Chronic hyperglycemia is often accompanied by abnormal lipid metabolism, hypertension, low-grade systemic inflammation and oxidative stress.These factors increase the risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD)in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients.Comprehensive treatment of T2DM should emphasize the improvement of abnormal lipid metabolism, prevention of weight gain and reduction of the CVD risk in addition to proper glycemic control.Incretin, as a new hypoglycemic drug, has more advantages in improving glucose and lipid metabolism, finally to reduce cardiovascular risk.Through possible mechanisms including direct influence on liver lipid metabolism, change of fat mobilization and delay of gastric emptying, incretin shows positive influence on the lipid metabolic markers such as low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol, while it improves glucose control.Thus, incretin plays an important role in the comprehensive management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Animals ; Biological Specimen Banks ; utilization ; Humans ; Specimen Handling ; methods ; Tissue Fixation ; methods

Aim: A new derivative LC-MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of zofenopril and its active metabolite zofenoprilat to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of zofenopril and zofenopri-lat in healthy Chinese volunteers after single and multiple oral doses of zofenopril calcium tablets. Methods: Ten Chinese healthy volunteers were given three single oral doses of 15,30, and 60 mg, respectively, and consecutively the multiple doses of 30 mg. The concentration and pharmacokinetic parameters of both the parent drug and the active metabolite were simultaneously determined by derivative LC-MS method using p-bromophenacyl bromide (p-BPB) as the derivative reagent. Results: After the single oral administrations of 15, 30, and 60 mg of zofeno-pril calcium, there was no significant difference in the t_(1/2) of both zofenopril and zofenoprilat among the three do-ses. The values of AUC_(0-24h) and c_(max) for both zofenopril and zofenoprilat showed the good linearities to the dosage over the dose range from 15 mg to 60 mg. There were no significant differences in AUC_(0-24h) and c_(max) for both com-pounds between female and male volunteers. After multiple oral administration( 30 mg once daily for 6 days ), the average steady state plasma concentration( c_(av)) for zofenopril was (5. 07 ±1. 06) ng/mL with the degree of fluctu-ation (DF) of 14. 26 ± 2. 94. The c_(av) for zofenoprilat was (6. 28 ± 1. 87) ng/mL with the DF of 11. 61 ±4. 68. The accumulation index values for zofenopril and zofenoprilat were 0. 94 ± 0. 31 and 0. 83±0. 13, respec-tively. Conclusion: Both zofenopril and zofenoprilat were demonstrated of linear kinetics after single administra-tion and showed no accumulation after multiple administration of the test zofenopril calcium tablets. There was significant difference in the pharmacokinetic characteristics for zofenopril calcium between healthy Chinese and European volunteers.

DY-1 suspending rescue seat on helicopter is a helicopter-equipped apparatus which is used to rescue flight personnel forced to parachute or landing,or other individual disasters. The thesis briefly introduces the seal s working principle,performances and some experimenting results. It errphasizes on recounting the structure and the condition at operation of the active arm's locking mechanism of the rescue seat's peron fixed ring.

The standard research platform construction is one of the business construction tasks in the national Chinese medicine clinical research base. The base of HuBei province focused on tasks of base construction, clinical scientific research of key disease study to present the idea and method of standard research platform construction in order to complete the construction task .

Two fragments G1 and G2 of the glycoprotein G gene of bovine respiratory syncytial virus(BRSV) were selected for expression in Escherichia coli based on the analysis of glycoprotein G by DNA Star software.Then the two fragments of glycoprotein G were amplified by PCR with synthesized G gene of BRSV as the template.The amplified fragments G1 and G2 are 570bp and 308bp in length,respectively.The PCR products were cloned into pET30a vector and expressed in soluble form in E.coli after induction of cultured E.coli with IPTG.Both of the recombinant proteins G1 and G2 were purified by immobilized Ni ion affinity chromatography under native conditions.Then the purified proteins were analysed by Western blotting.The results showed that the purified recombinant protein G1 retained good antigenicity and specificity.But the purified recombinant protein G2 didn't possess biological activity.Antibodies against BRSV were detected in suspected bovine serum samples in China by using indirect ELISA and Western blotting with the purified recombinant protein G1.The purified recombinant protein G1 might be used as antigen for establishing serological methods for diagnosis of BRSV infection.And the purified recombinant protein G1 might also be used for preparing polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies for research on biological functions of glycoprotein G of BRSV.

