Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Drug Therapy ; standards ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Humans ; Infant ; Pediatrics ; Pharmacology, Clinical ; Pharmacovigilance ; Societies, Pharmaceutical

Minimal residual disease(MRD)iS the origin of relapse in leukemia.So it's significant to quantitate MRD in clinical.At present, there are three MRD quantitative assays, such as flow cytometric detection of abnormal immuno-phenotype,polymerase chain reaction(PCR)amplification of antigenreceptor genes and fusion transcripts.Because every measure has its own principle and feature.the clinical applications are different.Selecting suitable assays based on the characteristic of patients can help to quantitate MRD exactly.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics and rules of leukocytopenia induced by essential antipsychotic medi-cines in psychotic in our hospital,and provide reference for the clinical treatment. METHODS:1 345 psychotics received essential antipsychotic medicines from Nov. 2012 to Nov. 2014 in our hospital were collected,and retrospective analysis was adopted to sta-tistically analyze the age,sex and the drug type,dose and treatment time that caused leukocytopenia,symptom duration,white blood cell(WBC)count,clinical manifestation and prognosis. RESULTS:In the 1 345 patients,there were 205 patients with WBC sustained reduction in the process of medication,accounting for 15.24%. The incidence rate of leukocytopenia in patients older than 60 years old reached up to 54.15%;57 patients with leukocytopenia was induced by combination medication,accounting for 20.14% in the total cases of combination medication,and it was significantly higher than the incidence rate of single medication (13.93%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);incidence rate of leukocytopenia induced by the first generation of antipsychotic medicines was 63.36%,which was significantly higher than the second generation(36.64%),the difference was sta-tistically significant(P<0.05);there were 113 patients with the WBC count of 3.0×109-3.9×109 L-1,accounting for 54.63%,com-pared with other WBC count groups,there were significant differences(P<0.05);most of the patients had no discomfort and obvi-ous clinical symptoms,and all patients were improved or recovered after symptomatic treatment. CONCLUSIONS:The incidence rate of antipsychotic in elderly patients with essential antipsychotic medicines is relatively high,and the incidence of antipsychotic is more likely to be caused by combination medication and the first generation antipsychotic medicines. Although leukocytopenia can be cured,it may increase the risk of infection,so blood routine should be regularly checked and paid great attention during treatment.

Objective To analyze the effect of Smad7 on the expression of TGF-?R,R Smads and STRAP in the process of malignant transformation of immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells BEP2D.Methods Cells were cultured and protein were extracted from BEP2D,BERP35T2,BS7 and RS7 cells,then Western blotting was performed to examine the expression level of TGF-?RⅠ,TGF-?RⅡ,Smad2/3,Smad4 and STRAP.(Results) Stable transfection of Smad7 gene led to decreased expression of TGF-?RⅡ and increased expression of Smad2 and STRAP in both BEP2D and BERP35T2 cells.There were no changes in the expression of Smad3 and Smad4.Conclusion Overexpression of Smad7 leads to decreased expression of TGF-?R Ⅱ and increased expression of STRAP in BEP2D and BERP35T2 cells,which could be one of the mechanisms of the malignant transformation of BEP2D cells.

BACKGROUND:Diabetes mel itus after kidney transplantation is an important metabolic complication of the transplanted organ, and seriously affects the quality of life and long-term survival rate of patients, which is a risk factor for renal al ograft dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the changes in fasting blood glucose and prognosis of patients who had survived more than 1 year after renal transplantation. METHODS:Total y 42 patients undergoing renal transplantation admitted at Xiantao First People’s Hospital from January 2003 to January 2013, including 7 cases of preoperative diabetes, 11 cases of impaired fasting glucose and 24 cases of normal fasting blood glucose. Fasting blood glucose levels were detected at 1, 7, 14 days and 1, 3, 6, 12 months after renal transplantation, and the survival conditions were also compared among different groups. Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze influential factors of survival in patients undergoing renal transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The fasting blood glucose levels in the diabetes mel itus group were significantly higher than those in the impaired fasting glucose group and normal fasting blood glucose group before and after renal transplantation (P<0.05). The fasting blood glucose levels were increased in al the groups at 1 day after transplantation (P<0.05), and stabilized at 3 months after transplantation. The survival rate was significantly higher in the normal fasting blood glucose group than in the diabetes mel itus and impaired fasting glucose groups after renal transplantation (P<0.05). Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed that preoperative fasting blood glucose, age, postoperative tumor and infection were the independent risk factors for death in patients undergoing renal transplantation, among which, postoperative tumor led to the highest death risk ratio that was 2.376. Taken together, preoperative diabetes mel itus has some impacts on renal recipients who survive more than 1 year fol owing transplantation, but postoperative diabetes mel itus had no influence on the survival rate of the patients.

In recent studies,it has been demonstrated that the clinical efficacy of surfactant is poor for late protein infants.Besides,this kind of infants have not infection or other risk factors that may lead to respiratory distress syndrome(RDS).Thus,it is speculated that the pathogenesis of RDS of late preterm infants is different from preterm infants.New researches show that,as the key point of Lung fluid transport via Epithelium,α-ENaC plays an important role in the pathogenesis of RDS of late preterm infants through the inhibition of lung fluid clearance and activity of surfactant.This review highlights the most important mechanisms of Lung fluid absorption barrier in RDS of late preterm infants.

The research on the clinical characteristic and epidemiology in Henoch-Schonlein purpara of children indicates that genetic factors are closely connected with the disease and pathological process.In recent years,molecular biology studies show that C1 GALT1 gene,IL gene,vasomotor and endothelial function regulation genes,angiotensin-converting enzyme gene,angiotensinogen gene,MEFV gene and so on,which have aberrant IgAl giycosylation,are closely related with pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura in children.The paper reviews the progress of genetic mechanism associated with Henoch-Schonlein purpura in recent years.

As one of the chronic diseases,asthma,plays a serious impact on human daily life.Asthma in children has showed an increasing trend in recent years,but the mechanisms of asthma are not yet clear.Studies have found that store-operated calcium entry(SOCE) plays an important role in the physiological activity of the body.The enhanced SOCE activity can promote cell growth,proliferation,and migration of a variety of cell types.SOCE important molecules STIM1 and ORAI1 may be involved in the asthmatic airway occurrence of hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling,and closely to the asthmatic development.

Objective:To investigate the neuroprotective role of hemin and its effect on the expression of neuroglobin in the hippocampal organotypic tissue cultures(HOTC)after combined oxygen/glucose deprivation(OGD).Methods:SD rats,8~10-days old,were sacri-ficed for brain.HOTC were made and randomly divided into three groups:HOTC,HOTC undergoing OGD(OGD),HOTC under- going OGD following pretreatment with hemin(Hemin+OGD). The expression of neuroglobin was detected by immunohisto-chemical technique and computer-assisted image analysis.Results:In OGD group,hippocampal organotypic tissue lost normal structure and neurons were damaged severely.Pretreatment with hemin could effectively reverse the damage of the neurons.The expression of neu- roglobin in the Hemin+OGD group were significantly stronger than that in the OGD group.Conclusion:Hemin has protective effect on injury induced by OGD in rat hippaocampal slices,which is associated with enhanced expression of neuroglobin.