Objective To identify the genotypes and analyze the molecular characteristics of varicella-zoster virus(VZV)endemic strains in Changchun from 2021 to 2022.Methods A total of 59 patients with varicella or herpes zoster treated in China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University in Changchun from 2021 to 2022 were selected as the research objects,which were identified for the serum VZV-specific antibodies by fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen(FAMA)method.The viral DNA was extracted from herpetic fluid of the confirmed patients,and multiple open reading frames(ORFs)including ORF1,ORF12,ORF16,ORF17,ORF21,ORF22,ORF37,and ORF54 of VZV were amplified by PCR,which was genotyped according to the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of the ORFs.Furthermore,multiple ORFs,ORF38,ORF54 and ORF62 were identified by using restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)to distinguish clinical strains and vaccine strains.Results 59 serum samples were positive,indicating that all the patients were infected with VZV.Among the 59 clinical samples,4 samples were completely matched with Clade 2 genotype,4 samples showed 2 SNPs,including ORF1(SNP790)mutation of C→A and ORF12(SNP18 082)mutation of T→C,and 51 samples showed ORF12(SNP18 082)mutation of T→C.All 59 VZV clinical isolates were PstⅠ+BglⅠ+BglⅠ+SmaⅠ+SmaⅠ-,which was different from the vaccine strain PstⅠ-,which was different from the vaccine strain PstⅠ-BglⅠ-BglⅠ+SmaⅠ+SmaⅠ+.Conclusion All the VZV endemic strains in Changchun from 2021 to 2022 were Clade 2 genotype,and no vaccine strain was found to be pathogenic.

Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Pathology, Clinical ; instrumentation ; methods ; trends ; Referral and Consultation ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Telepathology ; instrumentation ; methods ; trends

AIM: To investigate the difference of cognitive impairment and depression between age-related macular degeneration ( AMD ) group and the control group patients. ·METHODS: A prospective case-control study was performed from November 2014 to August 2016 in the hospital for AMD patients and sex-matched control group. The Mini-Mental State Examination ( MMSE) and the Geriatric Depression Scale ( GDS ) score of each patient were collected for statistical analyzing. ·RESULTS: There were total 84 cases ( 168 eyes ) included in the study. The difference of visual acuity between the two group was statistically significant ( F=8. 953, P=0. 004) by baseline data analyzing. There were no significant differences in MMSE scores between the two groups according to educational status ( P>0. 05 ) , while the prevalence of cognitive impairment in each group was statistically significant (x2 =4. 14, P=0. 042). The difference of GDS scores, prevalence of total and mild depression between two groups were both statistically significant (F=5. 852, P=0. 018; x2=6. 372, P=0. 012; x2 = 5. 674, P = 0. 017 ). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of moderate to severe depression (x2=0. 672, P=0. 412). ·CONCLUSION: AMD patients have a higher prevalence of depression. Although MMSE score differences were not statistically significant in subgroup analysis by educational levels, AMD patients are more likely to have cognitive impairment overall.

Objective To determine the relevant factors of under staging and under grading in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy and to define important predictors of under staging in this population. Methods The clinical T stages and biopsy Gleason scores were compared with the pathological T stages and prostatectomy Gleason scores in 55 patients. Results Among the 55 cases,50 were preoperatively classified as clinical stages T 1～T 2,of whom 21(42%) were postoperatively classified as pathological stages T 3～T 4.Of the 26 cases who preoperatively had the Gleason scores of 2 to 6,11(42%) had postoperatively pathological grades of 7 to 10.Logistic regression analysis revealed that PSA( P =0.0159)at diagnosis and the percentage of positive biopsies of prostate ≥50%( P =0.0013) were significant predictors for preoperative clinical staging lower than postoperative pathological staging. Conclusions The results demonstrate that patients who were classified as clinical stages T 1～T 2 with PSA≥20 ng/ml and percentage of positive biopsies≥50% may have high possibility of under staging.

