Objective To observe the cell apoptosis, oxidative stress reaction and expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax in kid?ney of dietary zinc deficiency mice during growth period, and discuss the mechanism of renal cell apoptosis induced by zinc deficiency. Methods Thirty weaning male mice were randomly divided into zinc-deficient group and zinc-adequate group, and 15 mice for each group. Zinc-deficient group was fed with zinc deficiency diet (0.85 mg/kg), while zinc-adequate group was fed with enough zinc diet (30 mg/kg). The TUNEL method was applied to observe the cell apoptosis, and the apoptotic in?dex was measured. The content of SOD and MDA were detected to observe the oxidative stress reaction in kidney. The ex?pression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax protein were detected by Western blot assay. Results Compared with zinc-adequate group, the cell apoptosis and oxidative stress reaction were increased in zinc-deficient group. The expression of Bcl-2 de?creased, and the expression of Bax increased. The ratio of Bcl-2 and Bax declined in kidney of zinc deficiency mice. Conclu?sion Diet zinc deficiency in growth period may result in the decreased antioxidase, the increased oxidative stress reaction, and the changed Bcl-2 and Bax expression, which promote the occurrence of cell apoptosis in kidney.

Anxiety and depression are common conditions among patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)which may induce or aggravate intestinal symptoms. Psychological factors are considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of IBS via both central and peripheral pathways,and functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)revealed that several brain areas,such as anterior cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex,are associated with IBS,anxiety and depression. This article reviewed the use of fMRI for studying the correlation of IBS brain activity with anxiety and depression and its role in the central pathogenesis of IBS.

Abstract: Beginning with 4-level quality control measures of clinical research in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), we elaborated the implementation process and demands of quality control measures of each level, including quality control, monitoring, auditing, and inspection. On the basis of joint inspection experience of 41 projects of the "Prevention and Treatment of Difficult and Complicated Diseases of TCM" plan of the "11th Five-year National Key Technology R&D Program", we analyzed the ensuring effect of 4-level quality control system and joint inspection model, and then pointed out the existing problems in the executing process of quality control system at different levels and joint inspection model. Finally we investigated what should be revised in the quality control system and joint inspection model, thus providing the theoretical support for quality inspection improvement of TCM clinical research.

Objective To research and evaluate measuring Toric intraocular lens (Toric IOL) alignment by iTrace aberration without mydriasis.Methods Forty-five eyes of 35 patients underwent phacoemulsification in Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital from June 2015 to February 2016 were enrolled.Follow-up and iTrace aberration examination were performed at postoperative 1 week.The internal optics aberration astigmatism axis was transformed into postoperative Toric IOL alignment.The result and the Toric IOL alignment measured by tradition slitlamp method were compared by linear correlation and difference.Results At postoperative 1 week,the uncorrected distant visual acuity and corrected distant visual acuity were (0.19 ± 0.12)LogMAR and (0.10 ±0.09) LogMAR.The UCVA was 20/40 or better in 42 eyes (93.3％).The mean IOL misalignment measured by slitlamp was (3.13 ± 2.86) degrees (ranged 0-9 degrees) and by the iTrace aberration was (4.44 ± 3.42) degrees(ranged 0-13 degrees),there was statistical significant difference (t =-2.321,P =0.025).The mean difference in the error of the Toric intraocular lens alignment measured by iTrace aberration and the slitlamp was (3.67 ± 3.59) degrees (ranged 0-14 degrees).The results showed that there was less than 5 degrees of difference between the two methods in 32 eyes (71.1％),locate 5 to 10 degrees in 9 eyes (20％),more than 10 degrees in 4 eyes (8.9％).The correlation between the 2 methods showed significant linear relationship (r =0.926,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Using iTrace aberration can accurately measure Toric intraocular lens alignment without mydriasis,the result has some reference value.

TCM clinical research should attach importance on ethical issues,as it takes the human for the research subjects and the clinical research activities definitely involve the benefits and risks to the subjects.Ethics optimization on the basis of safety and scientificity is necessary.This study explores the optimization of some key links of ethics of TCM clinical research,i.e.optimization of ethics committee membership,optimization of ethical review of study protocol,optimization of informed consent process,and optimization of protection and compensation of the subject,thus providing the theoretical support for ethics improvement of TCM clinical research.

