranged from 34～83 years old with an average of 63, including 28 patients of primary liver cancer, 17 metastatic liver cancer, 5 Budd Charri syndrom, 4 pancreatic cancer, 2 peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer and one with overian cancer. All patients underwent ascites drainage with Arrow catheter accompanied by medical treatment. Results The Arrow catheter had detained for 1 19 days with an average of 5.7 days. Draining amount of ascites was 800 12 000 ml, average 7 200 ml. No complication of sepsis, peritonitis, or significant hypotension after catheter placement but with 7 cases of persistent leakage around the catheter, 2 accidentally detached cathere, 2 cases of unfluent drainage and one case of inferior epigastric blood vessel injury.Conclusions Percutaneous placement of Arrow catheter using a modified Seldinger technique with coaxial needles is a safe, simple, and effective method for palliative drainage of malignant ascites that improves patients life quality.

Objective To establish the role of hypothalamic neuroendocrine nuclei in neuroimmunomodulation,peripheral immune challenge\|linduced changes of immune cytokine receptor expression in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus(PVN) and supraotic nucleus(SON) were studied. Methods Following LPS or SEB was administered intraperitoneally,the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) of splenic cells and IL\|1 receptor type Ⅰ in PVN and SON were observed by using immunocytochemistry.Double fluorescent labeling technique was used to determine the relationship of IL\|1 receptor type Ⅰ co\|expressions with arginine vasopressin or oxytocin. Results 1.Compared with the controls,the expression of PCNA of mouse splenic cells was significantly enhanced by LPS or SEB ( P

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy,untoward reaction of bruceolic oil emulsion combined GP program in treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC).MethodsOne hundred and thirty-six patients with NSCLC were divided into observation group and control group with 68 cases each by random digits table,the two groups were received GP program,the observation group added bruceolic oil emulsion( 1 time a day).The effective rate and untoward reaction between two groups were compared.ResultsThe objective effective rates of observation group and control group were 32.4％(22/68)and 17.6％( 12/68 ),the subjective effective rates of observation group and control group were 52.9％(36/68 )and 32.4％ (22/68),there were significant differences between two groups(P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD56+ between two groups before treatment (P＞ 0.05 ).CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD56+ in observation group were better than those in control group after treatment(0.552 ± 0.072 vs.0.468 ± 0.080,0.368 ± 0.062 vs.0.288 ± 0.061,0.268 ± 0.052 vs.0.212 ± 0.044,0.226 ± 0.044 vs.0.168 ±0.042),there were significant differences between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in Ⅲ+ Ⅳ degree untoward reaction between two groups(P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionBetter therapeutic efficacy and less untoward reaction are expected by combined bruceolic oil emulsion with GP program in treatment of advanced NSCLC.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of the ethanol extract of vacciniuin bracteatum thumb leaf on acute liver injury induced by CC14 in mice. Methods Sixty mice were allocated into 6 groups randomly, respectively as the normal control group,the model group,the positive control group,the ethanol extract low,middle and high dose group. Each group had 10 mice. Acute hepatic injury model of mice was made by using CC14. The level of ALT, AST in blood serum and SOD,MDA in hepatic tissue were observed. The hepatic tissue was HE-stained conventionally and observed. Results Acute liver injury in mice could be successfully induced by CC14 ,as demonstrated by increased serum ALT, AST levels and severe histological observations. Pretreatment with the ethanol extract of vaccinium bracteatum thumb leaf indicated its potent protective effects on acute liver injury, as demonstrated by a significant decrease in ALT, AST and MDA. Conclusion The ethanol extract of vaccinium bracteatum thumb leaf had an obviously protective effect on acute liver injury induced by CC14, which could be due to its antioxidative stress effect.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of reduced ghtathione (GSH) pretreatment on inflammatory factors and oxygen free radical in patients during one-lung ventilation (OLV).MethodsThirty patients with lung cancer undergoing lung resection were divided into GSH group(15 cases) and control group ( 15 cases) by random digits table.In GSH group,GSH 30 mg/kg in normal saline 100 ml was infused after induction of anesthesia before OLV,while in control group equal volume of normal saline was infused instead of GSH.Blood samples were collected before induction of anesthesia (T0) and at 30 min(T1),60 min (T2) of OLV and 60 min of two-lung ventilation (T3) and at 2 h after operation(T4) for determination of serum tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-8 and malonaldehyde(MDA) concentrations and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity.ResultsThe serum MDA concentrations at T2-T4 were higher than those at T0 in two groups (P＜ 0.05) [GSH group:(3.5 ± 0.6),(3.8 ± 0.8),(4.7 ± 1.1 ),(6.1 ± 1.2),(6.4 ± 0.9) mol/L at T0-T4;control group:(3.7 ±0.5),(4.1 ±0.6),(5.9 ± 1.2),(7.4 ± 1.0),(7.8 ± 1.1) mol/L at T0-T4],but GSH group was lower than control group(P＜ 0.05 ).The serum SOD activity at T2-T4 was lower than that at T0 in control group (P＜ 0.05),and lower than GSH group(P＜ 0.05).The serum TNF-α,IL-8 concentrations at T1-T4 were higher those that at T0 in two groups(P ＜ 0.05 ),the serum TNF- α concentrations at T2-T4 and IL-8 concentrations at T1-T4 in GSH group were lower than those in control group (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Pretreatment with GSH 30 mg/kg can decrease inflammatory response and lipid peroxidation during OLV.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Neural Conduction ; physiology ; Paraplegia ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Sural Nerve ; physiopathology

With the development of translational research,many research institutes on translational research appeare around the world.These research institutes should focus on core problem,enhance the construction of information platform and training talent,evaluate translational projects and establish supporting system.Compared with foreign research institutes on translational medicine,the construction of Chinese research institute on translational research is in the initial stage,and many aspects need to improve.According to the current situation in China,we put forward that the research institutes on translational research in China should be settled in medical universities and promote the development of translational research by enhancing the training talents,developing the innovation of system,strengthening financing ability.