Objective To observe the CT features of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Methods CT features of 40 adult patients with serologically proven mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia were retrospectively reviewed. Results The most common CT findings of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia were ground-glass opacity (34/40, 85.00%) and consolidation (28/40, 70.00%). The other findings included nodules (18/40, 45.00%), thickening of the bronchovascular bundles (6/40, 15.00%), interlobular septal thickening (6/40, 15.00%), mediastinal lymphadenopathy (6/40, 15.00%) and pleural effusion (4/40, 10.00%). Most of the ground-glass opacity and consolidation showed tendency of lobular distribution and involving the lower lobes. In some patients, the absorption of the lesions was slower than the relief of symptoms. Conclusion CT findings of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia have some features, and can provide help for the diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.

Objective To investigate the feasibility with low dose contrast agent in patients undergoing peripheral magnetic resonance angiography with high spatial resolution at open-bore 3 T scanner. Methods Images of MRA were assessed separately by two radiologists. And the images of DSA were assessed by one radiologist. The degree of the two interobservers' consensus for detection of arterial stenosis was determined by calculating the Kappa coef-ficient. Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used for revealing the relationship between contrast-enhanced MR angiography and DSA,in terms of categories of stenosis. Results For the degree of vessel stenosis, Cohen' s statis-tics revealed excellent agreement between the two observers. There was a significant correlation between DSA and MRA(P<0. 05). Conclusion At this open-bore 3 T scanner, high spatial resolution peripheral magnetic reso-nance angiography is achieved with low dose contrast agent.

Background Peripheral refraction of retina brings about influence on myopia development,and different corrective methods will play different roles on the peripheral refraction.Objective This study was to measure the peripheral refraction with progressive addition lenses (PALs) and single-vision spectacle lenses (SVLs) corrected in adolescent myopic eyes and to investigate the difference between them.Methods This was a selfcontrolled cross-sectional study.Forty corrected myopic eyes with PALs were recruited for the study.Twenty-three male and seventeen female subjects aged 10-15 years (mean 12.54 years±1.45 years) enrolled in this study.The refractive errors of the subjects ranged form-1.50 D to-6.00 D (mean-3.74 D±1.09 D) and the astigmatism was less than-1.50 D with the corrected visual acuity at least 20/25.1％ Tropicamide eye drops was topically administered for the cycloplegia and then Grand Seiko WAM-5500 Auto-refractor was used to measure the peripheral refraction.The measured points were determined follows as:fovea (0°),peripheral temporal (T30°,T20°,T10°) and nasal (N30°,N20°,N10°) visual fields from the right eyes.The mean of the six measuring points for each position was calculated.Peripheral refraction was measured from each subject under the wearing of PALs or SVLs (randomly in succession),and the statistic analyse perimeters included M value,relative peripheral refractive error (RPRE),J45,J180.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject before examination.Results The corrected visual acuity was 4.98 ± 0.65 and 4.97 ± 0.53 under the PALs and SVLs conditions respectively,showing in significant difference between them (t =0.222,P =0.639).Hypermetropic shift in peripheral M value and RPRE value were found with the increase of visual angle field,in contrast,the peripheral J180 showed a myopic shift,and significant difference was found among the six peripheral points with all of the above three perimeters (P＜0.05).Negative J45 values in the temporal visual filed and positive J45 values in the nasal filed showed less shift.Some peripheral angles of the peripheral refractions in M value,RPRE value,J180,J45 showed significantly difference from the fovea refraction(P＜0.05).Compared with SVLs correction,PALs induced relatively myopic shifts in M value and RPRE value in all of the peripheral angle fields,showing significant differences(P＜0.05).Conclusions PALs causes relatively myopic shift at the peripheral retina in adolescent myopic eyes in comparison with SVLs,and the important parameters are M value and RPRE value.The effect of PALs on controlling the onset and progression of myopia may be interpreted by peripheral refraction.

In order to provide a reference and theoretical guidance of the evaluation of electronic medical record (EMR) and establishment of evaluation system in China, we applied a bibliometric analysis to assess the application of methodologies used at home and abroad, as well as to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of them. We systematically searched international medical databases of Ovid-MEDLINE, EBSCOhost, EI, EMBASE, PubMed, IEEE, and China's medical databases of CBM and CNKI between Jan. 1997 and Dec. 2012. We also reviewed the reference lists of articles for relevant articles. We selected some qualified papers according to the pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria, and did information extraction and analysis to the papers. Eventually, 1 736 papers were obtained from online database and other 16 articles from manual retrieval. Thirty-five articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were retrieved and assessed. In the evaluation of EMR, US counted for 54.28% in the leading place, and Canada and Japan stood side by side and ranked second with 8.58%, respectively. For the application of evaluation methodology, Information System Success Model, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Innovation Diffusion Model and Cost-Benefit Access Model were widely applied with 25%, 20%, 12.5% and 10%, respectively. In this paper, we summarize our study on the application of methodologies of EMR evaluation, which can provide a reference to EMR evaluation in China.
Bibliometrics ; China ; Databases, Factual ; Electronic Health Records ; Information Storage and Retrieval

Congresses as Topic ; Otolaryngology ; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases ; surgery

Objective To investigate and analyze the effect of current doctor-patient relationship on profession recognition of medical students and to make some accommodations for medical education. Methods Questionnaire was conducted among 800 medical students in North Sichuan Medical College concerning the aspects of recognition of doctor-patient relationship,profession recognition and effect of current doctor-patient relationship on profession recognition . Data statistics was done by SPSS 19 . 0 . Differences were analyzed by frequency,chi-square test by α=0.05 standard and Spearman correlation analysis. Results 67.6%(536/793)of the surveyed students thought that the current doctor-patient re-lationship exerted effect on their job concepts. According to the results of Spearman correlation analysis between current doctor-patient relationship(X)and effect of current doctor-patient relationship on future job con-cepts(Y),correlation coefficient was 0 . 088 ,P=0 . 013<0 . 05 . Conclusions Effect of current doctor-patient relationship on profession recognition of medical students results from health care policy, school education and society,therefore,university should improve related education .

