Objective To study the chemical constituents from the acetone extract in the root of Tibetan medicine Euphorbia wallichii. Methods The constituents were separated by column chromatography with silica gel and purified by Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were identified on the basis of spectral analysis such as IR, HRESIMS, HRSIMS, and 1D-and 2D-NMR techniques ( 1H- 1H COSY , HMQC, HMBC). Results Six compounds were isolated from the acetone extract in the root of E. wallichii. Their structures were identified as lanosterol (Ⅰ), ingenol-20-myristinate (Ⅱ), ingenol-3-myristinate (Ⅲ), acid (Ⅳ), 1-O-?-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→6)-?-D-glucopyranosyl-3, 7-dimethyl-oct-2-en-7-ol (Ⅴ), 1-O-galloyl-?-D-glucose (Ⅵ) . Conclusion Ingenane diterpene esters ingenol-20-myristinate (Ⅱ) and ingenol-3-myristinate (Ⅲ) are new compounds and other compounds are found from this plant for the first time. It is the first time that monoterpene disaccharide glycoside, compound Ⅴ, is isolated from the plants of Euphorbia L.

As a non-invasive examination method, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) has huge potential in detecting neoplastic epithelial lesion.With AS-OCT, detection and differentiation of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) within ocular surface pathologies can be achieved and the diagnosis rate is comparable to that of biopsy.With the development of technology, AS-OCT imaging mode has developed from time-domain OCT to spectral-domain OCT with higher penetrance and resolution, the high-quality images of which are helpful to distinguish the benign and malignant OSSN, enhance the detection rate of OSSN, improve the differentiation of ocular surface tumors, and thus improve the diagnostic accuracy of OSSN.In addition, AS-OCT can help optimize the treatment regimen and effectively monitor the outcome of the disease in the clinical management stage, such as monitoring the recurrence of OSSN and evaluating chemotherapy.In this article, the morphological features of OSSN, the advantages and disadvantages of OSSN auxiliary examinations, the development of AS-OCT, the specific manifestation of OSSN on AS-OCT, the application of OCT in atypical OSSN, as well as the value and limitation of AS-OCT in the diagnosis and management of OSSN were reviewed.

Objective To investigate the influence of different hemodialysis modes on serum levels of beta 2 microspheres , leptin and hemoglobin(Hb) in the patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and to analyze its safety .Methods Sixty inpatients with CRF in our hospital from January 2014 to January 2015 were selected as the research subjects and divided into the common he‐modialysis group (common HD groups) ,hemodialysis filtration group(HDF group) and the common hemodialysis plus hemoperfu‐sion group(HD+ HP group) according to different treatment methods .The levels of serum leptin ,beta 2 microspheres (β2‐MG) , Hb and erythropoietin (EPO) were measured .The occurrence rates of adverse reactions were observed .The living quality was eval‐uated and conducted the comparative analysis .Results Compared with before hemodialysis ,the levels of serum leptin and β2‐MG levels after the first time of hemodialysis and 6‐month hemodialysis in the three groups were decreased ,moreover the levels in the HD+ HP group were the lowest ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05) ;compared with the common HD group , the levels of Hb and EPO after the first time of hemodialysis and 6‐month hemodialysis in the HDF group and HD+ HP group were increased ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05);the incidence rate of complications after hemodialysis in the HD +HP group was lower than that in the common HD group and the HDF group ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05);the living quality scores of each item after hemodialysis in the HDF group and HD + HP group were superior to those in the common HD group ,moreover the living quality scores in each item in the HD + HP group were higher ,the differences were statisti‐cally significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Adopting the HP therapy in the patients with CRF can better reduce the levels of blood leptin andβ2‐MG without affecting the Hb level ,moreover with low occurrence rate of complications ,and the patient′s living quali‐ty is significantly improved after treatment .

【Objective】 To explore and analyze on the factors that influence the returning of plateletpheresis donors. 【Methods】 A total of 1 302 plateletpheresis donors, selected from 2014 to 2020 in the blood center, were followed up for 1 year, and their re-donations were recorded. The data of factors were analyzed through Univariate analysis and Logistic regression on statistical software. 【Results】 From 2014 to 2020, there were 1 302 donors participated first-time plateletpheresis donation, including 1070 males and 232 females, aged 18-55 years old, with an average age (28.69±12.90) of years old. As to the education level, 539 cases were junior high school education level and below, 435 cases senior school or technical secondary school education level, and 328 cases junior college education level and above. Within the 1 302 first-time platelet donors, 16 developed adverse reactions to blood donation. 455 donors donated one dose, and 847 cases donated two doses. 506 were public or permanent employed, and 796 were unemployed. 1 267 were ethnic Hans and 35 were ethnic minorities. 21.81%(284/1 302) returned to donate within one year. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, educational level, whether suffered adverse reactions during the first-time donation, doses of donation, ethnicity and occupations all affected the returning of plateletpheresis donors. 【Conclusion】 Plateletpheresis donors with younger age, lower education level, unemployed status, ethnic minorities, no adverse reactions occurring during the first-time donation, and donation history of two doses are more likely to return to donate.

