Objective To analyze the antibiotic phenotype of Pseudomonas aeruginosas that were isolated from pleural samples in our hosptial and test relative genes that may cause antibiotic resistance in order to provide information for clinical treatment . Methods BioMerieux Bact/ALERT 3D 120 blood culture system was used to culture pleural samples .Simens MicroScan Walk‐Away 96 was employed for bacterial identification and susceptibility test .Imipenem‐EDTA double disk method was used for screen‐ing MBL‐producing isolates .PCR was used for testing OprD ,VIM and IMP .Results 14 of 38 Pseudomonas aeruginosas isolates showed resistance to Imipenem and 2 were with multi‐resistance .4 isolates produced MBL .Only two were found lack of OprD gene among the 14 isolates ,and IMP and VIM genes were detected in 2 isolates .Conclusion The Pseudomonas aeruginosas from pleural infection show relative higher resistant rate to Imipenem ,and the exsiting mechanisms of Imipenem resistance included MBL (VIM and IM P genes) and lack of OprD .

Objective To develop a method for determination of catechins and alkaloids in brick-tea by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with diode array detection(DAD),and to explore optimum extraction conditions for catechins and alkaloids components in brick-tea.Methods Catechins and alkaloids were separated and detected by HPLC.Orthogonal experiment and paired t test was carried out to compare the effect of water and alcohol as extraction solvents and to obtain optimum extraction conditions for extracting catechins and alkaloids components in brick-tea.Results Six kinds of catechins of catechin,epicatechin,gallocatechin,epigallocatechin,epicatechin gallate,epigallocatechin gallate and two kinds of alkaloids of caffeine and theobromine were separated and detected simultaneously.Calibration curves between peak areas and concentration of each component in bricktea were linear within a suitable concentration range,and coefficients of determination (R2) were between 0.9990-0.9999; spiked recoveries were from 83.78％ to 106.35％,and relative standard deviations(RSD) were between 0.50％-1.51％.The optimum extraction condition for catechins and alkaloids was 80％ ethanol,solid-liquid ratio of 1:10,temperature 80 ℃ and extraction time 30 min.Conclusion Alcohol as extraction solvents with optimal combination on HPLC,six kinds of catechins and two kinds of alkaloids are separated accurately,qualitatively,rapidly and sensitively.

Objective To elucidate the mechanotransduction pathways and gene expression in osteoblasts in response to fluid-induced shear stress in hope to be applied in tissue engineering.Methods Osteoblastic MG63 cells were exposed to shear stress of 12 dynes/cm2 for the designated times and their activations of MAPK(i.e., ERK,JNK,and P38)were examined by western blotting.The expressions of bone formation-related genes,in- cluding COX-2,Egr-1,c-fos,and OPN,were detected by RT-PCR.Results We found that shear stress induced phosphorylation of ERK,JNK,and P38 MAPK,and expressions of bone formation-related genes,including COX-2, Egr-1,c-los,and OPN.Conclusions Shear stress can turn on the signal transduetion and enhance bone forma- tion-related gene expression in osteoblasts.This phenomenon may imply that shear stress can be applied in tissue engineering.

BACKGROUND: With the improvement of artificial joint materials, continuous consummation of prothesis design and the maturity of total knee replacement (TKR), excellent effects has been achieved in treatment of serious rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis with TKR. At present, it is generally thought in China and abroad that staged rehabilitative treatment of step by step should be conducted as early as possible after TKR, which can promote the recovery of patient's knee joint function, and enable patients to freely care themselves so as to enhance their qualities of life.OBJECTIVE: To explain the rehabilitative treatment after TKR and relevant researches.DATA SOURCES: A computer based search of Medline database for relevant articles from January 1998 to August 2005 were conducted with the key words of "total knee replacement, rehabilitation, therapy" and the language was limited to English. Meanwhile, Chinese journal full-text database and Wanfang database were retrieved for relevant Chinese papers from January 1990 to December 2004 with the key words of "total knee replacement, rehabilitation, therapy".STUDY SELECTION: Data were checked in the first trial, accepting criteria:①Items, procedures, process and announcements in the rehabilitative treatment after TKR. ② Retrospective investigations about specific cases. Exclusive criteria: repetitive researches.DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 37 literatures in accordance with above requirements were retrieved and 22 repetitive researches were excluded.Fifteen articles were in accordance with the inclusive criteria: 3 were reviews about TKR and relevant rehabilitative treatment, 8 were clinical researches related to rehabilitative treatment after TKR, 4 were analyzing researches on relevant factors of rehabilitative treatment after TKR. Besides,there were 3 other relevant monographs.DATA SYNTHESIS: Rehabilitative treatment was extremely important to the clinical effects of TKR, which was the key reason why anticipated effects could be achieved after TKR. Exercise for power, training of motion of joint, proprioceptive sensation training and gait training were the most important contents of postoperative rehabilitation treatment. Comprehensive rehabilitative training was essential to maximum recovery of knee joint function including various agonistic muscle training plus extending and flexing power of knee joint; continuous passive training of motion of knee joint in early period plus motion of joint; proprioceptive sensation training in amelioration of motor controllability, postural rectification and balance-keep capability and gait training in correction of abnormal gait.CONCLUSION: Staged rehabilitative treatment of step by step after TKR should be conducted as early as possible, which is absolutely important to exercise for power, training of motion of joint, proprioceptive sensation training, gait training and promotion of functional recovery of knee joints in patients.

