OBJECTIVE: To investigate the current situation of early diagnosis and intervention in 0-9 months old infants with hearing loss and analysis factors that will affect early diagnosis and intervention. METHOD: One hundred and eighty-six infants referred to the West China hospital from February 2014 to September 2014 were included. All 186 children were referred due to the fact that either they failed infant hearing screening or outer ear malformation. Early diagnosis and/or intervention were performed on those 186 children and their records of early diagnosis and intervention were analyzed. RESULT: Among the 186 infants, 167 (89.8%) were diagnosed with an average age at (4.0 ± 1.4) months. Among the 167 infants with final diagnosis, there were 31 (18.6%) infants diagnosed as conductive hearing loss (CHL), and 99 cases (59.3%) diagnosed as sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), among whom, there were 75 (44.9%) bilateral SNHL and 24 (14.4%) unilateral SNHL. There were 2 cases (1.20%) with SNHL on one side and atresia on the other side. 5 (2.99%) of all conductive hearing loss cases with unilateral atresia and 2 cases with auditory neuropathy (AN) were found. 33 infants (19.8%) were found to have normal hearing. 30.7% (23/75) infants diagnosed as bilateral SNHL and 8.3% (2/24) infants diagnosed as unilateral SNHL were fitted with hearing aids. The fitting rate in infants with bilateral SNHL with mild, moderate, severe to profound degrees were 0 (0/23), 24.0% (6/25), 66.7% (6/9), 61.1% (11/18) respectively. The average intervention age was (5.0 ± 2.1) months. CONCLUSION Although the early diagnosis and intervention situation in this study are very close to international standard, there are still infants without final diagnosis and infants with hearing loss without hearing aid fitting. Further studies and efforts to promote early diagnosis and intervention in infants with hearing loss are needed.
China ; Deafness ; Early Diagnosis ; Hearing Aids ; Hearing Loss, Bilateral ; Hearing Loss, Central ; Hearing Loss, Conductive ; diagnosis ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; diagnosis ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn

A strain of resistance to copper and cadmium with high concentration, named NTG-01, was isolated from soils of DaYe county mineral area in HuBei province. It can resist copper of 4.5mmol/L and cadmium of 2mmol/L , so we can say that it is a important strain used to study the resistance mechanism of copper and cadmium. A series of morphological and biochemical characteristics and sequences analysis of 16S rDNA reveal that it belongs to the bacteria and is gram negative, short rod, flagella around, the size of bacteria is about 0.8?m?2.0?m , V-P result shows positive, methyl-red result displays negative, and glucose can be utilized to produce acid and gas; In addition to, we find that it has the percent 99 homologous to Enterobacteraerogenes by 16S rDNA sequences BLAST analysis, plus the results of morphological and biochemical parameters, it belongs to Enterobacteraerogenes. We can conclude that NTG-01 has higher resistance to many different heavy metals by measuring MICs values of nine heavy metals at last.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between damages of visual field and retinal nerve fibre layer(RNFL)thickness in primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)with high myopia.Design Retrospective,case-controlled study.Participants POAG group with high myopia(21 eyes of 17 cases),POAG group with non-high myopia(17 eyes of 16 cases),high myopia group without POAG(25 eyes of 20 cases)and normal control group(19 eyes of 17 cases).Methods The static central visual fields were tested with Humphrey 750 automated perimetry and thickness of RNFL was measured with optical coherent tomography(OCT).Main Outcome Measures Mean deviation(MD),pattern standard deviation(PSD)and mean sensitivity at upper,lower,nasal and temporal quadrants in total deviation probability plots.Thickness of RNFL at upper,lower,nasal and temporal quadrants.Results There were more obvious general depression of sensitivity in total deviation probability plots of the early POAG with high myopia than those of POAG without high myopia,and the early visual field defects of glaucoma in pattern deviation probability plots of this group.MD of POAG with high myopia was more than those of others(P＜0.05).The differences of MD,PSD and mean sensitivity between POAG with high myopia and others were significant(P＜0.05).Mean sensitivities in each quadrant of POAG without high myopia were similar to those of high myopia(P＞0.05).The thickness of RNFL of POAG with high myopia was thinner than those of others and the thickness of RNFL of normality was thicker than that of others.The correlationship between mean sensitivity and the thickness of RNFL in each quadrant was significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Pattern deviation probability plots is an important favor for judgement of the visual field changes in POAG with high myopia.The relationship between RNFL thickness with OCT and visual field damage may provide clinically relevant information in diagnosis of POAG with high myopia

Fatal Outcome ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Leukemia ; blood ; congenital ; diagnosis ; Leukocyte Count ; Male

Aim: To establish an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of norfloxacin,ofloxacin,pefloxacin,ciprofloxacin,lomefloxacin,danofloxacin,enrofloxacin,sarafloxacin and difloxacin in eggs using solid-phase extraction-LC-MS/MS.Methods: Egg samples were deproteinized with acetonitrile,followed by defatting with hexane.Then the samples were processed by solid-phase extraction and analyzed by LC-MS/MS using an electrospray source.The separation was carried out on a Shimadzu Shim-pack VP-ODS C_(18) column,with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid(13: 87).Results: The validated method was proved to be of high specificity,accuracy and sensitivity.Conclusion: The established method is suitable for the routine residual monitoring of fluoroquinolones.

Age Factors ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; P-Selectin ; blood ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex ; analysis

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathologic features in patients of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) with peripheral nerve abnormality.Methods We collected clinical data of 6 patients with MPA that was confirmed by immunological,pathological and clinical findings.Electroneurophysiologic examinations and sural nerve biopsies were performed in these patients.Two normal controls were included in these studies.Results All of 6 patients developed asymmetric polyneuropathies.Electrodiagnostic studies showed reduced amplitudes of the sensory nerve action potential and compound motor action potential with mild impaired conductive velocities.The patients presented vasculitis changes with cell infiltration by monocytes and lymphocytes.Sural nerve biopsies found loss of myelinated fibers in all of the patients indicating axonal degeneration.Some of them associated with regeneration clusters of myelinated fibers.Conclusions Asymmetric neuropathy with sensory nerve injuries is the mainfeature in the MPA associated polyneuropathy.Electrodiagnostic examination indicated axonal lesions in mononeuritis multiplex.Sural nerve biopsies confirmed the active axonal lesions and vasculitis.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of fat infiltration into the muscles of patients with Becker and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) so as to provide a guide for rehabilitation therapy.Methods Twenty-three children with Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) and 47 with DMD who had never been treated with glucocorticoids were enrolled.MRI was performed on both of their thigh muscles.T1 weighted images were used to assess the fat infiltration of their thigh muscles using a 0-5 modified version of Mercuri's scale.The progression of fatty infiltration of the thigh muscles in BMD was analyzed using descriptive statistics.The differences in fat infiltration between BMD and DMD were analyzed using rank sum tests.Results In patients with BMD the adductor magnus most often showed severe fat infiltration,followed by the biceps femoris,quadriceps,semimembranosus and semitendinosus,while the sartorius,gracilis and adductor longus had the lowest percentages of severe fat infiltration.Among the BMD patients the adductor magnus,biceps femoris and quadriceps showed moderate to severe involvement at the age of 8 to 9.The semimembranosus and semitendinosus showed moderate to severe involvement at the age of 10 to 11,and the sartorius,gracilis and adductor longus showed mild to moderate involvement after 15 years of age.Among the age groups of 8,9,10 and 11 years old,the median total fat infiltration scores were 10,22,28 and 25 respectively among the BMD patients,and 29,34,34 and 30 respectively among the DMD patients.At age 8 significant differences between the BMD and DMD patients were observed in the infiltration scores of the adductor magnus,biceps femoris,vastus lateralis,rectus femoris,vastus medialis,vastus intermedius and in the total scores.At age 9 significant differences persisted in the scores of the adductor magnus,rectus femoris,vastus medialis,vastus intermedius and the total scores.Conclusions The muscle MRIs showed significant differences in the degree of fatty infiltration between BMD and DMD patients.These findings may be useful when designing therapeutic regimens and rehabilitation programs for patients with BMD and DMD.

Objective It has been shown that adult brain is still capable of neurogenesis which can beinhibited by activation of NMDA receptor.Since lidocaine can inhibit NMDA-mediated excitatoryueurotransmission,we aimed to investigate the interaction between lidocaine and NMDA on the proliferation ofpheochromocytoma cells which are used as a model for central neuronal cells.Methods The PC 12 ceils culturedin vitro were divided into 6 groups:(1)control group,cultured in normal DMEM complete nutrient liquidmedium;(2)NMDA group,cultured in DMEM containing 400 ?mol?L~(-1) NMDA;(3)-(6)lidocaine group,cultured in DMEM medium containing 400 ?mol L~(-1) NMDA and 10,10~2,10~3 or 10~4 ?mol?L~(-1) lidocaine.After 5day incubation,the cell cycle progression was analysed using a flow cytometer.The percentage of cells in S-phase(S-phase fraction,SPF)was determined and proliferation activity(cells in S+G_2 phase/cells in M-phase)wascalculated.Results NMDA 400 ?mol?L~(-1) significantly decreased the SPF of PC12 cells in group 2 compared tocontrol group,and proliferation activity(S+G_2 phase/M-phase)was also significantly reduced(P0.05).The SPF of PC12 cell ingroup 3 and 6(10 and 10~4 ?mol?L~(-1) lidocaine)was also significantly higher than that in NMDA group butsignificantly lower than that in control group.Conclusion NMDA inhibits proliferation of PC12 cells whilelidocaine can antagonize the inhibitory effect of NMDA and promotes proliferation and differentiation of centralneuronal cells.

Objective:To determine the risk factor for early stage atherosclerosis in elderly patients with impaired glucose tolerance(IGT).Methods:One hundred patients were divided into 2 groups,experimental group(IGT,n=50)and control group(NGT,n=50).Patients in both groups underwent high-frequency Doppler echocardiography to evaluate intima-media thickness(IMT)of carotid artery and flow-mediated diastolic function(FMD)of brachial artery,which was indicated by diastolic inner diameter changing rate(D %).The values were measured in both groups of including body height,body weight,waist line,hip line,blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose(FPG),two hours plasma glucose(2hPG),fasting insulin(FINS),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein-cbolesterel(HDL-C),high sensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),nitrogen monoxidum(NO),body mass index(BMl),waist-to-hip ratios(WHR),and insulin resistance index with homeostasis model(HOMA-IR).The association between all of the parameters and IMT,and the risk factors for the carotid artery were analysed in IGT group.Results:The values of BMI,WHR,2hPG,TG,LDL-C,hs-CRP,FINS and IMT of carotid artery were significantly increased in IGT group compared with those of the NGT group.Conversely,NO,HOMA-IR and D% were significantly decreased in IGT group than those of NGT group(P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).There was positive correlation between carotid-IMT and the age,BMI,WHR,2hPG,TC,LDL-C,hs-CRP and HOMA-IR in IGT group(P ＜0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Inversely,there was negative correlation between carotid-IMT with D% in IGT group(P ＜ 0.01).The risk factors for carotid-IMT were age,WHR,HOMA-IR and D%.Conclusion:Elderly patients with IGT have already had risk factors for early stage atherosclerosis,including age,concentric obesity,insulin resistance,and impaired endothelial function.