Objective To explore the relationship of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)and oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR).Methods Thirty-six newborn SD rats were divided into 2 expanded litters,18 of which were exposed to 50 mL/L oxygen and then 10 mL/L oxygen in alternating 24-hour periods(experiment group),an additional 18 rats as control rats were raised simultaneously in room air(control group).On postnatal 14 days(P14),oxygen-exposed rats were removed to room air.The eyeballs of 6 rats from each group were enucleated and fixed by formaldehyde at postnatal 14 days(P14),postnatal 17 days(P17),and postnatal 21 days(P21)respectively,and then cross sectioned.The nuclei of proliferative retinal vessels were counted through the crosssections to measure the average retinal capillary density index(RCDI)when stained with hematoxylin and eosin(HE)under light;the expression of MCP-1 was measured by immunohistochemistry.Results There existed obviously differencc between 2 groups in the field of both RCDI and the expression of MCP-1 at the same time point [t(P14)=6.69 P=0.001,t(P17)=3.43 P=0.006,t(P21)=2.37 P=0.039;t(P14)=40.45,t(P17)=43.44,t(P21)=17.45 Pa=0],when RCDI and the expression of MCP-1 were compared among the different time points with in the same group,there existed obviously difference among three time points in the experiment group(F=17.74 P=0.0001;F=421.5 P=0),but no differencc in control group(F=0.016 P=0.984;F=0.006 P=0.994).There existed positive correlation between the expression of MCP-1 and the value of RCDI in experiment group(r=0.822 P=0).Conclusions Neovascularization resulting from OIR occurs before room air recove-ry.MCP-1 is upregulated and subsequently downregulated in OIR.Neovascularization in the OIR model appear to be associated with increased retinal MCP-1.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of aerosol inhalation ofXiyanpingversus ribavirin for the treatment of respiratory tract infections in children.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane database of Systematic Reviews, CNKI, cqvip and wanfangdata were searched. The randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of aerosol inhalation ofXiyanpingversus ribavirin injections for the treatment of respiratory tract infections in children were incuded. The quality of trials was evaluated and data analyses were performed with the Cochrane Collaboration’s software RevMan 5.0.Results A total of 7 trials were included, involving 857 patients(437 treated withXiyanping, 420 treated with ribavirin). Both of the clinical cure rate(50.11%vs. 40.71%) and clinical effective rate(91.08%vs. 75.95%) in theXiyanping group were significantly higher than those in the ribavirin group, withOR(95%CI) 1.49(1.13 to 1.97) and 3.54(1.87 to 6.71), respectively.Conclusions Aerosol inhalation ofXiyanping superior to aerosol inhalation of ribavirin for the treatment of respiratory tract infections in children. Owing to the poor quality and the small sample size of included trials, more larger good quality CRTs are required to confirm this conclusion.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in spinal anesthesia patients.Methods A total of 841 patients received spinal anesthesia were visited after operation.Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression to identify risk factors related to PONV.Results PONV occurred in 94 patients (11.2％,94/841).Univariate analysis showed that PONV was unrelated with gender,age,ASA classification,anesthesia mode (P ＞ 0.05),related with operation department (P =0.026),body mass index (P =0.020),education level (P =0.000),history of previous surgery anesthesia (P =0.005),history of PONV (P =0.000),history of kinesia (P =0.002),smoke (P =0.019),intraoperative using of tramadol (P =0.018).Multivariate analysis showed that operation department (OR =4.039,95％ CI 1.331-12.259,P=0.048),education level (OR =3.504,95％ CI 1486-8.260,P=0.015),history of PONV (OR =5.113,95％ CI 1.790-14.606,P =0.002),intraoperative using of tramadol (OR =5.316,95％ CI 1.091-25.908,P =0.039) were identified as independent risk factors for PONV.Conclusions The independent factors associated with PONV following spinal anesthesia include operation department,education level,history of PONV,intraoperative using of tramadol.Identifying patients who are at high risk for PONV will enable the formation of more timely management project.

OBJECTIVE: To study the curative effect of Sodium Ferulate( SF) on rheumatoid arthritis( RA) and its effects on the levels of serum vascular endothelial growth factor( VEGF) and tumor necrosis factor- ? ( TNF- ? ) . METHODS: A total of 43 patients with RA were randomly divided into trial group and the control group: conventional treatment was adopted in both groups, but the trial group was treated additionally with SF injection for 4 consecutive weeks. Serum levels of VEGF and TNF- ? before and after treatment were determined by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA) . RESULTS: The total effective rate in the trial group the control group were 91. 30% vs. 75. 00% ( P

Objective To analyze the reproducibility of keratometry and astigmatism measured by the VERION Digital Guidance System and the comparability of VERION with iTrace,Lenstar LS900 and manual keratometer.Methods The keratometry of 62 cataract patients were measured using four different devices.The steep keratometry (Ks),flat keratometry (Kf),astigmatic magnitude,astigmatic axis,cylinder at 0-degree meridian (vector component,J0) and cylinder at 45-degree meridian (vector component,J45) from each machine were recorded and analyzed.The three repeated measurements and the results of VERION system with other three devices were compared to analyze the reproducibility and comparability of VERION system.Results Reproducibility:Intraclass correlation coefficients and Cronbach's alpha values were higher than 0.9 for Ks,Kf,astigmatic magnitude,astigmatic axis,J0 and J45 measured by the VERION system (all P ＜ 0.001).Comparability:The results of Ks and magnitude of astigmatism of VERION were larger than the iTrace (all P ＜ 0.05) in the paired-samples t test.There was no statistical difference for the rest of parameters (all P ＞ 0.05).The Bland-Altman graphs revealed the 95％ limits of agreement (LOA) of J0,J45 and the astigmatic axis between VERION and iTrace were (-0.31-0.35) D,(-0.25-0.31) D and-13.5 °-12.3 °,respectively;There was no statistical differences for all parameters except for J45 in the paired-samples t test between the VERION and Lenstar LS900 (all P ＞ 0.05).The Bland-Altman graphs revealed the 95％ LOA of J0,J45 and the astigmatic axis were (-0.25-0.31)D,(-0.27-0.36) D and-13.5°-11.0°,respectively;There were statistical differences for the results of Kf and magnitude of astigmatism between the VERION and manual keratometer (all P ＜ 0.05).The Bland-Altman graphs revealed the 95％ LOA of J0,J45 and the astigmatic axis between VERION and manual keratometer were (-0.38-0.35) D,(-0.41-0.42) D,-12.6°-16.4°,respectively.Conclusion The VERION system is a reliable system for the measurement of keratometry and astigmatism.The keratometry and astigmatic magnitude of the VERION system have a good agreement with the iTrace,Lenstar LS900 and manual keratometer.However,the astigmatic axis measurements are significantly different among the four devices.