Objective To explore the value of time-resolved angiography with interleaved stochastic trajectories (TWIST)in providing hemodynamic indices and morphological imaging of calf arteries in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease(PAOD) with 3.0 T MR scanner. Methods Forty patients with confirmed or suspected PAOD underwent TWIST MRA for the calf arteries and conventional contrast-enhanced MRA(CE-MRA) for the whole lower peripheral arteries. TWIST MRA data were used to determine the bolus arriving time of the popliteal artery, the time difference of the bolus arrival in the popliteal artery between the two legs, calf artery transit time, and the mean peak enhancement time of calf arteries. The mean value of peak enhancement time of calf arteries was correlated with ankle-brachial index(ABI). The calf arteries were divided into 13 segments. The visible score of arterial segment was recorded, and the degree of arterial stenosis was graded too. In 16 patients, DSA was used as the gold standard to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of TWIST MRA and CE-MRA. Results The bolus arriving time of the popliteal artery was (0.7±7.6) s the time difference of the bolus arrival in the popliteal artery between the two legs was (2.1±2.5) s, the calf artery transit time was (35.6±16.9) s, the mean value of peak enhancement time of calf arteries was (52.6±17.6) s. ABI was acquired from 24 patients and 48 legs, which correlated well with the mean value of peak enhancement time in calf arteries (r＝0.627,P＜0.01). The mean visible score was (2.83±0.48) of TWIST MRA images and (2.78±0.43) of CE-MRA images. There was no significant difference between them (P＞0.05). On CE-MRA, there were 38 legs with varying degrees of early venous enhancement; in contrast, there was no venous contamination on TWIST MRA. The sensitivity and specificity of TWIST MRA were 96.7% (118/122) and 100.0% (72/72) in showing normal artery and mild stenosis, 94.1% (32/34) and 96.2% (154/160) in showing severe stenosis, and 94.7% (36/38) and 98.7% (154/156) in showing occlusion. The sensitivity and specificity of CE-MRA were 95.9% (117/122) and 100.0% (72/72) in showing normal artery and mild stenosis, 91.2% (31/34) and 95.6% (153/160) in showing severe stenosis, and 94.7% (36/38) and 98.1% (153/156) in showing occlusion. Conclusion TWIST MRA is a preferable choice for calf arterial occlusive disease, which provided nice morphological images and useful hemodynamic indices with simple operation.

Objective To investigate the protective function and its mechanisms of eyclosporin A to immature brain tissue with convulsive brain damage. Methods 21-day-old SD rats were given lithium-pilocarpine to make the epilepsy model. Total 67 male rats had been investigated. Cyclosporin A (CsA) were injected three times at 6, 30, 54 hrs after model had been established. Three dosages had been chosen: 5, 10 and 25 mg/kg each time. The level of apoptotic cells, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in CA1 area of hippocampus had been determined, and compared with the rats without giving CsA. Results Rats from epilepsy model group had higher level of apoptosis, P-gp, GFAP expression than those from pseudo-model group. CsA injection by dose 5 mg/kg each time for three times reduced the level of P-gp, GFAP. Model group and pseudo-model group were same. Both the interventions of CsA injection by 10 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg can reduce the level of P-gp, GFAP, however neither of their effectiveness was better than CsA 5 mg/kg each time. Conclusions Small dosage of CsA may protect the immature brain tissue from convulsive brain damage by reducing the level of P-gp, GFAP in CA1 area of hippocampus.

BACKGROUND: Pterygium is associated with local chronic inflammatory responses and chronic stimulation from external factors such as. sunlight and wind dust. Presently. there are various theories concerning the onset mechanism of pterygium, but these theories are not generally accepted.OBJECTIVE: To investigate histopathological chractefistics of pterygium and analyze the mulfipotent stem cell effects on the onset of pterygium DESIGN: An open experiment.SETTING: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University.MATERIALS: Experiments were performed at the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University from September 2006 to January 2007. 218 pterygial paraffin specimens following clinical and pathological diagnosis were obtained from Pathology Lab of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sea University.METHODS: Pterygial specimens harvested from clinical operations received morphology, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence under a confocal microscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Morphology of ptorygium and expressions of CD34, vimentin (VIM), smooth muscle acfin (SMA), S- 100 in pterygium.RESULTS: Changes in morphology: Fibroplasia and neovascularization were the main changes in pterygium. Fibroplasia wasdiverse in different regions, and two main phenomena were observed. First, the tissues arranged tightly like the scleral fiber.Secondly, in some loose region, some of spindle-shape, polygonal, asteroid fibroblast-like cells, arranging loosely, could be seen only. No apparent collagen fibers were identified between them. Immunohistochemistry were positive for CD34 in some region where the fibroblast actively proliferated, whereas fibrocytes in mature fibrous tissue were negatively stained.Immunohistochemisu'y was positive for VIM in a large fraction of fibrocytes, vascular endothelial cells, vessel wall and perithelial cells. SMA staining was positive in basophilous small blocks, spindle or irregular cell cluster. Of the 218 cases, 56 cases had smooth muscle. S-100 staining demonstrated that neurofilament protein and adipocytes were positive. Of the 218 cases, 44 cases had adipose tissue, Immunofluorescence showed that proliferative active cells were positive and stained green under a confocal microscope.CONCLUSION: The fibrous tissues in pterygium originate from mesenchymal stem cells, and can differentiate into smooth muscle and adipose tissue.