AIM:To investigate changes of retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL) thickness and macular retinal thickness in patients with early diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) and disclose the changing trends of RNFL thickness and macular retinal thickness in different stages of early DR.
METHODS:It was a clinical case control study. Through selecting 60 patients ( 120 eyes ) with early DR diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were divided into non - diabetic retinopathy (NDR) group (20 cases, 40 eyes) and mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) group (20 cases, 40eyes), moderate NPDR group (20 cases, 40 eyes) . Twenty normal patients ( 40 eyes ) were enrolled as control group. The RNFL thickness of optical nerve ( with circle scan round optic nerve head, scan diameter of 3. 45mm) and the retinal thickness of macular ( around center point with 1000μm diameter ) were measured by optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) , to compare the RNFL thickness changes of the control and early DR patients.
RESULTS:Compared with the control group, the RNFL thickness of optical disc in the inferior quadrant was descended obviously in NDR group ( P < 0. 05 ), with statistically significant difference,; there were no statistically significant difference in other quadrants ( P>0.05). In mild NPDR group, the RNFL thickness of optical disc in the mean and inferior quadrant was significantly descended than that in the NDR group. In moderate NPDR group, the RNFL thickness of optical disc in the mean, superior and inferior quadrant was statistical significance descended than that in the NDR group ( P < 0. 05 ). Compared with the NPDR group, NDR group and control group, the RNFL thickness of optical disc in each quadrant were descended significantly. There was statistically significant difference in macular retinal thickness among the NDR group, mild NPDR and moderate NPDR group ( P<0. 05), the retinal thickness was increased gradually in mild NPDR and moderate NPDR group.
CONCLUSION:With the development in the degree of early DR, RNFL thickness is gradually decreased and retinal thickness is increased, OCT can be observed qualitatively and quantitatively in DR.

Objective To study the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) in rat model. Methods Male SD rats were fed with a high fat diet for 12 weeks. Non alcoholic ateatohepatitis serum lipid, aminotransferase values and free fatty acid (FFA) levels were tested, the malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of hepatic tissue were also detected. Hepatic cytochrome P450ⅡE 1 (CYPⅡE 1) were detected in liver section by immunohistochemistry using CYPⅡE 1 specific antibodies and also with an immunohistochemical procedure for detecting the number of Kupffer cells. Results FFA concentrations of the serum and hepatic tissue were markedly increased, which was accompanied by an increase of MDA in hepatic tissue, whereas SOD activity of hepatic tissue was decreased. CYPⅡE 1 immunostaining was markedly increased, especially in the perivenous region. The number of Kupffer cells in NASH was significantly increased compared with control livers. Correlation analysis revealed that the increases in the levels of FFA correlated positively with the hepatic CYPⅡE 1 expression, the lipid peroxidation, and the pathological scores in the liver of NASH rats. Conclusion The increased FFA, highly expressed CYPⅡE 1, activated kupffer cells and increased lipid oxidate were all contributed to NASH.

We wished to screen the cell line that stably expresses the HPV18E5 protein, and to ascertain the influence of HPV18E5 protein on cell proliferation and the cell cycle. The HPV18E5 gene was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. Then, the His-tag pSecTag-HPV18E5 eukaryotic expression vector was constructed by digestion ligation and connection. The recombinant plasmid was transfected into Balb/c3T3 cells with lipofectamine, and positive cell lines were screened by a culture medium containing bleomycin. HPV18E5 expression in cells was confirmed by western blotting and immuno-enzymatic methods. The influence of HPV18E5 on cell proliferation and the cell cycle were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. The pSecTag-HPV18E5 eukaryotic expression vector was constructed. After 21-day selection in a culture medium containing 400 μg/mL bleomycin, stably expressing HPV18E5 protein cells were harvested. Compared with control groups, cell proliferation in HPV18E5 stably expressed cells was obviously increased, as was the S phase in the cell cycle. Our results suggested that HPV18E5 influences cell proliferation and the cell cycle. Our study has laid the foundation of the biologic properties of HPV18E5 protein, which will aid further studies on the mechanism of action of carcinogenesis.
Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; genetics ; metabolism ; Papillomavirus Infections ; physiopathology ; virology ; Transfection

Female ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Male ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; methods ; Pulmonary Ventilation ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

The history and present status of phytoplasma classification are introduced briefly in this paper.The newly classification methods and rules for the description of Candidatus species are reviewed.The key problems and direction on the classification and identification of phytoplasmas in China are discussed.