Past decade,plants as production systems for recombinant proteins has been actively investigated,and is one of the most active research fields in life sciences. Plants are attractive as protein factories because they with advantages of cost,scale,and safety,and emerge capability to produce pharmaceutical production with bioactivity proved by previously studies. The plant-made pharmaceuticals possess enormous viability for market and wide prospects for application. Based on those reasons,the rise of plant bioreactor was reviewed,and research advance on the expression systems and plant-made recombinant proteins was introduced. Bottleneck problems and adopted strategies using plant system to produce recombinant proteins and research hotspot in the near future were summarized,and prospect of plant bioreactor in future was described. Synchronously,some opinions including research progress of plant bioreactor,differences to foreign and strategies in the future were discussed.

OBJECTIVETo compare the therapeutic effect of Astragalus and Angelica Mixture (AAM) on treating CKD patients according to different CKD primary diseases, staging and TCM syndromes.

METHODSA multicentre, open-label, and self control clinical design was used, and thirty-two patients in line with inclusive criteria were recruited. Based on maintaining their previous basic CKD treatment, patients additionally took AAM (Astragalus and Angelica each 30 g), once a day, three months consisted of one therapeutic course. Serum creatinine (SCr), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eG- FR), 24 h urinary total protein (UTP), plasma albumin (ALB), hemoglobin (Hb), and changes of TCM syndrome factor integrals were compared before treatment, at the end of month 1, 2, and 3. The differences in the aforesaid indices were compared between CKD patients with different CKD primary diseases (chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic renal tubulointerstitial disease, hypertensive renal damage), different CKD stages (CKD 3 and CKD 4), and patients of qi-blood deficiency syndrome (QBDS) and non-QBDS.

RESULTSAAM could improve 78.12% (25/32) patients' renal function. Compared with before treatment, SCr decreased (12.08% +/- 10.11%), eGFR increased (21.14% +/- 18.55%), and ALB increased (2.76% +/- 1.97%) at the end of 3-month treatment (all P < 0.05). As for TCM syndrome factor integrals, compared with before treatment, the integrals for qi deficiency syndrome, blood deficiency syndrome, and yin deficiency syndrome decreased, while the integrals for dampness heat syndrome and turbid-toxin syndrome increased (all P < 0.05). There was no obvious difference in all indices except the integral for hypertensive renal damage patients of yin deficiency syndrome (P > 0.05). The SCr decreasing percent was 19.82% +/- 8.30% for patients of non-QBDS and 5.24% +/- 10.75% for patients of QBDS. The latter was higher with statistical difference (P < 0.05). As for TCM syndrome factor integrals, the integral differences of qi deficiency and blood deficiency were obviously higher in patients of QBDS, when compared with patients of non-QBDS (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAAM could improve the renal function of CKD patients, elevate their ALB levels, and ameliorate associated qi deficiency syndrome, blood deficiency syndrome, and yin deficiency syndrome, especially for CKD patients of QBDS.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Angelica ; Astragalus Plant ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Yin Deficiency ; drug therapy ; Young Adult

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common clinical disease that seriously threatens human health and life. Accurate location of the upper airway obstruction is the key to the diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS. Acoustic pharyngometry uses sound reflection to quickly assess the cross-sectional area and volume of the upper airway. Acoustic pharyngometry represents a simple, quick, non-invasive method for measuring upper airway dimensions which could predict sleep apnea risk. In this article we sought to introduce the application of acoustic pharyngometry in the diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS.
Acoustics ; Humans ; Larynx ; Pharynx ; diagnostic imaging ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Syndrome

Objective To study arterial distribution of rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap and to evaluate whether it can be divided into several units for reconstruction. Methods The arteries of the rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap were studied on 60 sides of cadavers by dissection and angiography. Results The superior epigastric artery (SEA) and the inferior epigastric artery (IEA) continued in a longitudinal direction. Most of their branches took on a typical spiral configuration and communicated with each other within muscle above the level of umbilicus. Many perforating arteries penetrated through the anterior rectus sheath to get to the overlying skin, but the highest concentration of major perforators were in the paraumbilical area. The inferior epigastric artery was more significant than superior epigastric artery in supplying the skin of the musculocutaneous flap. Based on thefstudies of the vascular anatomy of muscles, we could classify arterial distribution into 3 types: type Ⅰ (SEA 26.5 %, IEA 34.6%) revealed a single main intramuscular artery: type Ⅱ (SEA 64.7 %, IEA 48.1%) had two major intramuscular branches; type Ⅲ (SEA 8.8%, IEA 17.3 %) revealed three intramuscular branches. Our anatomic studies showed that the superior and inferior epigastric artery bifurcated or divided into more than two main branches in the majority of cases (SEA 73.5%, IEA 65.4%). Conclusion The rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap could often be divided into several regions for breast construction which is based on the distribution of each branch of the artery.

