Adult ; Aspergillosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; microbiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Vocal Cords ; pathology

Adult ; Chondrosarcoma ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; Sphenoid Sinus

Induced pluripotent stem cell is a landmark in the stem cell study field, which has rapidly developed in the past 10 years.By obtaining induced pluripotent stem cells from somatic cell, and then differentiating into cardiomyocyte, various cardiomyocyte disease models could be established,which can be used for research of disease mechanisms, drug screening and gene therapy.This review introduces the successfully established cardiomyocyte disease models from human induced pluripotent stem cells, and points out the problems and prospects.

BACKGROUND: It is believed that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may produce such neurophysiological effects as regulating regional cerebral blood flow, neurotransmitters, local metabolism, and neuronal remodeling after nerve tissue injuries. The prognosis ofischemic stroke is related with the cortical function reconstruction in the ipsilateral and contralateral hemisphere of the lesion. Currently studies have not defined whether rTMS can affect the cortical function, protect ischemic neurons and promote motor functional recovery after cerebral ischemia.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of rTMS on rat motor cortical excitability and neural function in acute stage of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.DESIGN: Completely randomized experiment.SETTING: Electroneurophysiological Laboratory of Peking Union Medical College Hospital.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed in the Zoological Research Center of Peking Union Hospital from January to June 2004. Totally 22adult male healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into treatment group and the control group with 11 in each.METHODS: After determination of the average motor threshold of the right hind limbs, which was 22% of the maximum output, the rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion for 1 hour followed by reperfusion for 72 hours. At each time point of immediately and at 12, 36 and 60 hours after the initiation of reperfusion, the rats in the treatment group received rTMS treatment (20 Hz, 40% maximum output, 5 seconds for each session with an between-session interval of 2 minutes for a total of 10 sessions), and the site for motor threshold evaluation was used for rTMS stimulation; the rats in the control group recevied no treatment after model establishment. Motor threshold testing was performed in both groups 4 hours after the last session of treatment to avoid immediate-early effects of rTMS on the motor threshold. At 24 and 72 hours of reperfusion, the scores of neural function were recorded according to evaluation systems. All the rats with scores between 1 and 3 were enrolled in statistical analysis were evaluated between.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Motor threshold of the rats in both groups before and after injury; ② Neural function scores at 24 and 72 hour reperfusion; ③ Infarct volume at 72 hour of reperfusion.RESULTS: Totally 13 rats entered the final result analysis. Before injury,motor threshold in the treatment and control group was similar (P=0.71),and after the injury, the motor threshold of the control group was 1.49times that of the treatment group but such difference was not statistically significant [(41.62±24.73)% vs (28.00±9.35)%, t=-1.17, P=0.27]. At 24hours of reperfusion, the functional scores of the treatment group and control group were not significantly different (P=0.46), but at 72 hours, the scores of the treatment group were significantly lower than that of the control group (1.60±1.52 vs 7.75±3.62, t=-3.57, P=0.004). The average infarct volume of two groups was (62.00±60.88) mm3 and (20.00±12.41) mm3 at 72 hours of reperfusion, respectively, which, after logarithm transformation,was not significantly different between the two group (t=-1.31, P=0.22),but when the infarct volume was transformed into Log10 values, a significant difference occurred between them (P=0.045).CONCLUSION: rTMS may stabilize and prevent the increment of the motor threshold, time-dependently relieve the neural function disability and reduce the infarct volume after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; surgery ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To evaluate the value of volumetric brain MRI in multiple system atrophy.Methods Eleven patients diagnosed as multiple system atrophy were recruited,includin 5 parkinsonism dominant(MSA-P)and 6 cerebellar dominant(MSA-C).9 patients with parkinsonism of other types and 6 healthy persons were set as case control and healthy control,respectively.T1 weighted (T1W)sagittal and axial images and T2-weighted(T2W)axial images were obtained from all patients and controls at 3.0T scanner.Diameters of the brain structures were measured infratentorially(brainstem, middle cerebellar peduncles(MCP),dentate and red neelus)and supratentorially(globns pallidus and putamen).Results The transverse diameter of the pons was significantly smaller in MSA patients than in the case and healthy controls((27.6?2.0)mm and(30.5?0.6)mm and(29.9?1.1)mm).The significance could be seen when comparing MSA-C and MSA-P with healthy control.The anteroposterior diameter of the fourth ventricle was significantly dilated in MSA patients than in healthy control((11.9? 2.8)mm and(9.0?2.1)mm).The MRI of MSA-C showed narrower MCP((13.3?1.9)mm and (15.8?1.2)mm and larger fourth ventricle((17.3?2.1)mm and(12.6?2.7)mm)than that of MSA-P.The MRI of MSA-P showed smaller globus pallidus and red neclei.Conclusions The volumetric MRI is a useful means in evaluating the brain structure atrophy in multiple system atrophy.The transverse diameter of the pans,though objectively reflecting the atrophy of the pons,can' t be used to differentiate MSA-P from MSA-C.The atrophy of MCP and the dilated fourth ventricle are common in MSA-C,while the atrophy of red neclei is common in MSA-P.

