China ; Occupational Health Services ; Pilot Projects

Objective To investigate the operative techniques for refractory cholelithiasis. Methods The clinical data of 521 patients with refractory cholelithiasis who had been admitted to People's Hospital of Hunan Province from January 1990 to December 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. Results All patients received surgery. After the operation, 3 patients died of liver and kidney failure, the remaining 518 patients were cured without severe complications. The results of B ultrasound and computed tomography showed residual stones in 78 patients (15.1%). Four hundred and twenty-three patients (81.7%) were followed up for 5 months to 17 years (mean, 7.5 years), and the rate of positive effect was 90.1% (381/423). Conclusions Most of the refractory cholelithiasis can be cured radically. Individualized surgical planning, fine and standard surgical procedure are key to the treatment effect.

Objective To summarize the experience in surgical management of bile duct injury. Methods The clinical data of 683 patients with bile duct injury who were admitted to the Hunan People's Hospital from August 1990 to December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Of all the patients, seven received hepatectomy +T tube drainage, two received liver repair + T tube drainage, four received external biliary drainage + hepatectomy,27 received liver repair or hepatectomy + silicone support, 233 received temporary portal triad clamping + gelatin sponge hemostasis, 72 received biliary repair + T tube drainage, 248 received hepatobiliary basin Roux-en-Y anastomosis, 22 received external biliary drainage, 61 received long arm T tube drainage, two received pancreaticoduodenectomy and five received hepatectomy + T tube drainage. The surgical outcomes were evaluated by analyzing the results of the follow-up. Results The surgical outcomes were ranked excellent, good and poor according to the condition of patients and the results of imaging examination. Six hundred and twelve patients were followed up for 8 months to 19 years, and the surgical outcomes were excellent in 337 patients (55.1%), good in 214 patients (35.0%) and poor in 61 patients ( 10.0% ). Conclusion The surgical outcome of bile duct injury could be satisfactory if the approach of the surgery is properly selected.

Objective To summarize the experience in operation manner and surgical technique of refractory cholelithiasis.Methods A total of five hundred and twenty one patients with refractory cholelithiasis admitted to Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from Jan.1990 to Dec.2007 were involved in this study for retrospective analysis.Results All patients in this group accepted surgery.Apart from three cases of perioperative death with liver and kidney failure,the remaining five hundred and eighteen cases had no serious complications,were cured and discharged.The imaging examination showed residual stone in seventy cases,accounting for fifteen percent.Four hundred and twenty one patients were followed up.The mean time of follow-up was seven years and six months (range 5 months - 17 years).Good result rate was 90.1%(381/423).Conclusions Most intractable cholelithiasis can be cured radically.Individual surgery programme,fine and standard surgical procedure are the key to treatment effect.

Objective To discuss the prevention and management method for chylous fistula after neck lymph node dissec‐tion .Methods Totally 1 793 cases of neck lymph node dissection in this department from January 2005 to September 2014 were retrospectively analyzed .The clinical data in the cases of chylous fistula occurred after operation were summarized .Results Twenty one cases of chylous fistula occurred ,accounting for 1 .17% ,in which 13 cases were cured by the local compressed bandaging and continuous negative pressure drainage;5 cases adopted the conventional method for 2-3 d ,but under the ineffective condition ,then they were treated by combining with somatostatin pumping (somatostatin 6 mg+0 .9% normal saline 48 mL ,2 mL/h ,lasting for 24 h ,for successive 2-3 d) and finally cured;3 cases were cured after reoperation .Conclusion Prevention is the best treatment for chylous fistulas ,local compression bandage plus continuous negative pressure drainage is the main method for treatment of chylous fistulas after neck dissection .The combined therapy with somatostatin can increase the close rate of chylous fistulas;for the patients with long persistent time ,large drainage volume and invalid conservative therapy should adopt the remedial measure of operation .

Objective To investigate the primary repair methods and efficacy of island pedicled pectoralis major muscle flap in soft tissue defect after the operation of head and neck malignant tumors .Methods From April 2011 to September 2012 ,27 patients from this hospital who underwent primary repair using island pedicled pectoralis major muscle flap after a head and neck extensive soft tissue defect were investigated ,including 11 cases of tongue cancer defect ,2 cases of parotid gland defect ,3 cases of gum cancer defect ,2 cases of oropharyngeal cancer defect ,9 cases of floor of the mouth cancer defect .Results 27 patients were safety in periop-erative ,27 cases of island pectoralis major muscle flap survived ,patients were satisfied with both the appearance and function .There was postoperative neck hematoma in 1 patient ,it was eliminated through timely remove the hematoma and hemostasis completely ;There was 1 case of removing the epidermal necrolysis skin as flap necrosis ,while it was acceptable efficacy as the muscle flap sur-vival and surface granulation repaired .Conclusion Island pectoralis major muscle flap obtains unique advantages in repairing a large area of soft tissue defect in head and neck cancer patients after operation ,such as abundant of tissue ,a constant arterial anatomy of thoracoacromial ,easy to operate ,rich blood supply ,strong resistance to infection ,high survival rate and so on .A fine surgery opera-tion is the key of island pectoralis major muscle flap survival .

