Objective To evaluate the role of autologous septal cartilage in nasal tip augmentation.Methods Under local anesthesia,nasal tip was exposed using a"bird-wing"incision.The hypertrophic tissue at the nasal tip was removed.Nasal septal cartilage(2 cm × 1 cm)was harvested.The cartilage was used to augment the nasal tip and nasal alar cartilage.Meanwhile,the cartilage was inserted between the nasal alar cartilages to elevate the nasal tip.Results Among 15 cases,13 were followed after operation.The shape of nasal tip improved at different level.The results were satisfying.Conclusion Compared with other materials,the autologous septal cartilage is an ideal material for nasal tip augmentation without rejection effect.

Objective To prepare an mRNA vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis virus(TBEV), verify its ability to produce virus-like particles(VLPs) in cells, and evaluate its immunogenicity in mice.Methods The gene sequence containing Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV) signal peptide, TBEV premature membrane glycoprotein(prM) and E protein was designed. The plasmids were constructed according to the sequence, and corresponding mRNA was synthesized by in-vitro transcription. The mRNA was transfected into HEK293T cells and then measured for the expression in cells by Western blot,and detected for the ability to self-assemble into VLPs in cells by electron microscopy. The mRNA lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)were prepared by Nano Assembler system, and the particle size and distribution of LNPs were measured. Female BALB/c mice were immunized by intramuscular injection at dosages of 2 and 10 μg mRNA vaccine respectively, 6 mice in each group, and the negative control group(PBS) was set. One week after booster immunization, orbital blood samples were collected and separated for serum. The binding antibody levels were detected by ELISA, and the neutralizing antibody levels were detected by plaque reduction assay.Results After mRNA transfection into HEK293T cells, a single band was found at the relative molecular mass of about 55 000, which was consistent with the theoretical relative molecular mass of E protein.Under electron microscope, spherical particles with a diameter of about 50 nm were observed, and there were obvious spikes on the surface. The average particle size of mRNA LNPs vaccine was 124. 4 nm and the polymer dispersity index(PDI) was0. 049. Compared with the negative control group, the levels of binding antibody and neutralizing antibody induced by 2 and10 μg mRNA significantly increased(t = 12. 4 and 10. 8, 19. 7 and 12. 0, respectively, each P < 0. 001).Conclusion A TBEV mRNA vaccine capable of producing VLPs in cells was successfully prepared, which demonstrated good immunogenicity in mice, providing experimental basis for the development of new generation TBEV vaccine in combination using of VLPs technology and mRNA technology.

rebrovascular diseases.

Since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy(ART),the lifespan and quality of life of patients infected with HIV have been significantly improved.But treatment efficacy was compromised eventually by the development of resistance to antiretroviral drugs,and more new anti-HIV drugs with lower toxicity and higher activity were needed.Based on the experience and lessons learned from the treatment in the developed countries,US FDA suggested that more pharmacodynamical researches should be considered ahead of the clinical trials.To facilitate the anti-HIV drug research and development,we reviewed a few specialized issues that should be focused on drug evaluations in vitro,including: 1)Mechanism of action studies,demonstrating the candidate drug's efficacy to specifically inhibit viral replication or a virus-specific function and confirm the drug target.2)Drug resistance studies,selecting the drug-resistant variants in vitro and determining the activities inhibiting HIV isolates resistant to approved antiretroviral drugs of the same class.3)Antiviral activity in vitro in the presence of serum proteins,ascertaining whether an investigational product is significantly bound by serum proteins.4)Combination activity analysis,evaluating in vitro antiviral activity of an investigational product in two-drug combinations with other drugs approved.

Objective To compare the effect of noninvasive ventilation (nasal continuous positive airway pressure ventilation,-NCPAP) and nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation,-NIPPV) and invasive ventilation (i.e.,mechanical ventilation,CMV) combined with pulmonary surfactant (PS) in the treatment of Ⅰ ～ Ⅲ level in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS).Methods 81 cases with Ⅰ ～ Ⅲ level in NRDS were selected.40 cases in invasive group was given CMV combined with PS therapy.41 cases in noninvasive group was given noninvasive ventilation combined with PS therapy.The changes of blood gas,cure rate,complications,duration of oxygen therapy,hospitalization expenses and time were compared between the two groups.Results 1 hour after treatment,clinical symptoms were obviously improved in the two groups.6 hours,12 hours,weaning of blood gas analysis of two groups to maintain arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) better and showed an upward trend,arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) was decreased,while the two groups before and after treatment had no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05).The cure rate of noninvasive group was 95.0％,that in invasive group was 92.5 ％,the difference between the two groups was not significant (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the invasive group,the infection rate of lung,the incidence rate of chronic lung disease in noninvasive group were significantly lower (22.0％ vs 65.0％、14.6％ vs 37.5 ％,x2 =6.243,6.021,all P ＜ 0.01),the duration of oxygen therapy,time of hospitalization in the noninvasive group were significantly shorter (t =3.092,3.070,P ＜ 0.05),and the hospital costs was relatively low (t =3.791,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Noninvasive ventilation combined with PS in the treatment of Ⅰ ～ Ⅲ level NRDS is safe,efficient,relative economic,it is worthy of popularization,especially in primary hospital.

OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of two laboratory detections methods of Epstein-Barr virns (EBV). METHODS Immuno-fluorescence technique was applied to detect the serum EBV-specific antibody and EBV-DNA was identified by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) in 124 children infected with EBV. RESULTS The positive rates of VCA-IgM,VCA-IgG,EA-IgG,EBNA-1-IgG and EB-DNA in various samples of 124 cases were 0,89.5%,23.4%,49.2% and 30.3%,respectively,with 21 cases (16.9%) showing simultaneously positive in EB-DNA and EBNA-1-IgG. CONCLUSIONS The two laboratory detections of EBV share their advantages and disadvantages. FQ-PCR is a method for time-saving,accurate and sensitive detection of EBV-DNA,showing clinical significance in the diagnosis of EBV-associated diseases. It's worthy of clinic application.

Objective To explore the effect of narrow band imaging on the clinical outcomes of patients with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia in gastric mucosa.MethodsFrom June 2006 to June 2016, 96 patients of gastric high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia were enrolled in the study. All patients were divided into control group and observation group using a random number table method, 48 cases in each. In control group, patients were treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection treatment, while in observation group, patients were treated with narrowband imaging combined with endoscopic submucosal dissection treatment. The operation time, pathological type and occurrence of complications of the two groups were compared.Results The operation time, positive margin rates in observation group were lower than that in control group, while tumor diameter, one en bloc resection rate and curative resection rate was higher, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Pathological type: observation group includes 27 cases of HGIN, 15 cases of focal HGIN and 6 cases of high-moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma;while in control group, including 1 case of LGIN, 33 cases of HGIN, 11 cases of focal HGIN and 3 cases of high-differentiated adenocarcinoma patients, the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Overall incidence of complications in observation group and control group were 6.25% and 22.92% respectively; which shown observation group has significantly lower rate than control group, the difference was statistically.Conclusion Narrow-band imaging combined with endoscopy in the treatment of gastric neoplasia in patients with high-grade intraepithelial lesions can significantly improve the cure rate and complete resection en bloc resection rate, shorten the operation time, reduce the incidence of complications.

Screening and diagnosis of early colorectal cancer(CRC)can reduce CRC mortality and improve overall survival. Currently,the major screening methods for early CRC include fecal occult blood test(FOBT)and colonoscopy. FOBT exhibits low sensitivity with high false positive rate,while the gold standard -- colonoscopy is invasive and with low compliance. Therefore,a convenient and effective screening and diagnostic method for early CRC is urgently needed. Plasma SEPT9 gene methylation assay is a new non-invasive screening and diagnostic method for early CRC used clinically in recent years,it exhibits high accuracy,and is convenient for mass screening and diagnosis of early CRC. This article reviewed the research progress and diagnostic value of plasma SEPT9 gene methylation assay for CRC.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of verapamil on the i schemic random skin flaps. MethodsThe dorsal random skin flap s of Wistar rats were raised (length/width=6/1). Verapamil was injected under th e flaps at the dose of 25mg/kg after the operations. Seven days later, the necro sis rate, the content of molondialehyde (MDA) in middle segment and the microsco pic observation were studied. ResultsThe necrosis rates were 1 5.9 % in verapamil group and 21.8 % in control group. The content of MDA in midd le segment of verapamil group was 164.8 nmol/L, and that in control group was 19 5.8 nmol/L. The difference was very significant. Under the microscope, the tissu e inflammatory reactions in the experiment group were not so severe as that in t he control group. ConclusionVerapamil improves the survival of the ischemic random skin flaps and it is applicable to give verapamil by subcut aneous injection.

BACKGROUND:Compared with the titanium with smooth surface, TiO2 nanotubes are more beneficial for the early cel adhesion. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of the effect of TiO2 nanotubes on peri-implant cel s. METHODS:A computer-based retrieval of CNKI, CqVip, WanFang and PubMed databases was performed for pertinent literatures published between 1990 to 2016, using the Chinese keywords of“TiO2 nanotubes or titanium dioxide nanotubes and implant”, and English keywords of“TiO2 nanotubes implant, Tio2 nanotubes cel”. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The main factors that TiO2 nanotubes affect the peri-implant cel behaviors include the tubular morphology, size, TiO2 crystal structure, as wel as surface chemical compositions, roughness and hydrophilicity and free energy. The influence factors of TiO2 nanotubes for cel s are not only related to the tube diameter, but also associated with cel types. Different cel types hold different diameters suitable for the cel adhesion, proliferation and differentiation on the material surface. Therefore, it is advisable to select the best nanotube size for different tissues and cel s applied in different biomedical fields.