This study was aimed to explore the effect of heat-nature Chinese herbs of Pepper and Piper longum on hepatic energy metabolism of rats in order to research the impact of ratˊs physical activities with heat-nature Chinese herbs and establish the research foundation of Chinese herbal medicine nature . A total of 30 rats were randomly divided into three groups . Saline was given in the control group . Pepper water extract was given in the Pepper group . And Piper longum water extract was given in the Piper longum group . The administration dosage was 10 ml/kg intragastrically for 30 days . Changes of hepatic energy metabolism related enzymes were determined . The results showed that compared with the control group , Ca2+-ATPase , Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase , and LDH enzyme of the Pepper group and Piper longum group were significantly increased . And the hepatic glycogen content was significantly reduced . It can obviously increase energy intake , digestible energy and metabolizable energy per body weight in rats . There was no statistical significance between the Pepper group and Piper longum group . It was concluded that the heat-nature Chinese herbs of Pepper and Piper longum can promote the decomposition of hepatic glycogen , increase the activity of LDH enzyme , Ca2+-ATPase , Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase . It increases the consumption of ATPase in order to increase energy intake , digestible ener-gy and metabolizable energy per body weight in rats and promote the hepatic energy metabolism .

Objective To construct a self-assessment system of patient safety by nurses.Methods Using self-designed questionnaires of self-assessment system of patient safety by nurses,29 nursing safety management experts were selected.Delphi method was adopted to carry out two rounds of interview.The self-assessment system of patient safety by nurses was built.The importance of the indicators went on weight analysis with specialist sorting.Results The system included 3 first-level indicators,9 secondlevel indicators,48 third-level indicators.The coefficient of variation of the indicators was ＜ 0.20,and the coordination coefficient was 0.25.Conclusions The initial construction of system of self-assessment patient safety by nurses has the advantages of focused expert advice,with scientific results,and is reliable.It can be used for nurses' self-assessment of the security situation in patients.

The transcription factor of ethylene responsive factor binding protein (ERF) is belonged to AP2/ERF superfamily, which is known to be unique in plants. AP2/ERF proteins have important functions in the transcriptional regulation of a variety of biological processes related to growth and development, as well as various responses to environmental stimuli. An ERF gene from Salvia miltiorrhiza is cloned and divided into ERF gene family group VII of Arabidopsis and Rice. It contains a MCGGAI (I/L) motif referred to as CMVII-1 and a single intron in the 5'-flanking region of the AP2/ERF domain. Sequence analysis reveals that the region of second extron has abundant polymorphism sites. There are 21 single nucleotide polymorphism sites (SNPs) in the 264 bp region, among them, 14 SNPs are synonymous substitutions and 7 SNPs are non-synonymous substitutions. Though analysis of 181 samples from Shandong, Shaanxi and Sichuan Provinces, it reveals that each production area has its own special genotypes, 5 SNPs show significant difference. Cluster based on UPGMA method reveals that different populations from specific province have clustered together. It shows that SmERF gene will be a candidate molecular marker for the identification of Salvia miltiorrhiza from different areas.

Objective To establish radioiodine therapy in nonthyroid tumor and to investigate 131Ⅰ treatment effect on xenografted ovarian cancer. Methods Based on previous test, xenografted ovarian cancer nude model were established in nude mice. The effects of radioactive isotope 99m TcO-4 imaging and radioiodine 131Ⅰ treatment on xenografted ovarian cancer in vivo were investigated. Results After transferring human sodium/iodide symporter (hNIS) gene, the xenografted ovarian cancer in nude mice was imaged by isotope 99m TcO-4 Moreover,131Ⅰ exerted inhibitory effect on the proliferative activity. Conclusion After the transfection of hNIS gene, 131Ⅰ has inhibitory effect on proliferative activity of xenografted ovarian cancer.