AIM: To establish the quality standard for Gujing Tablets (Olibanum, Rhizoma Cyperi, Radix Aucklandia, etc.). METHODS: Olibanuln, Rhizoma Cyperi, Radix Aucklandia were identified by TLC, and costuslactone content in Radix Aucklandia was determined by HPLC. RESULTS: The TLC identification was highly specific and spots were clear. Costuslactone in Radix Aucklandia showed a good linear relationship. The average recovery was 99.1% (RSD=1.2% and n=5). CONCLUSION: The methods are simple, reliable and have a good reproducibility and can be used for the quality control of Gujing Tablets.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method to determine the content of rosmarinic acid in Wuling capsules. Methods:The chromatographic column was Linksil-ODS (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm) with a gradient elution mode at the flow rate of 0. 8 ml· min-1,and the mobile phase was acetonitrile-water (32∶68) including 0. 5% acetic acid. The detection wavelength was 319 nm, the column temperature was 25 ℃ and the injection volume was 20 μl. Results: The linear range was 2-80 μg·ml-1 and the standard curve showed good linear regression within the range(r=0. 999 8). And the average recovery was 97. 07﹪ (n=6) with the inter-day precision (RSD) of 1. 35 %. Conclusion:The method is accurate and rapid with good reproducibility in the determination of ros-marinic acid in Wuling capsules, which can be used to control the quality of rosmarinic acid in Wuling capsules.

Objective To study the relationship between extraocular muscle thickness and exophthalmos degree in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO),so as to provide a scientific basis for guiding clinical treatment.Methods Forty seven patients diagnosed with TAO from May 2005 to May 2011,in the 451 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army were chosen in this study,and divided into TAO group(23 cases) and treatment group (24 cases).Meanwhile,another 32 healthy people were selected as control.Extraocular rectus muscles (including the medial rectus muscle,lateral rectus muscle,superior rectus muscle and inferior rectus muscle) of all participants were measured with B-scan ultrasonography,and exophthalmos degree with Hertel exophthalmometer.Results The thicknesses of medial rectus in control group,TAO group and treatment group were (3.35 ± 0.25),(4.38 ± 0.85),(3.58± 0.52)mm,respectively; the thicknesses of lateral rectus muscle were (2.95 ± 0.61),(4.24 ± 0.75),(3.65 ± 0.42)mm,respectively; the thicknesses of superior rectus muscle were (3.15 ± 0.20),(4.65± 0.68),(4.01 ± 0.15)mm,respectively; the thicknesses of inferior rectus muscle were (3.17 ± 0.72),(4.75 ± 0.52),(3.71 ± 0.91)mm,respectively; the sums of binocular rectus thickness in these three groups were (21.95 ± 0.65),(28.02 ± 1.51),(22.95 ± 0.65)mm,respectively; the difference between the three groups was statistically significant(F=2.32,2.43,2.25,2.17,5.63,all P ＜ 0.05),and TAO group was significantly higher than that in the control group and in the treatment group(all P ＜ 0.05),while there was no statistically significant between the control group and the treatment group(all P ＞ 0.05).The eyes exophthalmos degree in TAO group and treatment group were (16.82 ± 2.46),(14.52 ± 1.83)mm,respectively.The sum of the rectus muscle thickness and eyes exophthalmos was positively correlated(r =0.65,0.58,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Extraocular muscle thickness in patients with TAO is positively correlated with exophthalmos degree,and using B-scan ultrasonography to detect the changes is practical for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To optimize the microemulsion preparation of Fufang Zicao Oil(FZO).Methods The extraction conditions of microemulsion preparation of FZO were optimized by orthogonal experiment;the kinds and contents of surfactants and cosurfactants determined by pseudo-ternary phase diagram were used for the optimization of the prescription of FZO;centrifugation method was used for detecting the stability of FZO.Results The optimum extract conditions were as follows:10-mesh coarse powder of medicinal material,four times amount of solvent(sesame oil),extraction for 25 minutes.With Tween 80 and propylene glycol(7:3)as the surfactant and cosurfactant,and mixing with the oils in the proportion of 20:10,a steady microemulsion of FZO can be obtained after centrifugation by 13000 r? min-1 for 30 min.Conclusion Under the above achieved conditions,the obtained microemulsion of FZO is clear,transparent and steady.

Objective To explore the pharmacokinetic characteristics of telmisartan in Chinese healthy volunteers. Methods 9 Chinese male healthy volunteers were divided into receiving orally a single dose of 40, 80, 120 mg telmisartan tablets respectively, in latin square design study. After administration of telmisartan tablets, the plasma concentration was determined by HPLC with fluorescent detection. The pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by 3P97 program. Results It was found that plasma levels increased after orally increased dosages of telmisartan in the healthy volunteers in a nor-dose-dependent manner. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated the follows: AUC 0-96 of three different dosages (40, 80,120 mg) were (895.03?364.53), ( 3 030.34? 1 454.80) and ( 13 570.44? 3 551.54) ?g?h -1?L -1; and C max were (60.71?28.10), (214.05?74.14) and (978.32?234.89) ?g?L -1. There were significant differences in AUC 0-t/dose, C max/dose between the groups (P

Objective To analysis the clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of acute acalculous cholecystitis.Methods Seventy-nine cases of acute acalculous cholecystitis from January 1996 to January 2003 were retrospectively reviewed.Results Of those 79 cases, 13 cases were treated non-operatively and 66 cases were treated operatively. Twenty-three cases were suppurative, 43 cases were gangrenous with perforation in 18 cases,which were proved by postoperative pathology. Seventy-six cases were cured and 3 cases were dead. Conclusion Keeping vigilant alert, observing dynamically as well as appropriate operative intervention are effective to improve the prognosis of acute acalculous cholecystitis.

ObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to summarize the characteristics of cellular and humoral immunity in children with Kawasaki's disease (KD),and to explore the role of cellular and humoral immunity in the pathogenesis of KD.MethodsOne hundred and ninety-six subjects with KD were diagnosed and observed.The serum IgG,IgM,IgA and C3,C4 levels were detected by velocity scatter turbidimetry.The levels of T lymphocyte subsets,natural killer cells (NK cells),and B cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.Chi-square test,independent t-test and Spearman analysis were adopted to analyze data.ResultsOne hundred and seventy-two cases were diagnosed as typical KD,24 cases were incomplete KD,17 cases were refractory KD,179 cases responded to IVIG therapy,and 34 cases were CAL.The occurrence of coronary artery lesion (CAL) in the refractory KD group was 52.9％,which was evidently higher than those patients responding to IVIG therapy(14.0％,P＜0.05).In the group of KD,the level of CD19 absolute value(1165±556)/μl was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05),the ratio of CD4/CD8 (2.19±0.77) was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05),the levels of serum IgM ( 1.41 ±0.45) g/L,IgA (0.81 ±0.35) g/L,C3 ( 1.31 ±0.26) g/L were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05),the levels of CD8 (671±308)/μl,NK (337±233)/μl absolute value were lower than those in thc control group (P＜0.05).In refractory KD subgroup,the levels of CD19 absolute value,serum IgM,C3 and the ratio of CD4/CD8 were higher than those in the subgroup responding to IVIG therapy(P＜0.05),while the levels of CD8,NK absolute value were lower than those in the latter(P＜0.05).In the CAL subgroup,the levels of CD19 absolute value,serum IgM,IgA and the ratio of CD4/CD8 were higher than those in the non-CAL subgroup (P＜0.05),while the levels of CD8,NK absolute value were lower than those in the latter(P＜0.05).The differences of all data between typical KD subgroup and incomplete KD subgroup were insignificant (P＞0.05).The severity grade of CAL was positively correlated with the ratio of CD4/CD8(P＜0.05).ConclusionThere are cellular immunity and humoral immunity disturbances in the acute stage of KD,while cellular immunity disturbances are more striking.Cellular immunity and humoral immunity are all involved in the pathogenesis of KD.The immunity dysfunction is more significant in refractory KD and CAL.The occurrence rate of CAL is high in refractory KD.The ratio of CD4/CD8 is relevant to the severity of vascular injury.

Objective To understand the pathogenetic role and clinical significance of interleukin 6(IL－ 6 ),tumor necrosis factor(TNF) and soluble interleukin－ 2 receptor(sIL－ 2R) in patients with cerebral infarction(CI) .Methods The IL－ 6,TNF and sIL－ 2R levels were measured in 46 CI patients with ELISA. Results The serum IL－ 6,TNF and sIL－ 2R levels of CI group were much higher than those of controls group .The variation of IL－ 6,TNF and sIL－ 2R levels was closely related to the size of cerebral infarction. The serum IL－ 6,TNF and sIL－ 2R levels of recovery period were much lower than those of acute period in patients with CI .Conclusions The IL－ 6 ,TNF and sIL－ 2R take part in the pathologic process after CI .The measurement of IL－ 6, TNF and sIL－ 2R is useful in determining the size of cerebral infarction.

Objective: To establish a method for the determination of atractylenolide Ⅰ in Atractylodes macrocephala by HPCE. Methods:The separation conditions of HPCE were as follows:50 mmol·L-1 borate buffer was used as the running buffer, the UV de-tection was set at 210 nm, the separation voltage was 20 kV, the column temperature was 25℃ and the pressure injection was 50 mbar × 5 sec. Results:The lower detection limit was 0. 5 μg·ml-1 . The concentration of atractylenolide Ⅰ showed a linear plot within the range of 2-100 μg·ml-1(r=0. 996 0). The average recovery was 97. 1%, and the intra-and inter-day RSD was 1. 3% and 2. 5%, respectively. Conclusion:The established method is simple, sensitive and economic. The method is suitable for the quality control of atractylodes macrocephala.

The body is equipped with kinds of transporters which generally exist in liver,kidney,and intestine.Multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins(MATEs;SLC47A)are predominantly expressed in the brush-border membrane of proximal tubule epi-thelial cells in the kidney and the canalicular membrane of hepa-tocytes.Functionally,MATEs act as efflux transporters for or-ganic compounds.The article discusses type,structure,poly-morphism and function of MATE1and MATE2-K,and also dis-cusses the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)in the SLC47A1 gene and SLC47A2 on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of metformin and platinum-based chemothera-peutic agents.