Adult ; Genital Diseases, Male ; complications ; Herpes Zoster ; complications ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Male ; Urinary Retention ; etiology

The principles of step by step, the combination of practice and theory, the co-existing of being implicit and explicit, the equality between guidance and autonomous can be followed to construct humanities curriculum system in content, resources, teaching staff and teaching in medical colleges for nationalities. Furthermore, humanities curriculum system must insist on a fundamental concepts that the human theory is the essence of medicine, and the humanities is the basic structure of medicine and the key to success is the training of humanities teachers.

Epithelial Cells ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; pathology

Biomarkers ; Humans ; Indium ; Occupational Exposure

Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms ; pathology

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; genetics ; Humans ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics

Objective To explore the possible mechanisms that cause the dentate gyrus (DG) neurons to play different roles in information coding. Methods In vivo extracellular single unit recording was performed on 22 waking female guinea pigs, which were positioned in a sound-attenuated recording chamber without any muscular relaxants. The spontaneous firing patterns of the DG neurons were detected and compared. Results There were two different electrophysiological populations in the DG of guinea pigs, principal cells (PCs) and fast spiking interneurons (INs). Of the PCs, 1.3% discharged regularly, 48.1% irregularly and 50.6% in bursts; in contrast, of the INs units, 64.1% discharged regularly, 2.6% irregularly and 33.3 % in bursts. The spontaneous firing patterns of PCs were significantly different from those of INs (P <0.01). In addition, the differences of several interspike interval (ISI) parameters also have been observed: (1) the ISI coefficients of variation of PCs (3.39 +/- 3.56) were significantly higher than those of INs (1.08 +/- 0.46) (P < 0.01 ); (2) the ISI asymmetric indexes of PCs (0. 047 +/- 0. 059) were significantly lower than those of INs (0. 569 +/-0. 238) (P < 0.01). Conclusion In the DG, the spontaneous firing patterns of PCs were significantly different from those of INs. The former were prone to fire in bursts, the latter were prone to fire regularly. The different roles in information coding between PCs and INs might be caused by their different firing patterns.

Calbindin 2 ; metabolism ; Colon ; metabolism ; Hirschsprung Disease ; metabolism ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo investigate aquaporin 9 (AQP9) mRNA and protein expression in antrum follicle and luteinizing granulosa cells of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) ovary, and its relation to follicular fluid steroids hormone levels during IVF cycles.

METHODSAQP9 mRNA expression on luteinizing granulosa cells in IVF cycles was detected by RT-PCR. AQP9 protein expression in antrum follicles of PCOS ovary and luteinizing granulosa cells was measured by immunohistochemistry. The concentrations of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P) and testerone (T) in follicular fluid were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA).

RESULTThe expression of AQP9 mRNA in luteinizing granulosa cells during IVF cycles was positive by RT-PCR. No significant differences in AQP9 mRNA levels in granulosa cells between PCOS and control group were found during IVF cycles. The expression level of AQP9 mRNA in large follicles was higher than that in small follicles, but not significantly. The immunoreactivity for AQP9 was localized in membrane and cytoplast of granulosa cells in antrum follicles from PCOS ovary and luteinizing granulosa cells during IVF cycles. Multiple regression analysis showed that AQP9 mRNA levels on granulosa cells were not correlated with E2, P and T levels in follicular fluid during IVF cycles.

CONCLUSIONAQP9 may play an important role in the follicle development and antrum formation through water transport and AQP9 may be involved in the mechanism of follicle development in PCOS.

Adult ; Aquaporins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Follicular Fluid ; metabolism ; Granulosa Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infertility, Female ; etiology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; complications ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Biopsy ; Dissection ; Gastric Mucosa ; pathology ; surgery ; Gastroscopy ; methods ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Stomach Ulcer ; pathology