AIM: To study the correlation between phasic change of the relative quantity of major crystallins with aging in rats. METHODS: Six groups of SD ra ts (age 1 d, 8 d,2 weeks,8 weeks,8 months and 1.5 years) were raised routine ly. Water soluble crystallins were extracted and separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. After comassize blue staining,the crystallins patterns were sc anned and analyzed. RESULTS: (1) Out of the eighteen water solu ble major rat cr ystallins tested in each group, seven showed gradual phasic changes in relative quantity of crystallins, but there were no significant changes in total quantity of water soluble crystallins. (2) Phasic changes in these crystallins pres ented four different patterns: increasing (?B 4??B 2??A 2??A 1), decreasi ng (? 7?? 8?? 2,3 ?? 5,6 ),relatively stable(?A 3??B 5) , and irregular. (3) The ratio of ?B 4 /?A 2 increased gradually with the r at aging process. CONCLUSION: T he gradual phasic changes in relative quantity of crystallins reflect the aging status of rat crystalline.

Total joint replacement (e.g.total hip replacement,total knee replacement) is one of the most common and most successful orthopaedic procedures.Infection after total joint arthroplasty is a devastating complication that causes pain and dysfunction,increases the cost.It is important to prevent postoperative infection.There are preoperative,perioperative and postoperative risk factors of total joint replacement,and preventions should base on these risk factors.This article reviews muhiple preoperative,perioperative and postoperative risk factors of postoperative infection and the preventions based on these risk factors.

Immunohistochemistry was utilized to investigate the light and electron micros-copic localization of neurotensin-like (NT) immunoreactive amacrine cells in thechicken retina.The results showed that the NT-immunoreactive cell bodies wereoval and situated in either the second or third row of cells from the inner borderof the inner nuclear layer.The processes of such cells extended into the innerplexiform layer where they ramified as a fine plexus in sublamina 1 and as a denseplexus in sublamina 3 and 4.At the ultrastructural level,NT positive soma exhibited a rather dense and evenlydistributed immune reaction product throughout their cytoplasm.The nucleus ofNT-amacrine cells possessed a round,unindented nuclear membrane.NT positiveprocesses of such cells receive synaptic input from processes of unlabeled amacrineand bipolar cells.They formed synaptic output onto processes of nonimmuno-reactive amacrine cells and bipolar cells.Moreover,each of the above synapticrelationships were identified in each of sublamina 1 and 3 to 4 of the inner plexiform layer.In addition,NT positive processes fromed synaptic output to processesdevoid of synaptic vesicles,which may originated from ganglion cells.They alsoformed synaptic output to somas situated in the innermost cell row of the innernuclear layer.Identification of synaptic elements and retinal circuitry were also discussed.

The immunohistochemical single and double label techniques were used to study the localization and coexistence of immunoreaetive enkephalin (ENK) and somatostatin (SOM) in amacrine cells of the chicken retina. The single label experiments showed that certain SOM-immunoreactive amacrine cells are similar in morphology, location in the inner nuclear layer (INL) and the manner of processes ramified in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) to some ENK-immunoreactive amacrine cells, although the plexus of SOM-immunoreactive processes in sublamina 3 and 4 were not as dense as ENK-immunoreactive plexus and SOM-immunoreactive processes in sublamina 5 were not observed. The double label studies indicated that some amacrine cells showed both SOM and ENK positive immunoreactivity and some other amacrine cells showed only SOM or ENK positive immunoreactivity.The coexistence of two neuropeptides or a neuropeptide and a classical neurotransrnitter in the retinal amacrine cells were also discussed.

Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant disease in the main left or right hepatic ducts,ductus hepaticus communis or their confluence.The treatment for hilar cholangiocarcinoma remains a challenge because of the aggressive nature of the disease and the absence of effective treatments besides surgical resection.Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is diagnosed by its clinical manifestations,tumor markers and results of imaging studies.Problems as the necessity of preoperative hepatic bile drainage and decision making of proper treatment remain controversial.Here,we will review the current advances in the management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma,so as to provide theoretical basis and new ideas for clinical treatment.

The DICOM standard has greatly promoted the development of Medical Imaging and Communication. It′ s necessary to extract the pixels and convert the bytes to the format we need when process the DICOM files. JAVA open-source toolkit can be used to do this conversion with much convenience.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the efficacy of rhinoplasty with autogenous nasal septal cartilage for saddle nose caused by nasal bone and nasal septum fracture after trauma. METHOD: During the treatment process of 30 cases of nasal trauma, simple nasal bone fracture reposition and nasal septum correction was done, and rhinoplasty was done using the nasal septal cartilage. All the patients were followed up to evaluate subsequent effect. RESULT: All the patients were satisfied with the result of one stage repairment. After following-up for 3-42 months, 28 cases (93.3%) were of long-term satisfaction. CONCLUSION Rhinoplasty with autogenous nasal septal cartilage for saddle nose was an effective method to repair the nasal trauma.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Cartilages ; transplantation ; Nasal Septum ; surgery ; Nose Deformities, Acquired ; surgery ; Rhinoplasty ; methods ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

A new photochemical method was employed to cause regional cerebral throm-bosis in the rats by intravenous injection of the rose bengal (1mg/100g body weight)and focal illumination (with a filtered xenon lamp, ?560nm and △?60nm) of the intackskull surface. The regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), stroke volume (SV), cardiac out-put(CO), heart rate(HR) and the regional blood flow of heart, liver, spleen, kidney andadrenal were used as indexes. The effects of cerebral hemodynamic alterations on cardiacfunction during photochemical reaction were discussed. The results showed that rCBF, SV,CO decreased markedly as compated with the contralateral (P

0.05), The regression equation was y=0.963 8x+0.012 35, with correlation coefficient of 0.995 0. Conclusion The 4160-type formaldehyde analyzer could be used for determination of formaldehyde in public places and other indoor air.

AIM: To investigate the influence of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induced apoptosis through knocking down Bax gene by RNA interference (RNAi) in human alveolar type II epithelial cells (A549). METHODS: A549 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into 4 groups according to RNAi treatment: control group, TNF-α treated group, Bax siRNA group and control siRNA group. Chemically synthesized small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against human Bax gene was transfected into A549 cells by cationic liposome. The effect of RNAi was investigated by reverse transcription PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemisty, and the rate of apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Bax gene was knocked down effectively in Bax siRNA group (P<0.05). Apoptosis was induced by TNF-α in TNF-α treated group and control siRNA group. However, it was abolished in Bax siRNA group by the downregulation of Bax gene compared to TNF-α treated group and control siRNA group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: This result suggests that Bax gene has a significant role of pro-apoptosis in A549 cells and knocking down Bax gene by RNAi can effectively inhibit TNF-α-induced apoptosis in A549 cells.