Objective To assess the removal efficiency of bacteria by water purifiers using different purifying materials. Methods The bacterial removal effectiveness of 7 types of commercially available water purifiers was tested using the National Standard Methods. Results Apart from one type using a single activated-carbon filtering material, the bacteria removal effectiveness of the other 6 types of water purifiers met the requirements of water purification device according to the rated treated-water-capacity conditions. Conclusion The removal efficiency of bacteria by water purifiers made from different filtering materials was different. Bacteria elimination effectiveness of a single-filtering material was lower and it is inversely proportional to its water-treating capacity. Water purifiers using multiple-purifying materials gave better removal efficiency of bacteria.

AIM: To select the macroresin used for purification of total saponins of Polygala Fallax Hemsl. METHODS: The adsorption and desorption capability of five different macroresins LSA-7,LSA-10,LSA-30,D-101A and HPD-100 in static state were studied by UV. RESULTS: nonpolar LSA-30 and HPD-100 macroporus resin had the optimum comprehensive properties of adsorption and desorption. CONCLUSION: The experimental results provide the basis for selection of macroporus resins used to purify total saponins of Polygala Fallax Hemsl.

BACKGROUND:Patients with spinal metastases may appear different degrees of pain and abnormal spinal stability, and can be treated with percutaneous baloon kyphoplasty combined with bone cement implantation. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of percutaneous baloon kyphoplasty with bone cement implantation on spinal stability and pain in patients with spinal metastases. METHODS:Twenty-three patients with metastatic spinal tumor were treated with percutaneous baloon dilatation kyphoplasty with polymethyl methacrylate bone cement. There were 10 females and 13 males, and their age ranged from 23 to 71 years. The visual analogue scale score, anterior and posterior edge height of vertebral body, quality of life, and motor function score of patients were observed before and after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with before treatment, the visual analogue scale score and motor function score were significantly decreased, while anterior and posterior edge height of vertebral body were significantly increased in 23 patients at 24 hours after treatment (P < 0.05). After 12 months of folow-up, no case appeared to have spinal nerve root damage, serious adverse reactions and bone cement embolism. The patient'squality of life was significantly improved, compared with before treatment (P < 0.05). Experimental findings indicate that percutaneous baloon dilatation kyphoplasty with polymethyl methacrylate bone cement can significantly improve the spinal stability, relieve the degree of pain, and exert exact effects in treatment of spinal metastases.

To analyze and research the transformation of teaching thoughts,adjustment of professional teachers,renewal of teaching contents and so on,and establish the foundation for the revolution of professional English teaching in medical university under the new situation.

BACKGROUND: Ischemic osteonecrosis of femoral head can cause dysfunction of the patients and the most frequently advocated treatment for advanced osteonecrosis of femoral head is total hip arthroplasty. But the reason is unknown. A potential cause in patients with osteonecrosis of femoral head is abnormal cancellous bone in the proximal femur which is short of further investigation.OBJECTIVE: To probe into proximal femoral change of patients with ischemic osteonecrosis of the femoral head.DESIGN: A non-randomized concurrent controlled study based on the patients.SETTING: Department of Traumatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao UniversityPARTICIPANTS: This study was done at the Department of Traumatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University from September 1999 to May 2003. Eighteen patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head including 12 males and 6 females with the average age of (50 ± 5) years and eighteen patients with osteoarthritis of the hip attended including 10 males and 8 female with the average age of(62 ±3)years were involved in this study.METHODS: Histological examination of the femoral heads and cancellous bone biopsies from four regions of the proximal femur in 18 patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head following total hip arthroplasty was perforned. Eighteen patients with osteoarthritis were set as control group. All histological specimens were examined in a double-blinded fashion.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The femoral neck, the greater trochanter, the lesser trochanter, the necrosis scoring and necrosis positive rate of shaft of femur of the patients in the two groups.RESULTS: Extensive osteonecrosis was found in the proximal femur up to 4 cm below the lesser trochanter in the group with osteonecrosis. The osteonecrosis scoring was 82 and 16 in the osteonecrosis group and control group respectively and the osteonecrotic positive rate was 63.89% and 19.44% respectively, There was an overall statistically significant difference in the extent of osteonecrosis death in the proximal femur between the two groups ( P ＜ 0. 001 ).CONCLUSION: Bone change of proximal femur might be one of the reasons for the early failure of total hip replacement reported in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Animals ; Arteries ; drug effects ; physiology ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Epimedium ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Wistar

