Objective To explore the variation of serum galectin-3 and its correlation with ventricular remodeling in children with chronic cardiac failure (CHF). Methods Forty-ifve children with CHF were included and divided into cardiac function II group (n=10 ), III group (n=18 ), and IV group (n=17 ) according to the severity of CHF. The subjects were also divided into endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE) group (n=21 ) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) group (n=24 ) according to primary disease. Thirty health children were included as control group. The level of serum galectin-3 was detected by ELISA. The level of serum NT-pro BNP was measured by radio immunoassay. The index of ventricular remodeling was detected by ultrasonic cardiogram. The correlation of the level of serum galectin-3 with ventricular remodeling and the level of serum NT-pro BNP were analyzed. Results In 45 children ( 19 males and 26 females) with CHF, the mean age was 3 . 42 ± 1 . 89 years. The levels of serum galectin-3 and NT-pro BNP were higher in cardiac function II group, III group, and IV group than those in control group (all P?0 . 05 ). Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the level of serum galectin-3 was positively correlated with the left ventricular end diastolic diameter, the left ventricular mass, the left ventricular mass fraction, and the level of serum NT-pro BNP (all P?

Child ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; Male

Objective To evaluate the effects of sevoflurane anesthesia on the sleep architecture of rats.Methods Sixteen pathogen-free healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 10-12 weeks,weighing 300-350 g,were divided into 2 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and sevoflurane group (group S).Each rat was implanted with a transmitter for recording electromyogram and electroencephalogram via telemetry.The rats were exposed to 2.4％ sevoflurane and pure oxygen 1.5 L/min for 5.5 h followed by 0.5 h washout with pure oxygen in group S,and the rats were exposed to pure oxygen 1.5 L/min for 6 h in group C.Then the rats were taken into the sleep monitoring box,and the 24 h after anesthesia was divided into 4 time periods according to the circadian rhythm:L1 (14:00-20:00),D1 (20:00-02:00),D2 (02:00-08:00) and L2 (08:00-14:00).The total time spent on wakefulness,on non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and on REM sleep,the number of wakefulness,NREM sleep and REM sleep,and the time spent on wakefulness,on NREM sleep and on REM sleep during each time period were recorded using Version 3.0 Neurosore software.Results Compared with group C,the total time spent on wakefulness was significantly shortened,the total time spent on REM sleep was prolonged,the number of NREM sleep was increased,the time spent on REM sleep in L1 and D1 time periods was prolonged,the time spent on wakefulness in D2 time period was shortened,the time spent on NREM sleep was prolonged (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the total time spent on NREM sleep or the number of REM sleep and wakefulness in group S (P＞0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane anesthesia can change the stability of sleep architecture,increase REM sleep and reduce wakefulness in rats.

Objective To reveal the incidence and types of acid-base disorder (ABD) of critically ill patients in emergency.Methods The clinical data of critically ill patients in the resuscitation room were collected prospectively from December 1,2008 to March 31,2009.Both arterial and venous blood samples were collected to detect arterial blood gas analysis and serum electrolytes simultaneously and their ABD were analyzed.Results Of totally 766 cases,the incidence of ABD was 97.3％ (745 cases).Among ABD the simple acid-base disorder ( SA BD) was 149 cases ( 20.0％ ),dual acid-base disorder (DABD) 525 (70.5％ ) and triple acid-base disorder (TABD) 71 (9.5％ ).After calculating anion gap (AG),the incidence of TABD increased from 12 to 71 cases and the missed diagnosis rate were 83.1％ (59 cases) and after calculating potential HCO3-,the incidence of TABD increased from 8 to 71 cases and the missed diagnosis rate were 88.7％ (63 cases).The age of patients with TABD (77.9 ± 10.7 years old) was older ( P ＜ 0.01 ) than that of other two groups of SABD and DABD as well as APACHEⅡ score (25.9 ± 7.1 ) and incidence (22.5％ ) of MODS in TABD were higher (P ＜0.01 ).The mortality of patients with TABD on the first,second,third and seven day were 14.1％,23.9％,26.8％ and 38.0％ respectively and significantly higher than those in SABD and DABD (P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01 ).Conclusions The incidence of ABD was 97.3％.Calculation of AG and potential HCO3- would help find metabolic acidosis and TABD.The age and APACHEⅡ score were key factors to poor prognosis of patients with TABD.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between dietary -related behaviors of college students and their health , so as to provide the evidence for the health education for college students .Methods:A question-naire survey was conducted among 2105 college students from Xi′an Jiaotong University with stratified cluster ran-dom sampling .Results:In this survey , college students generally had unhealthy dietary behaviors , cognitive bia-ses of self-images and blind unhealthy weight -losing phenomenon as well .And there was a difference of dieting behaviors between college students of different sex and those of different body mass index .Conclusions:Unhealth-y dietary behaviors of college students were one of the main reasons leading to their abnormal BMI .Hence , it was necessary to improve health ethics education and dietary health guidance for college students , so as to introduce them to consciously assume their own health responsibilities and manage their health .

Internct has provided abundant resources for teaching,but it also brings two challenges,information overload and knowledge fragmentation.Under the environment of Internct,only by efficient course designs,can teachers deal with these two new challenges,and attract students' attentions and motivate their learning interests.Among teaching designs,the design of teaching ‘opening speech’ is quite important.During the course construction of Epidemiology in China Medical University,design strategies on opening speech were explored;the principles of opening speech design were determined.And the opening speeches were designed and cumulated for the teaching modules of Epidemiology.Furthermore,the skills of opening speech design were summarized.

