Paclitaxel is one of the most effective broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of cancers.However,its clinical application has been limited due to its poor water solubility.Its current clinical administration results in serious side effects and has undesired pharmacokinetics and biodistribution.Therefore,it is need to develope alternate drug delivery systems of paclitaxel to enhance its solubility,permeability and stability,furthermore to promote a sustained,controlled and targeted delivery.Hyaluronic acid as the carrier of drug delivery system can solve the problems.Hyaluronic acid-paclitaxel nanoparticles have high anticancer efficiency in drug encapsulation and tumor cellular uptake,due to their appropriate size,surface modification and interaction with CD44.This review focuses on recent applications of hyaluronic acid-paclitaxel nanoparticles in a variety of malignant tumors.

Anorectal malignant melanoma is a rare disease with atypical clinical symptoms and has a high misdiagnosis rate.Combined with rectal touch,endoscopy,ultrasonic inspection,CT,MRI,PET-CT,electron microscopy and the result of immunohistochemistry could help improve the diagnosis rate.This tumor tends to relapse and metastasis with poor prognosis,and there is no effective treatment.We should be on the alert for it,and the main point is early discovery,correct diagnosis,multi-disciplinary comprehensive treatment,in order to improve the survival rate of patients.

In order to study the relationship between serum specific IgE (sIgE) and allergen skin test, allergen skin tests and detections of sIgE in 220 allergic patients of Wuhan area were analyzed. The coherent rate of the two methods was beyond 70% (P < 0.01). It was concluded that the in vitro and in vivo detection methods of allergens have a high coherence and can be used as the effective ways to diagnose the allergic diseases in clinical practice.
Allergens ; China ; Dermatophagoides farinae/immunology ; Immunoglobulin E/*blood ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/*immunology ; Skin Tests ; Urticaria/*immunology

Objective To replace the endogenous CTL epitope LLD in HBsAg with EYILSLEEL of glypican(GPC3)in order to prepare a GPC3-HBsAg multiple peptides vaccine for HBV infection.Methods The HBsAg/GPC3 DNA was amplified by gene splicing by overlap extension(SOEing)PCR from pcHBsAg plasmid and then inserted into pBSSK+ vector to construct a pBSSK/GPC3 vector.The vector was then identified by PCR,double digesting and sequencing.The fragment encoding GPC3 CTL epitope EYILSLEEL was obtained by double digesting the plasmid pBSSK/GPC3 and then inserted into pcDNA3.1+ vector.Results Sequencing and restrict endonulease digestion indicated that eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA-HBsAg/GPC3 was constructed successfully.Conclusion The endogenous CTL epitope LLD of HBsAg is replaced by the EYILSLEEL,and an eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA-HBsAg/GPC3 is constructed.

Objective To observe the efficacy of continuous ultrasonic wave therapy on post-stroke gastrocnemius spasticity. Methods 26 patients with gastrocnemius spasticity after stroke were randomly divided into ultrasonic group and control group. The stretch therapy was used in the two groups,and the continuous ultrasonic wave therapy was added on ultrasonic group for 4 weeks. The scores of modefied Ashworth scale (mAS),the ratio of Hmax and Mmax,and the fascicle length of gastrocnemius pre and post treatment were observed and compared respectively in the two groups.Results Compared with pre treatment,the score of mAS and the value of Hmax/Mmax in ultrasonic group wrer significantly reduced post treatment(all P

OBJECTIVE:To study the anti-inflammation effects of cacumen biotae water decoction on mice with auricle and ab-dominal inflammation. METHODS:Mice were randomized into a normal control group,a model group,a positive control group (0.25 g/L aspirin)and cacumen biotae high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose [1,0.5 and 0.25 g(medicinal materials)/L] groups, respectively marked as groups A,B,C,D,E and F,with 10 mice in each group. The mice were given drugs ig for 5 consecutive days. The models of auricle and abdominal inflammation were established for all groups except the normal control group. The con-tents of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)and interleukin 1(IL-1)in the serum of mice with auricle inflammation were determined, and the swelling degree and swelling rate were calculated. The contents of TNF-α,IL-1 and acid-sensing ion channels 1a(ASIC1a) in the liver tissues of mice with abdominal inflammation and the concentration of proteins in the peritoneal lavage fluid(ΔA)there-of were detected. RESULTS:For mouse models of auricle inflammation,the contents of TNF-α and IL-1 in serum in group B were higher than in group A;the swelling degree and swelling rate and the contents of TNF-α and IL-1 in groups C,D,E and F were lower than in group B,and those of group E and F were higher than in group C. There were statistical differences(P<0.05). For mouse models of abdominal inflammation,the contents of TNF-α,IL-1 and ASIC1a in liver tissues and ΔA in group B were higher than in group A;the contents of TNF-α,IL-1 and ASIC1a as well as ΔA in groups C,D,E and F were lower than in group B. There were statistical differences(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Cacumen biotae water decoction has anti-effect on acute auricle and abdominal inflammation by a mechanism which may be related to decreasing TNF-α,IL-1 and ASIC1a.