Objective To compare the effects of different methods of getting out of bed for the first time in patients receiving lumbar disc herniation operations.Methods Totally 60 patients receiving lumbar disc herniation operations were divided into the experimental group and the control group with 30 patients in each group.The patients in the experimental group got out of bed with prone position.The patients in the control group got out of bed with lateral position.The pain scores and degrees of comfort were recorded.Results The experimental group scored 5.4±1.3 in pain degree,and the control group scored 6.1±1.8,t=0.37,P ＞ 0.05,the difference was not significantly different.The experimental group scored 85.7±10.9 in comfort degree,and the control group scored 70.6±11.5,t=4.21,P ＜ 0.05,the difference was significantly different.Conclusions The method of getting out of bed with prone position can reduce negative emotions of patients receiving lumbar disc herniation operations and improve degrees of comfort.

Objective To study the damage of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) on the structure of rats cerebral vessels,and to explore the treatment effect of probucol,folic acid and vitamin B12.Methods Totally,70 male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into seven groups:normal control (A),HHcy model (B),low-dose-probucol (C),middle-dose-probucol (D),high-dose-probucol (E),folic-acid plus vitamin B12 (F),folic-acid plus vitamin B12 plus probucol(G)group.Group A was fed plain feedstuff and water.Other groups were fed homomethionin feedstuff and water,probucol (340,510,680 mg· kg-1 · d-1),folic acid and vitamin B12,folic acid plus vitamin B12 plus probucol respectively.The plasma concentrations of homocysteine(Hcy) and ADMA were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC) at the beginning,and at the end of 8 and 12 weeks.The analysis of rats cerebral vessels was performed with electron microscope at the end of 12 weeks.Results (1) After adding high concentrations of methionine feedstuff for 8 weeks,the levels of Hcy in group B (60.4±11.9) μmol/L were significantly raised compared with group A(7.1±1.4) μmol/L.Meanwhile,ADMA levels in group B(1.3±0.4)μmol/L were higher than group A(0.4±0.1) μmol/L.At the end of 12 week,the levels of Hcy and ADMA were lower in groups C[(49.9±11.4)μmol/L,(1.0±0.2)μmol/L],D [(46.8± 10.9)μmol/L,(0.9±0.1)μmol/L],E[(44.3±11.4)μmol/L,(0.9±0.1)μmol/L],F [(16.3 ± 4.9)μmol/L,(0.7 ± 0.2)μmol/L] compared with group B [(69.5 ± 11.4)μmol/L,(1.6 ±0.5)μmol/L],but higher than group A[(6.7±1.3)μmol/L,(0.5±0.1)μmol/L].The levels of Hcy and ADMA in group G[(8.9±1.9) μmol/L,(0.6±0.2) μmol/L]were also lower than those in group B (P＜0.05],but they did not show statistically significant differences compared with group A(P＞0.05).(2) According to correlative analysis,Hcy levels were positively correlated with ADMA levels (P＜0.05).(3) On electron microscope,we observed that the cerebral artery and cerebral cortex of group B were seriously damaged.After the intervention with probucol,folic acid and vitamin B12,the structure of rats cerebral vessels were improved in group C,D,E,F and G as compared with group B,and group G were especially improved more obviously.Conclusions The HHcy and ADMA could damage the structure of rats cerebral vessels.Probucol,folic acid and vitamin B12 may alleviate the cerebral vascular damage by decreasing the levels of Hcy and ADMA,and the effect is more significant by the combined drug regimens of Probucol,folic acid and vitamin B12.