Purpose To study clinical pathological significance of the expression of PTEN, p53 and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) in breast carcinoma and their correlation. Methods Immunohistochemical MaxVision method was used to detect the expres-sion of PTEN, p53, EGFR in 209 cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast and 40 cases of benign breast diseases. Results The over-expression rate of PTEN, p53 and EGFR protein in breast carcinoma was 57. 9%, 55. 0% and 38. 3% respectively, which was significantly different from those in benign breast diseases (P<0. 05). The expression of PTEN, p53 and EGFR in breast cancer was correlated with tumor size, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, ER status, PR status and molecular subtype (P<0. 05). There was an association between PTEN or p53 and TNM stage, PTEN or EGFR and HER-2 status. There was a negative correlation in the protein expression of PTEN vs EGFR or PTEN vs p53 (P<0. 01). There was a positive correlation between EGFR and p53 protein ex-pression (P=0. 000). The expression of PTEN or EGFR was correlated with the prognosis of breast cancer, but not independent prog-nostic factors. The survival rate of patients with PTEN- /p53 + /EGFR+ was lower than those with other combined expression of PTEN/p53/EGFR (P=0. 008). Conclusions Low or loss expression of PTEN, p53 mutation and EGFR over-expression may be coordinate-ly involved in the pathogenesis and progression of breast cancer. The combined detection of these markers may play an important role in making treatment and indicating prognosis for breast cancer patients.

Islet β cell secretion deficiency and( or) the decreased insulin sensitivity of target tissue are the important pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetes. So,detection and assessment of isletβcell function in the early stages,could be of great significance for disease severity evaluation,early intervention and prognosis of the disease. At present,the main methods of the testing and assessment ofβcell function includeβcell function evaluating indexes,pulsatile insulin secretion,insulin secretion by glucose or non-glucose secretagogues and func-tion testing by other secretions of isletβcells. Among of them,βcell functional assessment methods by detecting C-peptide( especially aspects such as 90 minutes of C-peptide testing in mixed-meal tolerance test,urinary C-pep-tide creatinine ratio) have experienced some progress in recent years.

BACKGROUND:During artificial knee replacement for al kinds of severe knee disease or conservative treatment for end-stage knee disease, Deluxe-PS knee prosthesis and PFC Sigma RP knee prosthesis have their advantages.
OBJECTIVE: To compare and analyze the matching of the Deluxe-PS and PFC Sigma RP knee prostheses with bone cross section.
METHODS:According to the use of the knee prosthesis, 87 gonarthritis patients undergoing bilateral knee replacement were divided into two groups. 46 cases in the test group received Deluxe-PS knee prosthesis replacement. 41 cases in the control group received PFC Sigma RP knee prosthesis replacement. Operation time and intraoperative blood loss were compared between the two groups. American Knee Society score, knee score of American Special Surgical Hospital and knee joint range of motion were used to evaluate knee joint function before replacement, 3 months after replacement and during final folow-up. Anteroposterior X-ray films were obtained after replacement to measure valgus angle and flexion angle of femoral prosthesis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Operation time and intraoperative blood loss were significantly better in the test group than in the control group (P< 0.05). (2) No significant difference in American Knee Society score, knee score of American Special Surgical Hospital and knee joint motion was detected between the two groups before replacement and 3 months after replacement (P > 0.05). Above indexes were significantly improved in both groups at 3 months after replacement and during final follow-up (P < 0.05). (3) No significant difference in valgus angle and flexion angle of femoral prosthesis was identified between test and control groups during final follow-up (P > 0.05). (4) These findings indicate that effect of Deluxe-PS type artificial knee prosthesis was identical to that of PFC Sigma RP knee prosthesis in knee osteoarthritis patients receiving bilateral knee joint replacement. Deluxe-PS type artificial knee prosthesis can perfectly realize high-accuracy combination of the prosthesis and the bone cross section, and enhance the fusion suitability of the prosthesis and the bone surface. Deluxe-PS type artificial knee prosthesis has the advantage of operation. This advantage is possibly because Deluxe-PS type artificial knee prosthesis is more in line with the anatomical structure of the knee joint of Chinese.

Objective To analyze the factors related to glare occurred after the phakic intraocular lens (P-IOL) implantation,and to raise the standard for the P-IOL selection.Design Retrospective case series.Participants 104 patients with high myopia underwent P-IOL implantation in Beijing Tongren Hospital.Methods In 104 cases,22 cases (22 eyes) were implanted angle supported Phakic6 designed accord with corneal symmetry,54 cases (54 eyes) were implanted iris fixed Verisyse,and 28 cases (28 eyes) were implanted posterior chamber PRL.Selection of the diameter of P-IOL optics depended on P-IOL diopters.The pupil diameter,the P-IOL optic center position,the pupil and corneal center position were measured with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT).The contrast sensitivity (CS) under different condition (day,day and glare,night,night and glare) and in different space frequency (1.5,3,6, 12,18c/d)were examined with Optec6500 system.Main Outcome Measures Glare incidence,CS,and the influence of pupil diameter and P-IOL location to glare.Results None of the 104 P-IOL eyes occurred glare in day time.59 eyes (56.73%) complained of glare in dime condition.The glare incidence was 63.18% (14/22) in Phakic6 eyes,55.56% (30/54) in Verisyse eyes,and 53.27% (15/28) in PRL eyes (P=0.691).CS of all surgical eyes were improved in day time with or without glare luminous environment (P=0.000).And the CS of halo-complaining eyes was lower than of no halo eyes in night time with or without glare luminous environment (P=0.000).Glare oc- curred more frequently in eyes with the pupil diameter larger than P-IOL diameter in clime condition after surgery (10 in Phakic6 eyes, 20 in Verisyse eyes,12 in PRL eyes,all P