As the fourth member of the globin family, cytoglobin ( CYGB) is a hypoxia-induced gene, and its expression is upregulated under hypoxia.CYGB is widely distributed in the living body and has a variety of physiological functions, such as anti-oxi-dative stress, anti-fibrosis, and neuroprotection.It also plays a protective role in cardiovascular disease, cancer, and other hypoxia-re-lated diseases.This article presents an overview on the structure and distribution of CYGB, its physiological functions of anti-fibrosis, anti-cancer and muscle regeneration, and the regulation and the mechanism of its expression under hypoxia.

Small molecule covalent inhibitors, or called as irreversible inhibitors, are a type of inhibitors that exert their biological functions by irreversibly binding to target through covalent bonds. Compared with non-covalent inhibitors, covalent inhibitors have obvious advantages in bioactivity. Nevertheless, these agents may also exhibit larger toxicity once off-target effects arise. This "double-edged swords" property often leads drug researchers to avoid attaching them. In recent years, some problems such as drug resistance are difficult to be solved with reversible inhibitors leading researchers to pay more attention on the covalent inhibitors. In this review, we shall make a short summary to the recent research progress of covalent inhibitors and the interaction modes between covalent inhibitors and their target protein residues.

Objective To observe the clinical feasibility of the acceptable noise level (ANL) test ,analyze the effect of different test instructions to the result of Mandarin acceptable noise level test .Methods Twelve young peo-ple (24 ears) with normal pure-tone test and acoustic immittance test (threshold≤15 dB HL) were included in this study .They were randomly divided into two groups with 12 ears in each group .Group A received the same test in-struction firstly and then received different instructions depended on the different translation of English instruction by tester .Group B received the reverse test order .The acceptable noise level(ANL) ,most comfortable level(MCL) and back groud noise level(BNL) were analyzed .Results The average value of ANL was 7 .5 ± 6 .61 and 8 .29 ± 6 .54 dB SPL ;the average value of most comfortable level (MCL) was 83 .58 ± 8 .57 and 85 .41 ± 8 .89 dB SPL ;the average value of background noise level (BNL) were 78 .92 ± 10 .56 and 77 .13 ± 7 .91 dB SPL respectivoly .The difference of MCL ,BNL ,ANL in these two groups were not statistically significant (P>0 .05) .Test method 1 re-sulted in great individual differences in ANL ,which it ranged from -6 .4 to 20 .12 dB S/N .While ANL from test method 2 ranged from 2 .50~20 .12 dB S/N .Conclusion Different test instruction do not correlated to the results of acceptable noise level ,testers can translate the English instruction by different ways so that it is convenient to the application and clinical research of ANL test .

Objective To establish the topotecan(TPT)-resistant cell line of human oophoroma (SKOV3/TPT), and to investigate its biological features. Methods To simulate the condition in clinical chemotherapy, drug resistant SKOV3/TPT cell line of human oophoroma was established by challenging SKOV3 with a large dose of TPT (2160ng/ml). Drug sensitivity was assessed by MTT assay. Light microscopy, electronic microscopy, trypan blue staining rejection, and cell counting were employed to determine the biological features of the cell line. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to study the cell cycle distribution, the accumulation of intracellular drug, and the expression of P glucoprotein (Pgp). Results SKOV3/TPT cells were established successfully, and the resistance index (RI) was 10.67. They showed an obvious cross-resistance to CPT-11, MX and VCR, but still sensitive to taxol, cis-platin, VP16, MTX and 5-Fluorouracil. Comparing with the parent cells, their morphology was unchanged, but multiplication time was prolonged. The apoptosis rate and the proportion of G2+M phase cells of resistant cells were significantly higher than that of their parent cells (P