AIM:To study the protective effects of (E)-3-(4-(2-(dimethylamino) ethoxyl)-3-anisyl) acrylic acid(DEAAA) on focal cerebral ischemia of rats. METHODS:Middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) model was used to evaluate the drug's effects. With Ozagrel as a positive control drug,after cerebral ischemia,the effect of different doses of DEAAA on the neurological behaviors,the cerebral water volumes,the cerebral infarction areas,the cerebral biochemistry and the pathologic change of brains were evaluated. RESULTS:DEAAA (30,18 mg/kg) decreased the cerebral water volumes and the cerebral infarction areas(P

Objective To assess the long term effects of combined oral contraceptive pills use on the mean of serum TG, TC, HDL C, LDL C, ApoA1, ApoB and Lp(a). Methods The study was carried out in 446 women grouped as combined norethisterone containing ethinylestradiol (EE) 35 ?g and norethisterone 625 ?g; combined 18 metayl norethisterone (norgestrel) containing EE 30 ?g and 18 metayl norethisterone 300 ?g for using 5～25 years, and control subjects wearing IUD for the corresponding period. The three groups were similar in age, body mass index (BMI), continued period of contraceptives use and income. Results The data showed that changes of varying degree of lipid and lipoprotein parameters were obvious in women of long term taking low dose combined norethisterone and norgestrel, compared with the control. The mean of TG, HDL C, ApoA1 were significantly increased simultaneously ( P

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and its effect on tumor interstitial angiogenesis and the biological behavior of gastric carcinoma. Methods CD34 was used to explore the microvessel density (MVD) as the marker of endothelial cell. bFGF was qualitatively and quantitatively detected with immunohistochemistry on 74 cases of gastric carcinoma and 17 cases of adjacent normal gastric tissue. Results Measurement of CD34 expression could be used to describe endothelial cell proliferation and vascularity. Strong expression of bFGF was localized in the cytoplasm of tumor cell and interstitial new microvessel endothelial cells. Expression of bFGF in tumor tissue was stronger than in corresponding non tumor normal gastric tissue ( P

Objective The immunocytochemical localizations of GABA\-A\| and GABA\-B\|receptor in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus(Vme) of the rat were examined in order to provide morphological evidence for a possible functional analysis of GABA\|receptor in the transmission and modulation of the orofacial region trigeminal proprioceptive sensory information. Methods An immunocytochemical staining method was used in the present study,and immunostained sections were observed under light microscope. Results Many neuronal cell bodies,fibers and terminals with dense GABA\-A\| and GABA\-B\|receptor\|like immunoreactivity(\|LI) were observed to be localized in Vme,and different subunits of GABA\|receptor\|LI showed the morphological difference in their distribution:1.Immunoreactivity for GABA\-B R1 subunit was intensely distributed in the cell bodies of Vme neurons,whereas the weak immunoreactivity for GABA\-BR2 subunit was only observed in the region surrounding the somata of Vme neurons which showed negative GABA\-BR2\|LI;2.A considerable number of GABA\-A\|like immunoreactive neurons,fibers and terminals were also found in Vme.It was involved four kinds of subunits(?1,?2,?3 and ?).The heavy immunoreactivity for GABA\-AR?1 and GABA\-AR?3 subunits were only seen in the cell bodies of Vme neurons.On the other hand,the immunoreactivity for GABA\-AR?2 and GABA\-AR? subunits was only observed in the fibers and terminals in the region surrounding the somata of Vme neurons,which showed negative immunoreactivity for above subunits;3.Dense GABA\-BR2\|,GABA\-AR?2\| and GABA\-AR?\|LI fibers and terminals surround the somata of Vme neurons,especially for GABA\-AR?2\|LI.Conclusion\ The present results suggest that there are some differences in the distribution of the various subunits of GABA\-A\| and GABA\-B\|receptor in Vme.It is likely that the inhibitory regulation and control effects of GABAergic terminals on the transmission of orofacial region proprioceptive sensory information might be mainly mediated through GABA\-AR?1 and GABA\-AR?3 subunits in somata of Vme neurons.

Objective To observe the connections between the glutamic acid decarboxylase\|like immunoreactive(GAD\|LI) axonal terminals and the positive neurons showing phosphate actived glutaminase(PAG)\|LI or GABA\-A\|receptor ?3 subunit (GABA\-AR?3)\|LI and parvalbumin(PV)\|LI in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus(Vme) of the rat. Methods The triple\|immunofluoresence histochemical staining techniques were used in the present study,and stained sections were observed under a confocal laser\|scanning microscope. Results Many neuronal cell bodies through the whole rostrocaudal extent of Vme were showed dense GABA\-AR?3\|,PAG\| and PV\|like immunoreactivities,respectively.The majority of them were large pseudounipolar neurons(diameter 25\|50?m).About 90% of PAG\|LI neurons expressed both GABA\-AR?3\|LI and PV\|LI.Confocal laser\|scanning microscope further revealed that dense GAD\|LI axonal varicosities were found to surround the somata of Vme neurons showing both GABA\-AR?3\| and PAG\|like immunoreactivities,and formed the close contact each other.Conclusion\ The present results suggested that the GABAergic axonal terminals projecting to Vme might exert inhibitory regulation and control effect through GABA\-AR?3 subunit localizated in somata of Vme neurons on the transmission of orofacial region proprioceptive sensory information mediated by glutamate.

Objective To study the health effect of harmful substances produced in house decoration through the investigation of occupational heath impacts in the workers engaged in house decoration.Methods From July to October in 2007, in Luzhou,200 workers engaged in house decoration and 200 building workers were selected.The questionnaires investigation was conducted on general condition,working circumstances,living conditions,personal protect and health status.Results All the workers had little knowledge about the health impacts caused by house decoration materials.The working circumstance of the workers engaged in house decoration was bad and almost no personal protection in working.In house decoration workers,the prevalence rate of dermal redness(13%),dryness(10%),headache(8.0%),vertigo(9.5%),cough(15.5%),asthma(8.5%),chest tightness(7.5%) nausea(8%),vomit(5%),discomfort sense in eyes(30.0%),eyes ache(15.0%),photophobia lacrimation(15.0%), abnormal smell(15.0%),nasopharyngeal discomfort(12.5%) and sore throat(10.5%) was higher compared with the building workers (P