Objective To investigate the safety and short-term effect of anatomical hepatectomy for the treatment of hepatolithiasis with the caudate lobe as the sole remnant liver.Methods The clinical data of 1 patient with hepatolithiasis combined with liver atrophy-hypertrophy syndrome who was admitted to the Hunan Provincial People's Hospital in April 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.The stones were located in the left and right liver, the involved liver became fibroatrophy, and the hepatic caudate lobe not containing stones became hypertrophy.The body surface area of the patient was 1.65 m2 , standard total liver volume was 1 167.63 mL.According to the result of CT, expected residual liver volume after hepatectomy was 706.12 mL, and the ratio of residual liver volume over the standard total liver was 60.47％.The radio of residual liver volume over the body mass index was 1.21％.The patient received the second exploration of common bile ducts, hepatectomy with the caudate lobe as the sole remnant liver and T tube drainage.The follow-up including recurrence of calculus was performed by outpatient examination and telephone interview up to April 2015.Results The patient underwent caudate lobe as the sole remnant liver following anatomical hepatectomy successfully without blood transfusion.The operation time and volume of intraoperative blood loss were 380 minutes and 350 mL.The peritoneal drainage tube was removed at postoperative day 2 and the patient was discharged at postoperative day 8 with a good recovery of liver function.The postoperative pathological examination showed that there were focal biliary epithelial papillary hyperplasia combined with light-medium atypical hyperplasia and no canceration.The T tube cholangiography two month later showed that there were unobstructed lower bile duct and no residual intra-and extra-hepatic stones.The liver function was normal.Then T tube was removed and patient resumed normal life.During the 1-year follow-up, no chills and fever, jaundice and abdominal pain occurred, no calculus was detected by B-ultrasonography, and computed tomography reexamination showed that remnant liver volume was increased and no intra-and extra-hepatic bile duct stones were detected.Conclusion Anatomical hepatectomy for the treatment of hepatolithiasis with the caudate lobe as the sole remnant liver is safe and feasible, with a good curative effect.

Objective To detect the spatial clustering and high risk areas of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Sichuan province in 2018 and,to compare the effects of application on both SaTScan 9.4.1 software and FleXScan 3.1.2 software to detect the PTB spatial clusters.Methods Geographic information database was established by using the incidence data of PTB and demographic data reported in the'China disease prevention of infectious disease reporting information management system'in Sichuan province in 2018.Spatial clustering analysis was conducted using the Poisson model in software SaTScan 9.4.1 and FleXScan 3.1.2 to detect the high risk areas of PTB by software ArcGIS 10.5.Differences of clusters locations and scopes in the two scanning methods were compared.Results The reported incidence rate of PTB was 57.34/100 000 (47 601 cases) in Sichuan province in 2018,presenting an obvious clustering distribution.SaTScan and FleXScan scanned 8 and 10 clusters showed statistically significant differences (P＜0.05),with log-likelihood ratio (LLR) as 24.62-2 416.05 and 1.48-2 618.96,respectively.Results from scanning of the two methods showed that the most likely clusters appeared in the Daliangshan and Xiaoliangshan of Liangshan Yi ethnic aggregation areas.The other clustering areas would include some minority areas in the western Sichuan plateau,detected by both two methods differences in the shape and scope of the clustering were detected by both methods.The clustering scopes detected by SaTScan covered some counties,in which the actual incidence was not high.FleXScan could distinguish the clusters and detect more irregular shaped clusters.Conclusions Obvious spatial clusters of PTB distribution were found in Sichuan in 2018.Areas of Daliangshan,Xiaoliangshan and the minority areas in Western Sichuan plateau appeared at high risk,suggesting these were the key areas for prevention and control.FleXScan seemed more conducive in accurately distinguishing the "cold spot" areas in the highly aggregated areas,and more suitable for the application of spatial clustering detection for TB,in Sichuan province.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of nebulized inhalation of terbutaline sulfate for injection in the treatment of children with wheezing disease. METHODS: From December 2016 to April 2018,440 cases of lower respiratory tract infection with cough and wheezing were hospitalized for treatment in the Department of Respiratory Medicine of Children's Hospital of Soochow University,Chengdu Women's & Children's Central Hospital and Dalian Children's Hospital of Dalian Medical University. The children were selected and randomly divided into terbutaline sulfate for injection group(Group A),terbutaline sulphate solution for nebulization group(Group B)and control group(Group C). The efficacy and adverse reactions of the three groups were compared. RESULTS: The scores of wheezing symptoms in group A and group B decreased more significantly than those in group C(P<0.05). Group A and group B had a certain influence on heart rate,and the heart rate at 30 minutes and 60 minutes after nebulization was higher than that of group C. In addition to the effect on heart rate,no other adverse reactions were found in group A and group C;one patient in the group B developed arm tremor and disappeared after stopping the drug. CONCLUSION: Inhalation of terbutaline sulfate for injection in the treatment of children with wheezing disease can shorten the treatment time and effectively improve the clinical treatment effect. The clinical efficacy is comparable to that of terbutaline sulphate solution for nebulization,and it is safe and worthy of clinical application.