OBJECTIVE:To summarize the types of esophageal stent implantation and explore the clinical application and complications following esophageal stent implantation.METHODS:A computer-based online search of VIP database (http://www.cqvip.com/) was performed for articles about clinical application of esophageal stent implantation,published between January 1998 and October 2009,with the key words "esophageal stent,indication,complication".The data were collected,and the references were reviewed.Inclusion criteria:Type of esophageal stent;clinical application and complications following esophageal stent implantation.Exclusion criteria:repetitive studies.A total of 22 articles were finally included.RESULTS:Esophageal stent implantation as a novel technique has become an important approach for innocent or malignant esophageal stenosis,as well as orificium fistulae.The metal stent with no cover,partially covered stent and fully-covered stent have effectively cure esophageal diseases.However,patients suffer from the complications,such as chest pain,bleeding and perforation,gastroesophageal reflux,stent dislocation or shedding,and restenosis.Reduction of complications can improve quality of life of the patients.CONCLUSION:There are various types of esophageal stents.Therefore,appropriate selection of type,size,and characteristics of stent according to different disease condition,and accurate operation may minimize incidence of complications.

Purpose:To study the efficacy and toxicity of g emcitabine/cisplatin(GP) and gemcitabine/carboplatin(GC) in patients with advanc ed non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods:patients for GP: gemcitabine 1 000 mg/m 2,days 1 a nd 8 plus cisplatin 30 mg/m 2 days 1-3 or GC:gemcitabine 1 000 mg/m 2 , days 1 and 8 plus carboplatin AUC=5 day 1. Cycles were repeated every 3 weeks. Results:54 patients to GP and 52 to GC. The objective response rate(CR+PR)was 48.1% for GP and 44.2% for GC. No significant differences between arms were observed in response rate. No significant differences between arms we re observed in median time to progression(6.8 months GP, 6.2 months GC).GP arm h ad a remarkably higher incidence of grade nausea/vomiting Ⅲ-Ⅳ than GC arm(P

Purpose:This report evaluate whether the single-agent therapy with vinorelbine (V group) may obtain a high response rate, with acceptable toxicity and improvement in survival and quality of life, comparing with the therapy with Kanglaite (a traditional Chinese medicine) (K group) and other supportive care among elderly patients.Methods:Forty patients with advanced NSCLC were included,20 of whom were allocated to receive continual infusional NVB 7.5mg/m 2 /24hr delivered via a central venous line on days 1-5, and NVB 7.5mg /m 2 was given as a 20 min intravenous infusion on days 1 every 3 weeks; 20 of whom were allocated to receive infusional Kanglaite 200 ml on days 1-20 every month. Patients received a minimum of two courses unless progressive disease was detected. Results:V group: CR 0,PR 7,CR+PR 35%(7/20), median survival time was 7.2 months and projected 1-year survival was 25%; K group:CR 0,PR2,CR+PR 10%(2/20),median survival time was 4.8 months and projected 1-year survival was 5%. Conclusions:In elderly patients with NSCLC, single-agent vinorelbine treatment is associated with better effective,better survival and improved quality of life than Kanglaite .Its toxicity is mild and acceptable.

AIM: To investigate the possible impact of conductive keratoplasty(CK)on intraocular pressure( IOP ).METHODS: 36 eyes of 20 patients with hyperopia underwent IOP measurement with non-contact tonometer (NCT), Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) and Schiotz tonometer before and after CK.RESULTS: After CK, a significant decrease was observed by NCT, GAT and Schiotz measurements. The change in IOP readings was not correlated with age, sex,keratometric readings, or attempted correction.CONCLUSION: The applanation tonometer atend to underestimate the true IOP after CK.

Objective To assess the prevalence and related factors of postpartum depression in mothers of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Methods A total of 83 mothers who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were investigated by using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the comprehensive questionnaire for mothers of preterm infants in NICU,and the analysis was performed on SPSS 13.0 using the Spearman correlation analysis and Logistic regression analysis.Results Among the 83 mothers,38 got the EPDS score of 10 and above,which accounted for 45.78％ (38/83).The disease severity (OR =3.318,P ＜ 0.01),the worry about disease prognosis (OR =4.348,P ＜0.01),the worry about mental development of the newborn (OR =5.420,P ＜ 0.01) were the risk factors for postpartum depression in mothers of preterm infants in NICU.Conclusions It's different from the correlation to postpartum depression in mothers of full-term newborns,the correlation to postpartum depression in mothers of preterm infants in NICU are closely related to premature and admission in NICU.The mothers of preterm infants in NICU are the high-risk population for postpartum depression.Routine screening mechanism for mothers of preterm infants should be established for early detection and treatment of postpartum depression,and to promote maternal and infant health.

Objective To investigate the timing for delivery in twin pregnancies to improve the perinatal outcome. Methods A multicentered and retrospective study was conducted on 655 women with twin pregnancies in 6 hospitals of Shanghai from Jan 1993 to Oct 2003. The average birthweight(BW) for both twins in different gestation, the incidence of small for gestational age (SGA) and severe neonatal asphyxia were analyzed. Results For the smaller babies in all twins, the 50 percentile of the birth weight was far behind the singletons throughout the pregnancy. But for the larger babies, it was similar to the singletons if delivered before 33 weeks, lighter than the singletons if after 33 weeks and remarkable difference was shown beyond 39 weeks. The largest BW of the larger babies was 3073 g presented at 39 weeks, while 2670 g for the smaller babies at 40 weeks after which the average BW was decreased. It reached 2555 g and 2303 g at 41 weeks for the larger and smaller babies, respectively (P