Objective To explore the pit patterns of mucosal atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia of gastric mucosa and early gastric cancer by magnifying chromoendoscopy. Methods The pit patterns of gastric mucosa of 594 patients with gastrosia were observed with electronic magnifying endoscopy (Olympus GIF Q-240Z) assisted with methylene blue staining. Biopsies were taken from suspicious sites as observed after magnification for histopathologic examination. Results The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of magnifying chromoendoscopy for mucosal atrophy were 74.6%, 90.4% and 84.1%, respectively. In the central part of mild atrophic areas gastric pits were found to be decreased in quantity or even disappeared, while in severe atrophic area, scar-like changes were seen due to the disappearance of pits, with elongation and tortuosity of surrounding. Mucosa with intestinal metaplasia was lightly stained by methylene blue, and pit patterns appeared as villi, scars or coarse lines. Mucosa of dysplasia or early gastric cancer was heavily stained by methylene blue, and gastric pits were amorphous and irregular in size. Conclusion Gastric mucosal atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and early gastric cancer have their peculiar pit patterns, and magnifying chomoendoscopy may be useful in the diagnosis of these lesions.

Objective:To study the fear extent toward root canal therapy (RCT).Methods: A survey with questionnaires was conducted in 103 adult patients who had received RCT.Results:44.7% of the subjects reported a decrease in fearfulness to endodontic procedures as the result of having experienced RCT.Local anesthetic injection,file introducing into or working in root canals and tapping on a sore tooth were ranked as 6th,5th,7th for the fear.Only 50.4% of the patients would choose RCT again for teeth preserving treatment.Conclusion:The fear extent toward RCT depends on the steps of the procedure.Local anesthetic injection,file introducing into or working in root canals and tapping on a sore tooth may be the most factors for anxiety in patients.

BACKGROUND:Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)has similar water content as human tissues,good biocompatibility and high mechanical strength,thereby being utilized as tissue-engineered matrix material.However,the modification in cellular affinity benefits the function as tissue regeneration scaffold materials.OBJECTIVE:To prepare chitosan(CS)/PVA composite scaffold and explore the feasibility of serving as a scaffold for tissue engineering.METHODS:Scaffolds of CS/PVA was fabricated by blending PVA-124 with various amounts of CS using film forming,particle forming,and free-drying methods.Water content,light transmittance,and swelling ratio were tested.Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the configuration of the cross section.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 7 different proportional scaffolds were obtained with different PVA and CS dosage.The composite film showed light transmittance between 70%-80%,high water content between 121.2%-162.5% and swelling ratio between 60.3%-133.7%.Composite particle and sponge obtained water content between 82.0%-461.2% and 280.8%-1 939.0%.Composite scaffold with the amount ratio of PVA 0.75 g/CS 0.15 g exhibited the best performance.Scanning electron microscope showed that at a mass ratio of PVA 0.75 g/CS 0.15 g,the scaffold prepared by freeze-drying method had regular,fluffy inner structure,with good mechanics and high water content.

BACKGROUND: Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has similar water content as human tissues, good biocompatibility and high mechanical strength, thereby being utilized as tissue-engineered matrix material. However, the modification in cellular affinity benefits the function as tissue regeneration scaffold materials. OBJECTIVE: To prepare chitosan (CS) / PVA composite scaffold and explore the feasibility of serving as a scaffold for tissue engineering. METHODS: Scaffolds of CS/PVA was fabricated by blending PVA-124 with various amounts of CS using film forming, particle forming, and free-drying methods. Water content, light transmittance, and swelling ratio were tested. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the configuration of the cress section. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 7 different proportional scaffolds were obtained with different PVA and CS dosage. The composite film showed light transmittance between 70%-80%, high water content between 121.2%-162.5% and swelling ratio between 60.3%-133.7%.Composita particle and sponge obtained water content between 82.0%-461.2% and 280.8%-1 939.0%. Composite scaffold with the amount ratio of PVA 0.75 g/CS 0.15 g exhibited the best performance. Scanning electron microscope showed that at a mass ratio of PVA 0.75 g/CS 0.15 g, the scaffold prepared by freeze-drying method had regular, tluffy inner structure, with good mechanics and high water content.

ObjectiveTo study the expression of telomerase of fibroblasts in the formation and development of scar,and to investgate the relationship between the telomerase activity and the formation and development of scar.MethodsExpression of telomerase was detected by immunohistochemical techniques in 18 specimens from granulation tissue,17 keloid,16 specimens from hypertrophic scar,28 specimens from mature scar,32 specimens from normal skin,and SPSS16.0 statistics software was used to analyze the relationship between telomerase and scar.Results It was shown that the positive expression rate of telomerase in the granulation tissue group was 94.4 ％,that in the keloid group was 58.8 ％,that in the hypertrophic scar group was 18.8 ％, and that in the mature scar and in the normal skin was zero. comparisons between groups,in addition to the normal scar group and normal skin group,other groups were statistically significant differences.ConclnsionsScar formation is a process with multi-factor participation,while telomerase activation is an important factor. Detecting telomerase activity in the development process of scar formation may determine the prognosis.Through the control of telomerase activity in the pathogenesis of scar may become a new approach of scar treatment.