Tumor genesis and development often result from deregulation of important biological pathways at the gene expression level. Although there has been much work focused on searching gene sets using gene expression data or other prior information, proper statistical testing of the gene sets is still an open question. Most studies have expanded the testing method of a single gene into the gene sets. Parametric statistical analysis of gene sets ( p-SAGE ) was presented for determining the significant gene sets or pathways associated with a phenotype of interest. The method was applied to brain tumor experiments to identify many gene sets. Some of the newly discovered gene sets were related to signal transduction and immunity. This simple and effective method gives useful biologically meaningful results.

BACKGROUND: Various types of collagen affect differentiation and expression of chondrocytes in the process of tissue engineered culture for cartilage. The reliability of cartilage tissue engineering is determined by resource, structure and property of collagen.OBJECTIVE: To characterizing the structure of collagen type Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ, to clarify the structural characteristics of collagen for cartilage tissue repairing and provide guidance for choosing cartilage tissue engineering scaffolds. METHODS: The type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen was obtained from neonatal calf skins, and type Ⅱ collagen was obtained from porcine articular cartilage. The differences of structures of collagen type Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were analyzed and compared by FTIR, DSC, SDS-PAGE and picrosirius-red staining.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The neonatal calf collagen type Ⅰ,Ⅱ and porcine collagen type Ⅱ had the similar functional group. The thermal denaturation temperature of the three type collagen was 104.2 ℃, 99.7 ℃ and 92.5 ℃. SDS-PAGE analysis showed the collagen type Ⅲ percentage in collagen type Ⅰ was (11.29±0.91)%. Picrosirius-red staining exhibited that the collagen type Ⅰ was comprised red and orange raw fibers, with strongly birefringent. Collagen type Ⅲ was lax and thin, greenish fibers, but collagen type Ⅱ was red, loosely cancellated fibers. The functional groups and important characteristics of the three of collagen are similar. However, there are some differences in advanced structure. To analyze the relationships of collagen type Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ is important to choose and prepare scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering.

Objective To survey the current status of job stressor and exhaustion among nursing staff in the catheter room of grade Ⅲ-A general hospitals and to look for regularities.Methods 178 nursing staff coming from catheter room,operating room,and outpatient department of Shenzhou Hospital and Fengtian Hospital accepted questionnaires of Chinese Nursing Stressor Scale and Exhaustion Scale in Spring 2010.Results Chinese Nursing Stressor Scale indicated that scores of subitem and total score of job stressor in the catheter room were significantly higher than those in the outpatient department; however,there were no significant differences in scores of subitem and total score of job stressor between catheter room and operating room.On the other hand,Exhaustion Scale showed that scores of emotional exhaustion and job unconcerned feeling in the catheter room were significantly higher than those in the outpatient department,but scores of job achieved feeling in the catheter room were significantly lower than those in the outpatient department.There were no significant differences in Exhaustion Scale between catheter room and operating room nurses.Conclusions Job stressor and exhaustion were serious among nursing staff in the catheter room of grade Ⅲ-A general hospitals,which should cause the attention of management department.

This paper evaluates the quality of clinical literature on cupping therapy,analyzes the key factors that influencing the effects of cupping therapy,studies the operation position,tools,accompanied therapy,cupping,cupping frequency,course and other factors in the clinical application of cupping therapy,aiming to provide reference for clinical practice.