Objective: To know the pre-treatment drug resistance ( PDR ) status of newly reported human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV-1 ) infected individuals in Wenzhou, so as to provide guidance for antiretroviral therapy ( ART ). Methods: Totally 232 plasma samples of newly reported HIV-1 infected individuals who had not received ART were collected in Wenzhou in 2019. Virus ( HIV-1 ) RNA was extracted, followed by reverse transcription PCR and nested PCR to amplify the pol region and sequence. Resistance mutations and resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors ( NNRTIs ), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors ( NRTIs ) and protease inhibitors ( PIs ) was analyzed. Results: The pol region sequences from 199 infected patients were obtained and the incidence of PDR was 8.04% ( 16/199 ). Eight genotypes were detected, including circulating recombinant forms ( CRFs ) CRF07_BC ( 47.24%, 94/199 ) and CRF01_AE ( 29.15%, 58/199 ) which were the dominant types. Two unique recombinant forms ( URFs ) were detected, namely URF( CRF01_AE/BC ) and URF( B/C ) . Thirty-one cases ( 15.58% 31/199 ) had drug-resistant mutations. For NNRTIs, NRTIs and PIs, 20 cases ( 64.52% ) , 2 cases ( 6.45% ) and 9 cases ( 29.03% ) with drug resistance mutations were detected, respectively. The resistance mutations to NNRTIs included K101E, K103N/R, V106I, E138K, V179D/E/T, Y181C, G190A and H221Y. Four cases each had two resistance mutations to NNRTIs. The resistance mutations to NRTIs were V75M and M184V. The resistance mutations to PIs were M46I, L33F and Q58E. For the newly released NNRTI drug Doravirine ( DOR ), two cases were found to have mutations of resistance. Conclusions The incidence of PDR among newly reported HIV-1 patients in Wenzhou is 8.04%, mainly caused by NNRTIs drug-resistant mutation. Resistance to the new drug DOR has emerged. The surveillance of drug resistance should continue to be strengthened.

Adult ; Chondrosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Collagen Type II ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Femoral Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Giant Cells ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoclasts ; pathology ; Osteosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Vimentin ; metabolism

AIM　To study the protective effects of trigonella foenum graecum(TFGs) on acute cerebral ischemia. METHODS　Acute incomplete ischemia was induced by ligaturing bilateral carotid arterise and cutting heads in mice, the survival time and asthmatic time were observed; the coagulation timewas measured by sheet glass method,and the blood viscosity was also assayed; the platelet aggregation induced by collagen were studied by turbdimetry in vitro. RESULTS　TFGs prolonged survival time, coagulation time and asthmatic time significantly and inhibited platelet aggregation ratio in rabbit,and decreased the blood viscosity. CONCLUSION　TFGs has the protective effects on acute cerebral ischemia.

S AIM To study the protective effects of trigonella foenum graecum(TFGs) on acute cerebral ischemia. METHODS Acute incomplete ischemia was induced by ligaturing bilateral carotid arterise and cutting heads in mice, the survival time and asthmatic time were observed; the coagulation time was measured by sheet glass method,and the blood viscosity was also assayed; the platelet aggregation induced by collagen were studied by turbdimetry in vitro . RESULTS TFGs prolonged survival time, coagulation time and asthmatic time significantly and inhibited platelet aggregation ratio in rabbit,and decreased the blood viscosity. CONCLUSION TFGs has the protective effects on acute cerebral ischemia.