Objective To investigate the effects of early rehabilitation therapy in mechanically ventilated ICU in patients.Methods A randomized controlled trial was carried out.Sixty mechanically ventilated patients,with tracheal intubation or tracheostomy more than 48 h and less than 72 h,were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University from May 2010 to May 2012.These patients were randomly (random number) divided into two groups,the rehabilitation group and the control group,30 patients in each group.In rehabilitation group,rehabilitation therapy was taken twice daily,and the training time and intensity was adjusted according to the condition of the patients.Early rehabilitation therapy included head up actively,transfer from the supine to sit,out of bed,transfer to a chair,standing bedside bed and walking bedside bed.The patient' s body mass index,days to first out of bed,duration of mechanical ventilation,ICU stay,APACHE Ⅱ score,highest FiO2,lowest PaO2/FiO2 and hospital mortality of patients were compared between rehabilitation group and control group.The differences between the groups were compared using t test.Results There was no significant difference in body mass index,APACHE Ⅱ score,highest FiO2,lowest PaO2/FiO2 and hospital mortality between rehabilitation group and control group (P ＞ 0.05).Patients in the rehabilitation group had shorter first out of bed time [(3.8 ± 1.2) d vs.(14.9 ±4.7) d; P =0.00],duration of mechanical ventilation [(5.6±2.1) dvs.(12.7±4.1) d; P=0.005] andICUstay [(7.3±2.8) dvs.(15.2±4.5) d;P =0.01] compared with control group.Conclusions Early rehabilitation therapy was safe and effective in improving the outcomes of mechanical ventilation patient.

Objective To investigate the risk actors of postpartum hemorrhage of cesarean section,in order to provide the basis for the prevention of hemorrhage after cesarean section.Methods A case-control study was conducted in 100 cases with postpartum hemorrhage of cesarean section and 200 cases without bleeding of cesarean section.The clinical data were compared and analyzed.The single factor and multiple factors of the Logistic analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage of cesarean section.Results Fetal macrosomia (OR =3.678,95％ CI:1.456-5.345),placenta adhesion (OR =4.264,95％ CI:1.556-5.646),placenta praevia (OR =2.754,95％ CI:1.754-5.456),multifetal pregnancy (OR =3.964,95％ CI:1.274-4.453) were the risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section.Conclusion Evaluation of the above risk factors before cesarean section was important for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical efficacy of anatomic locking plate and Gamma nail in treating unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures with external wall fractures.

METHODSFrom June 2010 to June 2014,clinical data of 44 patients with intertroehanteric fractures associated with lateral wall fractures (type 31A2.2-3.3) followed more than 12 months,which treated with Gamma nail or anatomic locking plate,were retrospective analyzed. Sixteen patients were treated with anatomic locking plate, including 6 males and 10 females aged from 32 to 83 years old with an average of 56.5 years old. Twenty-eight patients were treated with Gamma nail including 17 males and 11 females aged from 26 to 87 years old with an average of 60.4 years old. Operative time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, blood loss (intraoperative and hidden blood loss), hospital stays were observed and compared. PPMS and HHS scoring were used to evaluate postoperative clinical effect.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 24 months with an average of 16.2 months. Operative time in Gamma nail was shorter than anatomic locking plate; while blood loss( intraoperative and hidden blood loss) and intraoperative fluoroscopy times in anatomic locking plate were less than that of in Gamma nail. There was no significant meaning in hospital stays between two groups. Postoperative full weight-bearing time in anatomic locking plate was prolonged than Gamma nail. At the final following-up, PPMS in Gamma nail was 7.50 ± 1.78 and 6.82 ± 1.38 in anatomic locking plate, and there was no obvious meaning between two groups (t = 2.341, P = 0.132); there was no significant differences in HHS score between Gamma nail (83.25 ± 11.18) and anatomic locking plate (86.14 ± 12.36) (t = 1.923, P = 0.243). The incidence of complications in Gamma nail was less than anatomic lock-ing plate (P = 0.005).

CONCLUSIONAnatomic locking plate for intertrochanteric fractures with external wall fractures could avoid re-injury of external wall, especially for severe comminuted fractures, difficult for intramedullary nailing, and there was no significant meaning in hip joint function compared with Gamma nail, while postoperative incidence of complications was higher than Gamma nail, so early weight-bearing was not stress.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Nails ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; instrumentation ; methods ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Hip Joint ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To study helper T lymphocyte cell(Th)1/Th2 imbalance in rats′ model of asthma and the modulation of lentinan(LNT) on the airway inflammation and Th1/Th2 imbalance.Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into control,asthma and LNT groups.In the experiment,the rat model of asthma was established by the ovalbumin(OVA) challenge methods.Eosinophils(Eos) number and differentiated cell number in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were counted by different count fluids.The levels of IL-4 and IFN-? in BALF were measured by sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results 1.The Eos count in BALF and the ratio of eosinophils to the total cell number(Eos%) of asthma group were significantly higher than those of the control group(t=21.94,12.81 Pa

Objective: Using the property of (?-estrogen receptor, Fas/?-estrogen receptor fusion gene was constructed which can lead to hormone-induced apoptosis after transfected into glioma cells. Methods: The transmembrane domain, cytoplasmic domain of human Fas gene was fused with the HBD gene fragment of human (?-estrogen receptor by PCR and gene recombination techniques, and was then inserted into eukaryotic vector pcDNA3. Human glioma cells BT325 were transfected with the recombinant plasmid by lipofectamine-rnediated gene transfection. Results: After selection with C418 (or six weeks, transformants expressing the fusion gene were selected out and identified by Western blot. MTT detection showed that (?-estradiol had cytoxic effect on the transformants with IC_(50) of about 10~(-9) mol/L. DNA Ladder detection showed that the transformants could be effectively induced to apoptosis. Conclusion: Fas/?-estrogen receptor fusion gene transfected glioma cells can be induced to apoptosis in a tight estrogen indepent manner.