Background Corneal reinnervation of subbasal nerve plexus have been found after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE).However,there were few reports about corneal reinnervation mode and dynamic changes at the corneal cap in different time points postoperation.Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the corneal reinnervation at the cap margin after SMILE.Methods The clinical data of 32 myopic eyes of 16 patients who received SMILE incision lenticule extraction surgery in Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong Medical College from April 2014 to April 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.The following-up was carried in 1 week,1 month,3 months and 6 months after surgery,and in-vivo confocal microscopy was used to acquire images of the central corneal subbasal nerve plexus before and after surgery,with the scan range of 0.4 mm×0.4 mm,from which nerve density and nerve tortuosity were evaluated using Image-Pro Plus imaging analysis software.The overall length of nerve fibers at the central cornea was measured to assess the subbasal nerve density,and the repair of nerve fibers at cap was observed.Results The corneal subbasal nerve density was (19 687.45 ± 1 147.59),(10 500.46 ± 1 056.22),(12 833.40-± 1 047.98),(13 564.04-± 1 173.01) and (14 661.35-±941.92) μm/mm2 in preoperation and postoperative 1 week,1 month,3 months,6 months,respectively,with a significant difference among different time points (F =319.44,P=0.000),and the corneal subbasal nerve densitis in postoperative time points were significantly reduced in comparison with the preoperation,and corneal subbasal nerve densities were gradually increased after surgery as the extending of time,showing significant differences between different time points (all at P＜ 0.01).Abundant corneal subbasal nerve fibers were seen with the near normal morphology after surgery.However,the fragments and disaggregation of nerve fibers were found at the incision of cap margins,and some nerve fibers extended toward the inner cap at the non-incision of cap margins 1 week after surgery.In 3-6 months after SMILE,the continuous extension of nerve fibers was exhibited under the confocal microscope.Conclusions Six months after surgery,less invasive SMILE technique can remain the superficial corneal nerve fibers.Corneal innervation shows a radiate mode from peripheral cornea outside toward inside of the cap.The subbasal never fiber density is gradually increased with the extending of time after SMILE.

Objective To investigate the effects of total flavonoids of Herba Epimedii(HEF)on the metabolism of typeⅠcollagen and the expression of cathepsin K in the bone of ovariectomized(OVX)rats. Methods Fifty-four female SD rats were allocated into 6 groups;OVX group,sham operation group,OVX rats followed by three doses of HEF(40,80 and 160 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1))and nilestriol(0.1 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1))for 12 weeks respectively.Bone mineral density(BMD)of whole body was determined by dual-energy X-ray absoptiometry.The level of cross-linked N-telopeptide of typeⅠcollagen(NTx)in the urine were determined by ELISA.The amounts of typeⅠcollagen protein and cathepsin K protein in bone tissue were detected by immunohistochemical method and Western blotting.Results Compared with OVX group,the total BMD values in the HEF treated groups were increased(all P＜0.05),and the expression levels of typeⅠcollagen in three HEF treated groups rose significantly in a dose-dependent manner after 12 week,and simultaneously,both the expression of cathepsin K in bone and the level of NTx/Cr were reduced markedly(P＜0.05),being most significant(P＜0.01)in the group treated with the highest dose of HEF(160 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)).Conclusion HEF seems to be able to elevate BMD and improve bone quality of rats via promoting synthesis and inhibiting proteolysis and absorption of typeⅠcollagen in the bone.

Objective To explore the expression and significance of Annexin Ⅱ protein in ovarian adenocar-einoma.Methods The expressions of Annexin Ⅱ protein were detected in 48 cases of ovarian adenocarcinoma and 10 cases of ovarian adenoma by SP immunohistochemistry.Results The positive rates of expression of Annexin Ⅱprotein in ovarian adenoma were 50.00% (5/10), and were 81.25% (39/48) in ovarian adenocareinoma (χ2 =4.414, P <0.05), in well and moderately-differentiated, poorly differentiated ovarian serous adenocarcinoma were 93.33% (14/15) and 78.95% (15/19) respectively (χ2 = 1.383 ,P0.05 ), and on the Ⅰ and Ⅱ stage, Ⅲ and Ⅳ stage of ovarian serous adenocarcinoma were 60.00% (6/10) and 95.83% ( 23/24 ) respectively (χ2=7.226, P <0.05).The positive rate in the group of ovarian serous adenocarcinoma with lymph node metastasis was 90.00% (27/30), while 50.00% (2/4) in the group without lymph node metastasis (χ2=4.502, P<0.05).Conclusion The positive expression of Annexin Ⅱ protein may be correlated with the carcinogenesis, development and lymph node metastasis of ovarian serous adenocarcinoma.

Objective To evaluate the use of spiral enteroscopy in diagnosis and treatment of smallbowel diseases.Methods The data of 8 patients who underwent spiral enteroscopy from July to September 2009 were retrospectively studied.The variables including maximal insertion depth,total procedure time,complications,and outcome were evaluated.Results The average maximal depth of intubation was 2.2 m beyond the Ligament of Triez (0-3.6 m beyond Ligament of Triez),with a mean procedure time at 41 min (25 to 77 min).Small bowel Crohn's disease was diagnosed in 2 cases with biopsy suggesting active inflammation and granular formation.Small intestinal tumor was detected in 1 patient with pathological finding of high grade dysplasia.Jejunal ulcer was detected in 1 patient.Multiple polyps were found in 1 patient after jejunal anastomosis,which were then treated with endoscopic argon plasma coagulation (APC).No abnormalities were found in 3 other patients.No complications occurred during and after the procedure.The maneuver of spiral enteroscopy and APC were same as that of balloon enteroscopy.Conclusion Spiral enteroscopy is simple and convenient to operate,which is of great potential in clinical use.