Objective To compare the effects of propofol,nidazolarm versus etomidate combined with sufentanil for anesthesia induction on intraocular pressure.Methods Forty-five ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 20-40 yr,scheduled for surgery under general surgery,were randomly divided into 3 groups(n =15 each):propofol group(group P); midazolam group(group M)and etomidate group(group E).Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of propofol 2 mg/kg,midazolam 0.2 mg/kg,and etomidate 0.3 mg/kg in P,M and E groups respectively,and then with iv injection of sufentanil 0.2 μg/kg and cisatracurium 0.2 mg/kg in all the groups.The patients were then tracheal intubated.Intraocular pressure(IOP)and MAP were recorded at 1 m in before induction of anesthesia (T0),before intubation(T1),and at 0,1 and 2 min after intubation(T2-4).Results Compared with group P,the incidence of intraocujar hypotension was significantly decreased in group M(P ＜ 0.01).Compared with group E,the incidence of intraocular hypertension was significantly decreased in P and M groups(P ＜ 0.05),The correlation coefficient between MAP and IOP was 0.831,0.889 or 0.806 in group P,M or E respectively(P ＜0.05),and there was no significant difference in the correlation coefficient among the three groups(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Midazolam combined with sufentanil for anesthesia induction exerts less influence on lOP and the degree of MAP fluctuations is a major factor contributing to the change in IOP.

Objective To investigate the effect of adhesive membrane that has anti-side leakage and can be drained during the operation of cegarean section.Methods 300 cageg of lying-in women with cessrean section were randomly divided into three groups,the test 1 group,test 2 group and the control group.The test 1 group used adhesive membrane specially adopted in cerebral surgery,the test 2 group used the"U"shape adhesive membrane that had anti-side leakage and could be drained during the operation,the control group used the routine adhesive membrane,and then the contamination by amniotic fluid and blood of the thine groups was observed.Resulls Compared with test 1 group and the control group,the pollution by amniofic fluid and blood was significanfly decreased in the test 2 group,P＜0.01.Conclusiom This modified designed"U"shape adhesive membrane can drain amniotic fluid and blood during cesarean section in time and simply.

Objective To explore the treatment effect of Zuogui pill (ZGP) on immune premature ovarian failure rats.Methods Female mice model of POF was established by multiple sites subcutaneous injection of zona pellucida 3,and treated with different dosage ZGP (low, middle and high),with prednisone and diaethylstilbestrol as positive control. We detecteed apoptosis rate of granulosa and oocyte of murine ovaries by tunel method and observd the change of sexual cycle and weight. Results Compared with the control group,the weight of model group rat in the third to eighth weeks was significant difference (P

OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical cases of fungal infections and drug resistance to provide a basis for the treatment of mycotic infection.METHODS A total of 215 cases of fungal strains were identified by API 20C AUX.Drug susceptibility was determined by Rosco slip diffusion.RESULTS In 215 fungal strains of specimens,Candida accounted for 87.9%,of which C.albicans accounted for 37.2%.The yeast-like fungi sensitivity rate to amphotericin B,nystatin and ketoconazole respectively was 100.0%,97.9% and 93.5%.CONCLUSIONS Candida are the most common pathogens in the 215 fungal stains.Yeast-like fungi is sensitive to amphotericin B,nystatin and ketoconazole.

Objective: To investigate the effects of a Chinese herbal formula for calming liver and suppressing yang on the protein expressions of vascular tissues in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), and to explore the mechanism of efficacy. Methods: Twenty SHRs were randomly divided into model group and treatment group. Another 10 Wistar-Kyoto rats were selected as a normal control. SHRs in the treatment group were administered with the formula for calming liver and suppressing Yang for 4 weeks. During the course of treatment, blood pressure and heart rates were monitored every week and the ethology of rats, including irritability and rotation endurance was also evaluated. After treatment, thoracic aorta was obtained and its proteins were separated by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and database query. Results: The formula for calming liver and suppressing yang not only decreased the systolic blood pressure and heart rate, but also improved irritability degree and rotation endurance time of SHRs. This experiment had established the 2-DE graph of protein expressions of vascular tissues in SHRs. Compared with the normal group, the expressions of 15 proteins were down-regulated, and 12 proteins were up-regulated in vascular tissues of the model group. The formula for calming liver and suppressing yang treatment up-regulated expressions of 10 proteins in the 15 down-regulated proteins, and down-regulated 8 proteins in the 12 up-regulated proteins in vascular tissues of SHRs. After analysis, 16 obviously differentially expressed proteins were found, and 13 of them were identified. Conclusion: The formula for calming liver and suppressing yang can improve the ethology of SHRs. The mechanism is probably concerned with regulating the protein expressions of vascular tissues.