Objective To discuss the video-urodynamic characteristics and management in infra-sacral cord injured patients. Methods The video-urodynamic finding and managements in 169 patients was reviewed. They were followed up for 2 years. Results Detrusor areflexia was found in 76.33% (129/169) patients, among them there were 27.22% (46/169) patients appeared hyper-compliance, and 7.10% (12/169) patients appeared reflux. The video-urodynamic characteristics showed over activity and low-compliance in 12.43% (21/169) patients, including reflux in 5 cases. Different management was chosen according to the video-urodynamic examination. No special complication was observed after 2 years follow-up. Conclusion The majority patients with infra-sacral cord injury appeared detrusor areflexia and hyper-compliance. Special management according to the video-urodynamic characteristics is important for protecting upper urinary tract and preventing urinary system infection.

Brain Injuries ; etiology ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; complications ; Infant, Newborn

Communicable Diseases, Emerging ; genetics ; Genomics ; Humans

AIM: To investigate whether efficient production of neuron-like cells from embryonic stem cells(ESCs) can be indued by astrocyte-conditioned medium(ACM) in vitro.METHODS: Based on the 4-/4+ protocol established by Bain,two groups were studied: ATRA group,ATRA with ACM group.ESCs were induced into neuron-like cells by means of three-step differentiation in vitro.The totipotency of ESCs was identified by the observation of cells' morphology and the formations of teratoma in immunocomprised mice.The cell differentiation was evaluated continuously by detection of the cellular specific markers of neural stem cell, neurons and astrocytes such as nestin,NF-200,NSE and GFAP using immuno-histochemistry assay.RESULTS:(1) The ESC-D3 cells kept the ability of differentiation into cellular derivations of all three primary germ layers after continuous passage culture.(2) The ratio of NF-200 and NSE positive cells in the cells induced by ATRA with ACM was higher than that in the cells induced by ATRA only.(3) Finally,the positive rate of the neuron-like cells was up to 73.5% in the group induced by ATRA with ACM.CONCLUSION: The ESCs are induced into neuron-like cells with high purity and efficiency by ATRA with ACM.

Objective To investigate the expression of scaffold protein palladin in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissues and to discuss its clinicopathological significance.Methods 56 samples of PDAC and corresponding adjacent normal pancreas (NP) tissues were collected.Another 10 samples of chronic pancreatitis (CP) tissues were collected.Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry assay were performed to detect the expression of protein palladin.The correlation of palladin expression with clinicopathological factors of PDAC was analyzed.Results Western blot analysis revealed that the expression of palladin in PDAC,CP and NP tissues were respectively 0.93±0.07,0.41±0.07 and 0.20±0.06,and the expression of palladin was significantly increased in PDAC tissues compared with NP and CP tissues (P ＜ 0.05),and its expression was significantly increased in CP tissues compared with NP tissues (P ＜ 0.05).Immunohistochemical staining showed that palladin was mainly expressed in activated myofibroblasts in PDAC tissues.The rate of palladin expression was 79 ％ (44/56),which was higher than that in NP tissues (2/10) and CP tissues (4/10),and its expression was found to be correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation,lymph node metastasis and clinical TNM classification (P ＜ 0.05),and it had no correlation with patient' s sex,age,tumor location and distant metastasis (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Scaffold protein palladin is highly expressed in PDAC tissues,and it is expressed in the activated myofibroblasts within tumor microenvironment.Scaffold protein palladin may be involved in the invasion and metastasis of PDAC.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of mouth gag which can inserted into lavage tube during gastric lavage. Methods The Sixty- six cases of acute poisoning patients with gastric lavage according to random number table method were randomly divided into two groups, 33 cases in each group. Observation group used the inserted mouth gag, and the control group used the metal ones. Results The observation group were lower than the control group at the time required to insert the lavage tube [(2.23±0.19)s to (3.26±0.30)s] and the incidence of complication rate [18.2%(6/33) to 45.5%(15/33)], the oral cavity bleeding [6.0%(2/33) to 30.3%(10/33)], lavage tube displacement [0(0/33)to 24.2%(8/33)], lavage tube twisting[0(0/33) to 24.2%(8/33)], the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01), while higher in the rate of successful intubation[100.0%(33/33)] to [54.5%(18/33)], the difference was statistically significant, χ2=19.4,P<0.01. Conclusions The application of the mouth gag which can insert into gastric lavage improved the successful intubation rate, saved the rescue time, reduced the complication and improved the nursing quality.