Acute leukemia is one of the most common cancers among children.The biological mechanisms leading to leukemia have not been fully clarified until now.Experiments were improved that most patients developing acute leukemia had abnormal chromosomes,including TEL/AML-l,BCR/ABL,PML/RAR-α fusion genes,which would be potential clinical biomarkers.Many genetic polymorphisms have effect on acute lymphoblastic leukemia susceptibility,which were containing genes involved in folate metabolism pathways,cytochrome P450,glutathione-S-transferase enzymes and quinone oxidoreductase-1.As the results of the studies,alcohol,tobacco,TNF-α and IFN-γ might be risk factors to the disease.Furthermore infection and IRF-3 were reported to reduce the occurrence of acute leukemia.Finally,as more is learned about the molecular pathology,it may be possible to develop new therapeutic agents which are specifically targeted to treat childhood acute leukemia.

Objective:To analyze the effect of first aid knowledge and skills training for women in poverty-stricken areas, and summarize the importance of first aid knowledge and skills for women in poverty-stricken families.Methods:By cluster sampling, 318 women from poverty-stricken families who participated in the vocational training class in Zhen’an County, Shaanxi Province were trained in first aid knowledge and skills. The mastery of first aid knowledge before and after the training was evaluated by questionnaire survey, and the mastery of first aid skills before and after the training was evaluated by on-site assessment.Results:After the theoretical training of women from poor families, the awareness rate ranked in the top five were fire, poisoning, burns, heatstroke and earthquake first aid measures, with a knowledge rate of 98.1%(312/318),96.5%(307/318), 95.3%(303/318), 93.4%(297/318), 91.8%(292/318), which were statistically different from the pre-training rate, 88.0%(280/318), 84.0%(267/318), 78.4%(249/318), 43.4%(138/318), 72.6%(231/318), ( χ2 value was 15.03-183.89, all P<0.01). The pass rate of post-training cardiopulmonary resuscitation, hemostatic, dressing, and carrying skills of poor family women were 69.8% (222/318) , 52.8% (168/318) , 50.0% (159/318) , 76.1% (242/318) , respectively, which were statistically different from pre-training, 1.3%(4/318), 2.2%(7/318), 1.9%(6/318), 6.9%(22/318), ( χ2 value was 191.57-326.19, all P<0.01). Conclusion:The effect of training on first aid knowledge and skills of women in poverty-stricken families is significant, and a long-term training mechanism can be established.

The medical image registration between preoperative three-dimensional (3D) scan data and intraoperative two-dimensional (2D) image is a key technology in the surgical navigation. Most previous methods need to generate 2D digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRR) images from the 3D scan volume data, then use conventional image similarity function for comparison. This procedure includes a large amount of calculation and is difficult to archive real-time processing. In this paper, with using geometric feature and image density mixed characteristics, we proposed a new similarity measure function for fast 2D-3D registration of preoperative CT and intraoperative X-ray images. This algorithm is easy to implement, and the calculation process is very short, while the resulting registration accuracy can meet the clinical use. In addition, the entire calculation process is very suitable for highly parallel numerical calculation by using the algorithm based on CUDA hardware acceleration to satisfy the requirement of real-time application in surgery.
Algorithms ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; X-Rays

Objective　To study the prognostic factors in cholangocarcinoma(CC). Methods　Retrospective analysis of the reported clinical data of CC in lectures. Results and Conclusions　The prognosis of CC in lower portion of bile duct(BD) is much better, CC in meddle portion of BD take the second place of prognosis, CC in upper portion of BD has the worst prognosis. If CC with following cases, which would have much better prognosis: higher differentiation without metastasis, diploid, higher PCNA; if CC with negative expression of epithelial membrane antigen or keratine, which would have worse prognosis. The activate of type IV collegen is related linearly to the metastasis capacity of the tumor, and the expression of nm23 of tumor is related to invation, lymphatic metastasis and prognosis of the tumor. Radical resection of the tumor has the best effect, palliative resection take the second place of prognosis, internal or external drainage operation has the worst effect. The effect of local radiotherapy is limited, and chemotherapy showes no effect. Early diagnosis, radical or extending resection and combined therapy can improve the prognosis of CC.

Objective:The purpose of this study was to assess the outcome of intestine fistula patients treated with home enteral nutrition(HEN) support before definitive operation.Methods:Fifty-eighty patients were divided into HEN support group and hospital enteral nutrition support group when their illness were stable and total enteral nutrition(TEN) were full resumed.All the patients were supervised by the members of nutrition support team.Days of TEN and hospital stay and medical cost was recorded.Plasma protein,body weight and body mass index were measured on the first day of full enteral nutriton and the day enteral nutrition was stop for operation preparation.Results:Nutritional status of the patients improved.There was no significant difference between two groups in nutritional status,complications and duration of TEN.The time patients in HEN group stayed at home was(61.11?27.71) d and in hospital(60.79?17.11) d.The cost in HEN group was less than that in hospital EN support group(140.21?61.2 vs 189.2?72.2 thousand Chinese dollar).Conclusion:Under the close supervise of nutrition support team,HEN is of the same safety and effect and can reduce the time of hospital-stay and medical cost when compared hospital EN.

Objective To study the effects of NEP1-40 on axon regeneration, motor function recovery of affected limbs and RhoA signal pathway in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats for exploring the possible mechanisms. Methods A total of 60 adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were equally divided into sham operation group (sham group), cerebral ischemia-reperfusion control group (control group), intra-lateral ventricle injection of PBS group (PBS group), and intra-lateral ventricle injection of NEP1-40 group (NEP1-40 group). The middle cerebral artery ischemia-reperfusion model (MCAI/R) was established by nylon monofilament occlusion method in rats. The changes in growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and RhoA expressions were determined by Western blotting technique. The motor function of affected limbs was tested by the "staircase test" of Montoya’s design. Results ① The expression of GAP-43 in NEP1-40 group was higher than that in the control and the PBS groups at 7 d and 14 d after MCAI/R, peaking at 7 d; ② The expression of RhoA in NEP1-40 group was significantly lower than that in the control and the PBS groups at each time point; ③ The results of "staircase test" in NEP1-40 group were much higher than those in the control group and the PBS groups at each time point after MCAI/R. Conclusion NEP1-40 can improve axon regeneration in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats and promote the recovery of motor function. The mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of RhoA signal pathway.

Superselective angiography and embolization is one of the important methods in the management of acute hemorrhage, providing mini-invasion and high efficacy, etc. The implication of angiography and embolization on bleeding were reviewed and the embolic agents as well as the interventional procedures were commented in this article.

Objective To study the regulative effect of angelica sinensis on cellular immune function in perioperative patients with obstructive jaundice. Methods Fourteen patients with obstructive jaundice were injected with angelica before and after operation for 14 days. The activity of IL-2 and the expression of IL-2R in lymphocytes in peripheral blood were measured, respectively. Results The activity of IL-2 and the expression of IL-2R decreased significantly in patients with obstructive jaundice (P

0.05). Conclusion: The IQ of children with epilepsy is lower than that of normal children .The epilepsy could impact the intelligence of children.